Transformation of the water runoff of the Volga River after the creation of the Zhiguli hydroelectric complex

For the Volga River, studies of interannual changes in water discharges in the period 1958-2021 were carried out. Systematic hydrological observations were carried out at the Zhiguli hydroelectric complex on the border of the Middle and Lower Volga. 97% of the water runoff of the entire Volga is regulated in this section in the seasonal, weekly and daily range. It was found that the average water flow was 7704 m3/s. The amplitude of interannual fluctuations was 5270-10431 m3/s. Temporal changes in the average annual water discharges were characterized by cyclicity, including the change of low-water and high-water phases. From 1958-1975 a low-water phase was observed, from 1976-1996 - high-water and since 1997-2021 - again shallow. A comparison of the historical (1877-1955) and modern (1958-2021) periods showed that over 144 years, the average water flow of the Volga River has not changed much. However, as a result of the regulation of water flow in the period 1958-2021 the value of water discharges in high-water years decreased, while in low-water years it increased

Transformation of the water runoff of the Volga River after the creation of the Zhiguli hydroelectric complex

For the Volga River, studies of interannual changes in water discharges in the period 1958-2021 were carried out. Systematic hydrological observations were carried out at the Zhiguli hydroelectric complex on the border of the Middle and Lower Volga. 97% of the water runoff of the entire Volga is regulated in this section in the seasonal, weekly and daily range. It was found that the average water flow was 7704 m3/s. The amplitude of interannual fluctuations was 5270-10431 m3/s. Temporal changes in the average annual water discharges were characterized by cyclicity, including the change of low-water and high-water phases. From 1958-1975 a low-water phase was observed, from 1976-1996 - high-water and since 1997-2021 - again shallow. A comparison of the historical (1877-1955) and modern (1958-2021) periods showed that over 144 years, the average water flow of the Volga River has not changed much. However, as a result of the regulation of water flow in the period 1958-2021 the value of water discharges in high-water years decreased, while in low-water years it increased

Beacons & Internet of Things : A design concept for contect-aware mobile interaction with beacons

Mobile technology is developing quickly and becomming a part of daily life and communication. Bluetooth Low Energy is presented as a new way of mobile interaction. However there are not enough studies in this field on the interaction between mobile devices and the physical world. In order to understand user needs, and to encourage users to interact, we simulated an interaction process through designing and testing a prototype in a specific indoor environment. Prototype effectiveness and main characteristics for future mobile application was evaluated through a qualitative user study with 20 participants who interacted with our prototype.Den mobila tekniken växer snabbt och blir en del av våra liv och vår kommunikation. BLE presenteras på ett nytt sätt inom mobilinteraktion. Det förekommer inte tillräckligt med studier inom området för interaktionen mellan mobila enheter och den fysiska världen. För att förstå användarbehov och få användare att interagera har vi simulerat en interaktiv process genom att designa och testa en prototyp i en specifik inomhusmiljö. Utvärdering av prototypens effektivitet och heuristiken har evaluerats genom en kvalitativ studie med 20 användare som har deltagit i interaktionen med vår prototyp.

Validation of 13 Hot and Potentially Terrestrial TESS Planets

The James Webb Space Telescope will be able to probe the atmospheres and surface properties of hot, terrestrial planets via emission spectroscopy. We identify 18 potentially terrestrial planet candidates detected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) that would make ideal targets for these observations. These planet candidates cover a broad range of planet radii (Rp ~ 0.6-2.0R⊕) and orbit stars of various magnitudes (Ks = 5.78-10.78, V = 8.4-15.69) and effective temperatures (Teff ~ 3000-6000 K). We use ground-based observations collected through the TESS Follow-up Observing Program (TFOP) and two vetting tools-DAVE and TRICERATOPS-to assess the reliabilities of these candidates as planets. We validate 13 planets: TOI-206 b, TOI-500 b, TOI-544 b, TOI-833 b, TOI-1075 b, TOI-1411 b, TOI-1442 b, TOI-1693 b, TOI-1860 b, TOI-2260 b, TOI-2411 b, TOI-2427 b, and TOI-2445 b. Seven of these planets (TOI-206 b, TOI-500 b, TOI-1075 b, TOI-1442 b, TOI-2260 b, TOI-2411 b, and TOI-2445 b) are ultra-short-period planets. TOI-1860 is the youngest (133 ± 26 Myr) solar twin with a known planet to date. TOI-2260 is a young (321 ± 96 Myr) G dwarf that is among the most metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.22 ± 0.06 dex) stars to host an ultra-short-period planet. With an estimated equilibrium temperature of ~2600 K, TOI-2260 b is also the fourth hottest known planet with Rp < 2 R⊕