Abnormal ECG Findings in Athletes: Clinical Evaluation and Considerations.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pre-participation cardiovascular evaluation with electrocardiography is normal practice for most sporting bodies. Awareness about sudden cardiac death in athletes and recognizing how screening can help identify vulnerable athletes have empowered different sporting disciplines to invest in the wellbeing of their athletes. RECENT FINDINGS: Discerning physiological electrical alterations due to athletic training from those representing cardiac pathology may be challenging. The mode of investigation of affected athletes is dependent on the electrical anomaly and the disease(s) in question. This review will highlight specific pathological ECG patterns that warrant assessment and surveillance, together with an in-depth review of the recommended algorithm for evaluation

Electrochemistry of LiV3O8 nanoparticles made by flame spray pyrolysis

LiV3O8 nanoparticles (primary particles with ca. 50 nm diameter) have been synthesized by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP). The powder was characterised by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and galvanostatic cycling. The initial discharge capacity of the LiV3O8 nanoparticles is 271 mAh g-1 when discharged from its open-circuit potential to 2.0 V vs Li/Li+ at a specific current of 100 mA g-1 under ambient conditions. The nanoparticles retained a specific discharge capacity of 180 mAh g-1 beyond 50 cycles. This paper describes the synthesis route as well as the characterizations of the FSP-produced LiV3O8 nanoparticles

Flame spray-pyrolyzed vanadium oxide nanoparticles for lithium battery cathodes

Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanoparticles (30–60 nm) were made by a one-step and scalable flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) process. Optimization of the FSP processing conditions (precursor concentration and injection rate) enhanced the electrochemical performance of these nanoparticles. Increasing the cut-off potential for discharging from 1.5 to 2.5 V vs. Li/Li+ improved the cycle life of these V2O5 nanoparticles. Particles with the lowest specific surface area (32 m2 g−1) and highest phase purity (up to 98 wt%) showed excellent cyclability between 2.5 and 4.0 V vs. Li/Li+, retaining a specific charge of 110 mAh g−1 beyond 100 cycles at a specific current of 100 mA g−1, and also superior specific charge of 100 mAh g−1 at specific current up to 20C rate (or 2000 mA g−1)