Study of psuedomomas aeroginosa resistance to Ceftizidim and Imipenem in Kermanshah Imam reza hospital during 2006-2011

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important organisms of nosocomial infections that can cause a wide range of infections in immunocompromised patients. Therefor, in this research we studied the antibiotic resistant of this important organism against Ceftazidime and Imipenem as the most important drugs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Materials and Methods: All specimen of blood, urine, liquids and… submitted to the laboratory of kermanshah Imam Reza hospital for culture during 5years ( 2006-2011) were selected and cultured on EMB,BA,and differential media.After the diagnosis and isolation of Psuedomomas aeroginosa , antibiogram profile of the bacteria was determined by disk-diffusion test (Kirby-Bauer) and interpreted according to NCCL standards . Results: During five years,364 Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated in this center. The highest incidencewas isolated from urine samples(51/5 %). The results showed that the the rate of Ceftazidime and Imipenem resistance was 56 % and 24.7 % respectively. This results reveal an annual increased rate of resistancy. Conclusion: It was observed in this study that the rate of resistance to these two antibiotics has increased during last five years which is in accordance with studies done in the region and neighbor countries, but it shows a significant difference with the studies done in of the industrial countries. This matter indicates the importance of proper use of these antibiotics in developing countries

Functional brain abnormalities localized in 55 chronic tinnitus patients: fusion of SPECT coincidence imaging and MRI

Tinnitus is often defined as the perception of sounds or noise in the absence of any external auditory stimuli. The pathophysiology of subjective idiopathic tinnitus remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional brain activities and possible involved cerebral areas in subjective idiopathic tinnitus patients by means of single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) coincidence imaging, which was fused with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this cross-sectional study, 56 patients (1 subject excluded) with subjective tinnitus and 8 healthy controls were enrolled. After intravenous injection of 5 mCi F18-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose), all subjects underwent a brain SPECT coincidence scan, which was then superimposed on their MRIs. In the eight regions of interest (middle temporal, inferotemporal, medial temporal, lateral temporal, temporoparietal, frontal, frontoparietal, and parietal areas), the more pronounced values were represented in medial temporal, inferotemporal, and temporoparietal areas, which showed more important proportion of associative auditory cortices in functional attributions of tinnitus than primary auditory cortex. Brain coincidence SPECT scan, when fused on MRI is a valuable technique in the assessment of patients with tinnitus and could show the significant role of different regions of central nervous system in functional attributions of tinnitus