Pigmentos indicadores: caracterización de la comunidad fitoplanctónica en ecosistemas marinos costeros

Las aguas costeras y estuarinas se caracterizan por una gran variabilidad, espacial y temporal, en sus características hidrológicas, físicas y químicas, que se refleja en la complejidad de la dinámica de sus comunidades fitoplanctónicas. Además, las zonas costeras están sometidas a una elevada presión antrópica, cuyo principal efecto es el aumento de los aportes de nutrientes de origen terrestre a las aguas receptoras, en las que puede llegar a provocar problemas de eutrofización. El objetivo de esta tesis es caracterizar la variabilidad espacial de las comunidades fitoplanctónicas en aguas costeras y de transición caracterizadas por distintas fuentes de entrada de nutrientes. Obtener información sobre el funcionamiento de estos ecosistemas es necesario para orientar las medidas de gestión necesarias para mejorar la calidad de sus aguas. En la presente tesis se realiza la clasificación taxonómica del fitoplancton con el software CHEMTAX a partir de las concentraciones de pigmentos fotosintéticos halladas por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución en muestras de aguas costeras. Frente a las técnicas tradicionales de microscopía, esta metodología presenta una serie de ventajas entre las que cabe destacar el menor coste, la mayor rapidez y precisión. Además, se realiza una primera aproximación al uso de imágenes de satélite de alta resolución espacial, para estimar los niveles de clorofila a, parámetro indicador de la biomasa fitoplanctónica. La principal ventaja de esta técnica es que permite obtener una visión sinóptica de una determinada zona de estudio que no es posible obtener con las técnicas tradicionales de muestreo. Las características que presentan estas técnicas hacen de ellas buenas candidatas para las exigencias de monitoreo de la Directiva Marco del Agua. Los resultados de esta tesis indican que los principales problemas de calidad de aguas se dan en las áreas con un menor intercambio y dilución con el mar. En la presente tesis estas áreas están repSebastiá Frasquet, MT. (2012). Pigmentos indicadores: caracterización de la comunidad fitoplanctónica en ecosistemas marinos costeros [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/16001Palanci

