Partial rupture of the quadriceps muscle in a child

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The quadriceps femoris muscle ruptures usually occur in the middle-aged population. We present a 4-year-old patient with partial rupture of the quadriceps femoris muscle. To our knowledge, this is the youngest patient reported with a quadriceps femoris muscle rupture.</p> <p>Case Presentation</p> <p>A 4-year-old girl admitted to our clinic with left knee pain and limitation in knee movements. Her father reported that she felt pain while jumping on sofa. There was no direct trauma to thigh or knee. We located a palpable soft tissue swelling at distal anterolateral side of thigh. The history revealed that 10 days ago the patient was treated for upper tract respiratory infection with intramuscular Clindamycin for 7 days. When we consulted the patient with her previous doctor and nurse, we learnt that multiple daily injections might be injected to same side of left thigh. MRI showed a partial tear of vastus lateralis muscle matching with the injection sites. The patient treated with long leg half-casting for three weeks. Clinical examination and knee flexion had good results with conservative treatment.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Multiple intramuscular injections may contribute to damage muscles and make prone to tears with muscle contractions. Doctors and nurses must be cautious to inject from different parts of both thighs.</p

Evaluation of Results of Conservative Therapy in Patients with Transient Osteoporosis of Hip

   The aim of this study to evaluate general characteristics of 18 cases with transient osteoporosis of the hip(TOH) in our hospital within 3-year and to present their follow-up results after conservative treatment. Physical examination and laboratory findings, hip graphs and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), Harris hip scores(HHSs), and treatment and follow-up results of cases were retrospectively evaluated. The mean duration of complaints of 6 females and 12 males was 6.1±2.7 weeks before the treatment. Only hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy and a pair of Canadian crutches, but no medical therapy, were recommended for three female patients since they were on breastfeeding. As a standard management, other patients were protected from weight-bearing with Canadian crutches and underwent medical therapy with diclofenac sodium, acetylsalicylic acid, risedronate sodium and an additional HBO therapy. HHS increased from 55.6±7.8 to 88.8±5.8 on the 3rd month and to 96.0±1.8 on the 6th month after the treatment. Change in score with time was found significant.

Evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a marker of inflammatory response in septic arthritis

Is neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio high in patients with septic arthritis? Septic arthritis may lead to higher rates of morbidity or even mortality if not diagnosed on time. This study was planned to answer the question that “Could neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio be utilized to help to diagnose septic arthritis?” The cohort of the study consisted of 39 patients diagnosed with septic arthritis. After ruling out the patients who did not meet the research’s inclusion criteria, the data of 26 patients were evaluated. The control group was collected from healthy volunteers who were admitted to the internal medicine outpatient clinic for a routine medical checkup at the same period (n = 26). Complete blood count (CBC) parameters, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios of the septic arthritis and control groups were compared statistically. In comparison, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios of the septic arthritis group were significantly higher than the control group. In conclusion, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio can be utilized in the emergency department or in outpatient clinics to support the diagnosis of septic arthritis

Treatment of a chemical industry effluent by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis

Advanced filtration processes, namely nanofiltration (NO) and reverse osmosis (RO), can produce high-quality permeate from industrial effluents for a safe discharge or water reuse. In the present study, a biologically treated complex chemical industry wastewater was dead-end filtered through commercial NE and RO membranes. Dow Filmtec NF270, NE90, BW30 and SW30 membranes and Lewabrane RO B090 membrane were tested either separately or sequentially by NE followed by RO. Filtration through NF270 decreased chemical oxygen demand, color and conductivity from 202 mg/L, 222 Pt-Co and 10,150 mu S/cm to 110 mg/L, 46 Pt-Co and 5,700 mu S/cm, respectively. NE membrane mainly removed organic matter and divalent ions. RO membrane BW30 further removed these parameters as well as monovalent ions and thereby significantly decreased conductivity to 1,914 mu S/cm. A secondary BW30 further decreased conductivity to 582 mu S/cm for water reuse in industry. NE membranes served as pretreatment for RO membranes preventing fouling. Satisfactory membrane permeabilities were obtained as 2.2 LMH/bar for NF270 at 70% water recovery and 1.2 LMH/bar for the succeeding BW30 at 50% recovery at 15 bar filtration pressure. The study showed that sequential NE RO process can successfully produce reusable permeates from a biologically pretreated chemical industry effluent

Production of the biomimetic small diameter blood vessels for cardiovascular tissue engineering

A novel biomimetic vascular graft scaffolds were produced by electrospinning method with the most superior characteristics to be a proper biomimetic small diameter blood vessel using Polycaprolactone(PCL), Ethyl Cellulose(EC) and Collagen Type-1 were used to create the most convenient synergy of a natural and synthetic polymer to achieve similarity to native small diameter blood vessels. Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry Analysis(DSC), tensile measurement tests, and in-vitro and in-vivo applications were performed. Results indicated significant properties such as having 39.33 nm minimum, 104.98 nm average fiber diameter, 3.2 MPa young modulus and 135% relative cell viability