D4.1 Status: legal/regulatory barriers for transboundary CO2 ship transport

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Preem CCS - Synthesis of main project findings and insights

The Preem-CCS project was a Swedish-Norwegian collaboration that investigated CO2 capture from the Preem refineries in Sweden, and subsequent ship transport of captured CO2 for permanent storage on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The project was conducted from early 2019 to beginning of 2022 and funding was provided by the Norwegian CLIMIT-Demo program via Gassnova, by the Swedish Energy Agency and by the participating industry and research partners (Preem, Aker Carbon Capture, SINTEF Energy Research, Chalmers University of Technology, and Equinor).This report summarizes the key findings of the project activities listed below:\ua0 -\ua0Pilot-scale testing of CO2 capture at the hydrogen production unit (HPU) at the Lysekil refinery using the Aker Carbon Capture (ACC) mobile test unit (MTU)\ua0 -\ua0In-depth investigation of energy efficiency opportunities along the CCS chain, including the use of residual heat at the Lysekil refinery site to satisfy the energy requirements for solvent regeneration\ua0 -\ua0Evaluation of the technical feasibility and cost evaluation of the CCS chain including CO2 capture and transportation by ship to storage facilities off the Norwegian west coast\ua0 -\ua0Investigation of relevant legal and regulatory aspects related to trans-border CO2 transport and storage and national emissions reduction commitments in Norway and SwedenThe report also discusses the next steps towards implementation of CCS at Preem refineries in Lysekil and Gothenburg

D4.1 Status: legal/regulatory barriers for transboundary CO2 ship transport

publishedVersio

D4.2 Legal and regulatory framework for Swedish/Norwegian CCS cooperation

A description is provided of the legal/regulatory situation, as of early December 2021, for CO2 transport from Sweden/Preem AB to Norway/Northern Lights. CO2 transport from Sweden to Norway for the purpose of geological storage under the seabed is since 2019 legal, thanks to the provisional application of the amended Article 6 of the London Protocol, provided that the necessary unilateral declarations are deposited from Norway and Sweden to IMO and that Sweden and Norway enter a bilateral agreement on the matter. Economic incentives for CCS include the EU-ETS for fossil CO2 and the Swedish support for Bio-CCS through reverse auctioning

D4.2 Legal and regulatory framework for Swedish/Norwegian CCS cooperation

A description is provided of the legal/regulatory situation, as of early December 2021, for CO2 transport from Sweden/Preem AB to Norway/Northern Lights. CO2 transport from Sweden to Norway for the purpose of geological storage under the seabed is since 2019 legal, thanks to the provisional application of the amended Article 6 of the London Protocol, provided that the necessary unilateral declarations are deposited from Norway and Sweden to IMO and that Sweden and Norway enter a bilateral agreement on the matter. Economic incentives for CCS include the EU-ETS for fossil CO2 and the Swedish support for Bio-CCS through reverse auctioning.publishedVersio

Preem CCS – A Pioneering Swedish-Norwegian Collaboration Showcasing the Full CCS Chain

This paper presents an overview of the Preem CCS project, a co-funded Swedish-Norwegian R&D initiative. The project aims to demonstrate CO2 capture at Preem\u27s refinery in Lysekil, Sweden and investigating the techno-economic and regulatory aspects of capturing CO2 at the refinery in Sweden and transporting the CO2 cross borders to Norway for final storage with the Northern Lights infrastructure. The Preem CCS project started in 2019 and is due to finish by the end of 2021

Legal and regulatory framework for Swedish/Norwegian CCS cooperation

A description is provided of the legal/regulatory situation, as of early December 2021, for CO2 transport from Sweden/Preem AB to Norway/Northern Lights.CO2 transport from Sweden to Norway for the purpose of geological storage under the seabed is since 2019 legal, thanks to the provisional application of the amended Article 6 of the London Protocol, provided that the necessary unilateral declarations are deposited from Norway and Sweden to IMO and that Sweden and Norway enter a bilateral agreement on the matter.Economic incentives for CCS include the EU-ETS for fossil CO2 and the Swedish support for Bio-CCS through reverse auctioning

Lessons learned from the Preem-CCS project – a pioneering Swedish-Norwegian collaboration showcasing the full CCS chain

This paper presents the key findings of the Preem-CCS project, a co-funded Swedish-Norwegian R&D collaboration that investigated CO2 capture from the Preem refineries in Sweden, and subsequent ship transport of captured CO2 for permanent storage on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The project was conducted 2019-2022 and accomplished: 1) the on-site pilot scale demonstration of amine-based CO2 absorption using Aker Carbon Capture’s mobile test unit (MTU), 2) an in-depth investigation of energy-efficient heat supply for CO2 capture, 3) a detailed techno-economic evaluation of a feasible carbon capture and storage (CCS) chain (from CO2 capture in Sweden to ship transport to Norway), and 4) an investigation of relevant legal and regulatory aspects of trans-border CO2 transport between Sweden and Norway