Nutrient and Phytoplankton Analysis of a Mediterranean Coastal Area

Identifying and quantifying the key anthropogenic nutrient input sources are essential to adopting management measures that can target input for maximum effect in controlling the phytoplankton biomass. In this study, three systems characterized by distinctive main nutrient sources were sampled along a Mediterranean coast transect. These sources were groundwater discharge in the Ahuir area, the Serpis river discharge in the Venecia area, and a submarine wastewater outfall 1,900 m from the coast. The study area includes factors considered important in determining a coastal area as a sensitive area: it has significant nutrient sources, tourism is a major source of income in the region, and it includes an area of high water residence time (Venecia area) which is affected by the harbor facilities and by wastewater discharges. We found that in the Ahuir and the submarine wastewater outfall areas, the effects of freshwater inputs were reduced because of a greater water exchange with the oligotrophic Mediterranean waters. On the other hand, in the Venecia area, the highest levels of nutrient concentration and phytoplankton biomass were attributed to the greatest water residence time. In this enclosed area, harmful dinoflagellates were detected (Alexandrium sp. and Dinophysis caudata). If the planned enlargement of the Gandia Harbor proceeds, it may increase the vulnerability of this system and provide the proper conditions of confinement for the dinoflagellate blooms' development. Management measures should first target phosphorus inputs as this is the most potential-limiting nutrient in the Venecia area and comes from a point source that is easier to control. Finally, we recommend that harbor environmental management plans include regular monitoring of water quality in adjacent waters to identify adverse phytoplankton community changes.We would like to thank Simon Wright and Harry Higgins for providing the CHEMTAX software and helpful comments. We would like also to thank Mikel Latasa for his help with the CHEMTAX program. We are very grateful to the anonymous reviewers whose accurate revision contributed to improving the original manuscript. This research was supported by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.Sebastiá Frasquet, MT.; Rodilla Alama, M. (2013). Nutrient and Phytoplankton Analysis of a Mediterranean Coastal Area. Environmental Management. 51(1):225-240. doi:10.1007/s00267-012-9986-3S225240511Aminot A, Chaussepied M (1983) Manuel des analyses chimiques en milieu marin. CNEXO, Brest, p 396Angelidis MO, Kamizoulis G (2005) A rapid decision-making method for the evaluation of pollution-sensitive coastal areas in the mediterranean sea. Environ Manage 35(6):811–820APV (2009) Memoria Anual 2009. Autoridad Portuaria de Valencia. http://www.valenciaport.com . Accessed 12 Oct 2011APV (2011) Anteproyecto de ampliación del puerto de Gandía revisado con las medidas correctoras propuestas por la Dirección General de Sostenibilidad de la Costa y el Mar. Autoridad Portuaria de Valencia & Berenguer Ingenieros, p 1125Artioli Y, Friedrich J, Gilbert AJ, McQuatters-Gollop A, Mee LD, Vermaat JE, Wulff F, Humborg C, Palmeri L, Pollehne F (2008) Nutrient budgets for European seas: a measure of the effectiveness of nutrient reduction policies. Mar Pollut Bull 56:1609–1617Ballesteros-Navarro BJ (2003) Estado y evolución de los procesos de intrusión marina en la unidad hidrogeológica 08.38. Plana de Gandía-Denia (Valencia-Alicante, España). In: Lopez Geta JA, de la Orden JA, Gomez JD, Ramos G, Mejías M, Rodríguez L (eds) Tecnología de la intrusión de agua de mar en acuíferos costeros: países mediterráneos. IGME, Madrid, pp 585–595Cartaxana P, Mendes CR, Brotas V (2009) Phytoplankton and ecological assessment of brackish and freshwater coastal lagoons in the Algarve, Portugal. Lakes Reserv Res Manage 14:221–230CEDEX (1997) Atlas de Clima Marítimo. Dpto. Clima Marítimo (Puertos del Estado). Centro de Estudios de Puertos y Costas, MadridChan TU, Hamilton DP (2001) Effect of freshwater flow on the succession and biomass of phytoplankton in a seasonal estuary. Mar Freshw Res 52(6):869–884CIESM (2010) Phytoplankton responses to Mediterranean environmental changes. In: Briand F (ed) N° 40 in CIESM workshop monographs. CIESM, MonacoConley DJ (2002) Terrestrial ecosystems and the global biogeochemical silica cycle. 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Conselleria de Cultura y Educación. Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, p 239Higgins HW, Wright SW, Schlüter L (2011) Quantitative interpretation of chemotaxonomic pigment data. In: Roy S, Llewellyn CA, Egeland ES, Johnsen G (eds) Phytoplankton pigments: characterization, chemotaxonomy, and applications in oceanography. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 257–313Hooker SB, Claustre H, Ras J, Van Heukelem L, Berthon JF, Targa C, van der Linde D, Barlow R, Sessions H (2000) The JRC method. In: Hooker SB, Firestone ER (eds) The first SeaWiFS HPLC analysis round-robin experiment (SeaHARRE-1). NASA Technical Memorandum 2000-206892, vol 14. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, p 42IET (2010) Balance del turismo en España en 2009. http://www.iet.tourspain.es . Accessed 12 Oct 2011INE (2009) Hotel industry and tourism. http://www.ine.es . Accessed 12 Oct 2011Latasa M (2007) Improving estimations of phytoplankton class abundances using CHEMTAX. 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Ámbito territorial de la Confederación Hidrográfica del Júcar. http://www.phjucar.com/docs/DTR/DTR_Masas_CHJ_Ed10.pdf . Accessed 7 May 2012Mösso C, Sierra JP, Rodilla M, Romero I, Falco S, González del Río J, Sánchez-Arcilla A (2008) High vertical resolution sampling in density interfaces of estuaries and river plumes. Estuar Coast 31:258–268Olivos A, Masó M, Camp J (2002) Continental runoff of nutrients and their possible influence over stoichiometric ratios (DIN:P:Si) in the northeastern Mediterranean waters of Spain (Catalan Sea). Cienc Mar 28:393–406OSPAR (2003) OSPAR Integrated report 2003 on the eutrophication status of the OSPAR maritime area based upon the first application of the comprehensive procedure. OSPAR Commission, LondonPaerl HW (2006) Assessing and managing nutrient-enhanced eutrophication in estuarine and coastal waters: interactive effects of human and climatic perturbations. 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Analysis of the effects of wet and dry seasons on a Mediterranean river basin: consequences for coastal waters and its quality management

