Prevalence of Hypertension and Assessment of its Risk Factors among Traders in Rukuba-Road Satellite Market in Jos, North Central Nigeria

Background: Hypertension has continued to remain a global public health challenge, contributing to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and economic cost. Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors have been linked to hypertension. Aim: The study aimed at assessing the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among traders in the Rukuba-road Satellite market in Jos-North LGA, Jos, Plateau State. Materials and Methods: A cross‑sectional descriptive survey was used. Three hundred and fifty participants (traders) were drawn from 3017 static shops using the Cochran analysis formula of sample size calculation between June and July 2019. Participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Demographic characteristics and the knowledge, attitude, and practice of risk factors for hypertension were gotten using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were also obtained. The analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Ethical clearance and informed consent were obtained before the commencement of the study. Results: Three hundred and twenty-three traders comprising 190 (58.8%) females and 133 (41.2%) males participated in the study. The majority of the traders (40.9%) had average knowledge, 78.6% had a good attitude and 75.6% had average practice on proper lifestyle for prevention of hypertension and its risk factors. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP) were 127 ± 19 mmHg and 79 ± 11 mmHg, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension among the participants was 32.2% (104 participants) of which 58 (55.8%) were unaware of their hypertensive status. Nonmodifiable risk factors of age (P = 0.000) and tribe (P = 0.006) and modifiable risk factors of body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.000) were statistically significant for hypertension. Predictors of hypertension using logistic regression were age (18–45 years) and BMI (18.5–34.9 kg/m2). Conclusion: Present findings of the risk factors of hypertension remain a major public health problem in our society and more efforts are needed for its screening, prevention, early diagnosis, and proper management

Dietary knowledge, attitudes and practices: a cross-sectional survey of type 2 diabetic patients in two tertiary hospitals in Jos, Nigeria

Diet is a crucial aspect of diabetes management and healthy eating is one of the main focus in preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Despite mounting evidence of the role of the dietary approach in the management of diabetes mellitus, studies still show low adherence to dietary recommendations. This study aimed at assessing the dietary knowledge, attitudes, and practices of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in two tertiary hospitals in Jos, Nigeria. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 448 type 2 diabetic patients using systematic random sampling. Quantitative data was collected using a self- administered questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. A 95% confidence interval was used and a probability value of P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study revealed that dietary knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients attending tertiary health care facilities in Jos, Nigeria was poor, their attitudes were positive, but they had poor dietary practices. A significant association was observed between marital status (P=0.022), religion (P=0.003), education level (P=0.000), employment status (P=0.000), family history (P=0.012), and dietary knowledge. This study highlights the importance of proper health education as this could possibly improve dietary knowledge, dietary practices that potentially change patient outcomes

Views of early career doctors on residency training and clinical practice in Nigeria: A qualitative report from charting study

In Nigeria, Early Career Doctors (ECDs) constitute a significant number of the doctor's health workforce and play a crucial role in health service delivery. However, there is a paucity of data concerning attitude, perception, and challenges in training and skill acquisition faced by ECDs undergoing residency training in Nigeria. This study is a component of Challenges of Residency training and early career doctors in Nigeria (CHARTING study) a multicentre and multidisciplinary study that explored the views of ECDs on residency training and clinical practice in Nigeria. Methods: Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted among fourteen respondents, to address specific aspects of the residency training program and encourage respondents to express themselves about issues relevant to their personal experiences as regards the assessment of practice and proffer recommendations. Discussions were digitally recorded with an audio recorder. Audio-recordings was transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analysed, and coding was done using NVivo 12 program. Results: All the study participants expressed various degrees of dissatisfaction and challenges such as lack of up to date knowledge, poor&contingent rewards, workload distribution, lack of mentorship, and unequipped facility during the residency training program. Majority of the study participants considered the program is currently skewed towards service delivery at the detriment of training and research. Conclusion: The study provided robust information on the knowledge of the trainees' perception of the residency training program in Nigeria as well as the challenges of residency training among ECDs as regards their experience and practice; it also proffered recommendations to mitigate the challenges. Keywords: Career, Internship, Postgraduate, Registrar, Trainee, Residency, Doctors, Dentist, Early Career Doctors, Nigeria, Education, Graduate Medical, Residenc

SECURITY ISSUES COMPNY FACE WHEN TRANSITIONING TO THE CLOUD

Cloud Computing is now a worldwide concept which is being utilized by majority of internet users. Technological advancement has reinforced organizations to adopt cloud systems to deploy software products, data and provide ease of maintenance as well as cost of implementation. Hence, the skyrocketing demand for cloud computing tools among business organizations. However, there are several security challenges related to Cloud computing such as data leakage, intrusion of hackers and others. In this paper, thorough study and analysis has been done on the security challenges faced by organizations in adoption of cloud computing techniques, effects and possible solutions companies can adopt to prevent such security breach

SECURITY ISSUES COMPANY FACE WHEN TRANSITIONING TO THE CLOUD

Cloud Computing is now a worldwide concept which is being utilized by majority of internet users. Technological advancement has reinforced organizations to adopt cloud systems to deploy software products, data and provide ease of maintenance as well as cost of implementation. Hence, the skyrocketing demand for cloud computing tools among business organizations. However, there are several security challenges related to Cloud computing such as data leakage, intrusion of hackers and others. In this paper, thorough study and analysis has been done on the security challenges faced by organizations in adoption of cloud computing techniques, effects and possible solutions companies can adopt to prevent such security breach

Health, well-being, and burnout amongst Early Career Doctors in Nigeria.

BackgroundEarly Career Doctors (ECDs) in Nigeria are faced with many individual and systemic problems, which consequently adversely affect their health, well-being, patient care and safety.ObjectiveThis study, the second phase of the Challenges of Residency Training and Early Career Doctors in Nigeria (CHARTING II) Study, sought to examine the risk factors and contributors to the health, well-being and burnout amongst Nigerian ECDs.MethodsThis was a study of health, well-being and burnout amongst Nigerian ECDs. Outcome variables included burnout, depression, and anxiety, which were respectively assessed using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) depression scale, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. The quantitative data obtained was analysed using the IBM SPSS, version 24. Associations between categorical outcome and independent variables were assessed using chi square, with level of significance set at ResultsThe mean body mass index (BMI), durations of smoking and alcohol consumption of the ECDs were 25.64 ± 4.43 kg/m2 (overweight range), 5.33 ± 5.65 years and 8.44 ± 6.43 years respectively. Less than a third (157, 26.9%) of the ECDs exercised regularly. The most common disease conditions affecting the ECDs were musculoskeletal (65/470, 13.8%) and cardiovascular diseases (39/548, 7.1%). Almost a third (192, 30.6%) of the ECDs reported experiencing anxiety. Male and lower cadre ECDs were more likely than female and higher cadre ECDs to report anxiety, burnout and depression.ConclusionThere is an urgent need to prioritize the health and well-being of Nigerian ECDs, so as to optimize patient care and improve Nigeria's healthcare indices