Rivers play a major role in the delivery of nutrients to coastal ecosystems which are essential for ecosystem productivity. However, the increase of nutrients due to anthropogenic activities can cause eutrophication problems. This study analyzes the seasonal variation of phytoplankton communities in the coastal receiving waters of a Mediterranean river. Two scenarios are compared: the wet and the dry season with distinctive characteristics. During the wet season agricultural runoff and combined sewer overflows (CSO) were responsible for nutrient discharges, while during the dry season partially treated effluent from wastewater was the main nutrient source. In the receiving waters, diatoms typical seasonal cycle was modified by CSO discharges during rain episodes, while dinoflagellate abundance was higher in the dry season due to partially treated effluents discharges and low turbulence. We recommend that the design of the Water Framework Directive monitoring programs should take into account wastewater treatment plants and combined sewer systems located near the coast. Management decisions should take into account that only reductions in CSO and partially treated summer effluent are likely to be efficient in the short term. Analyzing the corrective measures cost through a cost-benefit analysis would help to determine whether the costs are excessive or not.Sebastiá Frasquet, MT.; Rodilla Alamá, M.; Falco Giaccaglia, SL.; Sanchís Blay, JA. (2013). Analysis of the effects of wet and dry seasons on a Mediterranean river basin: consequences for coastal waters and its quality management. Ocean and Coastal Management. 78(3):45-55. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2013.03.012S455578

¿Satisfecho con el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos?

[EN] Project Based Learning (PBL) is an active learning methodology that is being used for students to learn collaboratively and cooperatively, fostering their motivation, and achieving deep learning. In this research we do not focus only on whether with this methodology we achieve what we want as teachers, and we have managed to motivate them, but also on whether students feel satisfied. This methodology has been applied in subjects of the environmental science area, and our results show that the students felt very satisfied, as demonstrated by the satisfaction questionnaire used "Student Evaluation of Educational Quality" (SEEQ). Their interest in the subjects increased and they were motivated to participate in class and to work as a team. In addition, the students consider that the evaluation method implicit in the methodology is equitable, fair, and adequate. However, the PBL can lead to an increase in the workload and the difficulty of the subject, aspects that must be considered so as not to overload the student. The general assessment, which evaluates the teacher, the methodology and the subject in a comprehensive manner, is extraordinary.[ES] El Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) es una metodología de aprendizaje activa que está siendo usada para que los estudiantes aprendan de manera colaborativa y cooperativa, fomentando su motivación y logrando que alcancen un aprendizaje profundo. En esta investigación no nos centramos solamente en si con esta metodología conseguimos lo que deseamos como docentes, y hemos conseguido motivarles, sino también en si los estudiantes se sienten satisfechos.Nuestros resultados demuestran que los estudiantes se sintieron muy satisfechos con esta metodología, como así lo demostró el cuestionario de satisfacción utilizado "Student Evaluation of Educational Quality" (SEEQ).El interés por las asignaturas aumentó y se consiguió motivarles a participar en clase y a trabajar en equipo. Además, los estudiantes consideran que el método de evaluación implícito en la metodología es equitativo, justo y adecuado. Sin embargo, el ABP puede conllevar un aumento de la carga de trabajo y de la dificultad de la asignatura, aspectos que deben tenerse presentes para no sobrecargar al estudiante. La valoración general, que evalúa al profesor, la metodología y la asignatura de manera integral, es extraordinaria.El proyecto de innovación y mejora educativa en el que se enmarca esta comunicación ha recibido el apoyo económico del Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación (ICE) de la Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) Proyecto de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (PIME/19-20/174), “Objetivo Agenda 2030 y UPV 2020: Aprendizaje ambiental profundo en la UPV”.Romero Gil, I.; Pachés Giner, MAV.; Hernández Crespo, C.; Sebastiá Frasquet, MT. (2021). ¿Satisfecho con el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos?. En IN-RED 2021: VII Congreso de Innovación Edicativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1160-1170. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2021.2021.13440OCS1160117

Influence of nutrient inputs from a wetland dominated by agriculture on the phytoplankton community in a shallow harbour at the Spanish Mediterranean coast

[EN] The Safor Wetland (Western Mediterranean) is a protected ecosystem declared Site of Community Importance under the Habitats Directive. Agricultural practices have been part of this ecosystem throughout history, and its hydrology is anthropogenically manipulated to satisfy cultivation needs. Freshwater from the wetland is discharged through surface channels to Gandia Harbour, a shallow water body with high water residence time. This study evaluated the linear eutrophication gradient downstream from the freshwater inflow locations. The role of the main nutrients in determining the phytoplankton community is discussed. The predominance of agricultural practices, 48% of the watershed soil, caused an excess of nitrogen and an imbalance in the nutrient ratios at all the sampling points. Phosphorus concentrations were particularly low, and did not exceed 1.0 ¿M. Chlorophyll-a concentration was of the order of that found in other eutrophic estuarine waters. In general, flagellates dominated over diatoms at all the harbour sampling points and depths. Potentially blooming species of both phytoplankton groups were detected. The correct implementation of the existing agricultural best management practices should continue to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loading to the estuary. It seems reasonable that for effective control of the eutrophication effects in this area, strict control over wastewater point sources should be also exercised. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.Sebastiá Frasquet, MT.; Rodilla Alamá, M.; Sanchís Blay, JA.; Altur Grau, VJ.; Gadea Pérez, MI.; Falco Giaccaglia, SL. (2012). Influence of nutrient inputs from a wetland dominated by agriculture on the phytoplankton community in a shallow harbour at the Spanish Mediterranean coast. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT. 152(3):10-20. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2012.02.006S1020152

Estimation of chlorophyll «A» on the Mediterranean coast using a QuickBird image

Remote sensing has proved a useful tool for monitoring and assessing water quality. However, little research has been conducted using satellite images with high spatial resolution to analyze coastal areas with high variability near shore. The objective of this research was to develop a model for estimating chlorophyll-a concentration on the Gandia coast (Western Mediterranean) by means of a high resolution QuickBird image. Several linear regressions were calculated to find the best chlorophyll-a model. The optimal model was found when blue and red bands were used. The retrieval accuracy (R2 ) was 0.92, while the root mean square (RMSE) was 0.34 mg/m3 . The selected model was validated with an independent data set and the estimation of chlorophyll-a was reasonably accurate (R2= 0.90). The results obtained in this study suggest that using a QuickBird sensor is an effective technique for monitoring the ecological status of coastal areas with an inherent high variability.La teledetección ha demostrado ser una herramienta útil para el monitoreo y la evaluación de la calidad del agua. Sin embargo, pocas investigaciones se han llevado a cabo utilizando imágenes de satélite con alta resolución espacial para analizar las zonas costeras con alta variabilidad cerca de la costa. El objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar un modelo para estimar la concentración de clorofila-a en la costa de Gandia (Mediterráneo occidental) por medio de una imagen de alta resolución QuickBird. Varias regresiones lineales se calcularon para encontrar el mejor modelo de clorofila- a. El modelo óptimo se obtuvo cuando se utilizaron las bandas 1 (azul) y 3 (rojo) con un valor del coeficiente de determinación (R2) de 0,92, mientras que el error medio cuadrático (RMSE) fue de 0,34 mg/m3. Se validó el modelo seleccionado mediante un conjunto de datos independientes obteniendo un valor de R2 de 0,90. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio sugieren que el uso del sensor Quick-Bird puede ser una técnica eficaz para el seguimiento del estado ecológico de las zonas costeras con una alta variabilidad inherente.Sebastiá Frasquet, MT.; Estornell Cremades, J.; Rodilla Alamá, M.; Marti Gavila, J.; Falco Giaccaglia, SL. (2012). Estimation of chlorophyll «A» on the Mediterranean coast using a QuickBird image. Revista de Teledetección. (37):23-33. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/36141S23333

Wetland Planning: Current Problems and Environmental Management Proposals at Supra-Municipal Scale (Spanish Mediterranean Coast)

The policies that define the use and management of wetlands in Spain have undergone tremendous changes in recent decades. During the period of 1950 1980, Land Reform Plans promoted filling and draining of these areas for agricultural use. In 1986, with the incorporation of Spain to the European Union (EU), there was a sudden change of direction in these policies, which, thereafter, pursued restoring and protecting these ecosystems. This change, combined with increasing urban development and infrastructure pressures (e.g., roads, golf courses, etc.), creates a conflict of uses which complicates the management of these ecosystems by local governments. This study analyzes the effectiveness of policies and management tools of important coastal wetlands at the local scale in the Valencian Community (Western Mediterranean Sea) using a strengths-weaknesses-opportunities-threats (SWOT) methodology. A supra-municipal model of environmental planning is proposed to enable consistent management at a regional scale. This model enhances local government s effectiveness and it can be applied in other areas with similar problems.Sebastiá-Frasquet, M.; Altur Grau, VJ.; Sanchís Blay, JA. (2014). Wetland Planning: Current Problems and Environmental Management Proposals at Supra-Municipal Scale (Spanish Mediterranean Coast). Water. 6(3):620-641. doi:10.3390/w6030620S62064163Myers, S. C., Clarkson, B. R., Reeves, P. N., & Clarkson, B. D. (2013). Wetland management in New Zealand: Are current approaches and policies sustaining wetland ecosystems in agricultural landscapes? Ecological Engineering, 56, 107-120. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.097Maltby, E., Acreman, M., Blackwell, M. S. A., Everard, M., & Morris, J. (2013). The challenges and implications of linking wetland science to policy in agricultural landscapes – experience from the UK National Ecosystem Assessment. Ecological Engineering, 56, 121-133. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.086Sebastiá, M.-T., Rodilla, M., Sanchis, J.-A., Altur, V., Gadea, I., & Falco, S. (2012). Influence of nutrient inputs from a wetland dominated by agriculture on the phytoplankton community in a shallow harbour at the Spanish Mediterranean coast. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 152, 10-20. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2012.02.006Amezaga, J. M., & Santamaría, L. (2000). Wetland connectedness and policy fragmentation: Steps towards a sustainable European wetland policy. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere, 25(7-8), 635-640. doi:10.1016/s1464-1909(00)00077-0Durigon, D., Hickey, G. M., & Kosoy, N. (2012). Assessing national wetland policies’ portrayal of wetlands: Public resources or private goods? Ocean & Coastal Management, 58, 36-46. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2011.12.008Xie, Z., Xu, L., Duan, X., & Xu, X. (2012). Analysis of boundary adjustments and land use policy change – A case study of Tianjin Palaeocoast and Wetland National Natural Reserve, China. Ocean & Coastal Management, 56, 56-63. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2011.06.010Kim, S. G. (2010). The evolution of coastal wetland policy in developed countries and Korea. Ocean & Coastal Management, 53(9), 562-569. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.06.017Cools, J., Johnston, R., Hattermann, F. F., Douven, W., & Zsuffa, I. (2013). Tools for wetland management: Lessons learnt from a comparative assessment. Environmental Science & Policy, 34, 138-145. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2013.01.013La gestión de los humedales en la política de aguas en España http://www.unizar.es/fnca/varios/panel/14.pdfFletcher, S., Kawabe, M., & Rewhorn, S. (2011). Wetland conservation and sustainable coastal governance in Japan and England. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(5), 956-962. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.02.048Sebastiá, M.-T., Rodilla, M., Falco, S., & Sanchis, J.-A. (2013). Analysis of the effects of wet and dry seasons on a Mediterranean river basin: Consequences for coastal waters and its quality management. Ocean & Coastal Management, 78, 45-55. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2013.03.012Coman, A., & Ronen, B. (2009). Focused SWOT: diagnosing critical strengths and weaknesses. International Journal of Production Research, 47(20), 5677-5689. doi:10.1080/00207540802146130Terrados, J., Almonacid, G., & Pérez-Higueras, P. (2009). Proposal for a combined methodology for renewable energy planning. Application to a Spanish region. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(8), 2022-2030. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2009.01.025Mylopoulos, Y., Kolokytha, E., Kampragou, E., & Vagiona, D. (2007). A Combined Methodology for Transboundary River Basin Management in Europe. Application in The Nestos–Mesta Catchment Area. Water Resources Management, 22(8), 1101-1112. doi:10.1007/s11269-007-9214-8Chermack, T. J., & Kasshanna, B. K. (2007). The Use and Misuse of SWOT Analysis and Implications for HRD Professionals. Human Resource Development International, 10(4), 383-399. doi:10.1080/13678860701718760Wattage, P., & Mardle, S. (2005). Stakeholder preferences towards conservation versus development for a wetland in Sri Lanka. Journal of Environmental Management, 77(2), 122-132. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.03.006Serrano Giné, D. (2012). Los humedales Ramsar en España: reflexiones a propósito de su trigésimo aniversario. Investigaciones Geográficas, (57), 129-148. doi:10.14198/ingeo2012.57.06Fornés, J., Rodríguez, J. A., Hernández, N., & Llamas, M. R. (2000). Possible solutions to avoid conflicts between water resources development and wetland conservation in the «La Mancha Húmeda» biosphere reserve (Spain). Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere, 25(7-8), 623-627. doi:10.1016/s1464-1909(00)00075-

Herramientas de trabajo colaborativo para la dinamización de la competencia transversal responsabilidad ética, medioambiental y profesional

[EN] This article analyzes the experience of using different collaborative work tools to dynamize the tasks that help to acquire and improve key competence ethical, environmental and professional responsibility. The selected tools are integrated in the learning management system (LMS), PoliformaT, of the Universitat Politècnica de València. In particular, we have worked with the forum and the wiki, and the blog which is integrated in Poliblogs. In this experience three Bachelor degrees and a Master degree of engineering and life sciences have been involved: Bachelor's Degree in Environmental Sciences, Bachelor's Degree in Rural and Agrifood Engineering, Bachelor's Degree in Mechanical Engineering and Master's Degree in Design Engineering. The results show that the students value the experience satisfactorily thanks to the virtual interaction with other colleagues and they highlight the extra motivation offered by the use of these tools. It is noteworthy that to obtain good results there are two key elements: 1) clear rules of operation and evaluation and 2) high participation of the teacher as moderator.[ES] En el presente artículo se analiza la experiencia de uso de distintas herramientas de trabajo colaborativo para dinamizar las tareas que ayudan a adquirir y mejorar la competencia transversal responsabilidad ética, medioambiental y profesional. Las herramientas seleccionadas están integradas en la plataforma de gestión del aprendizaje, poliformat, de la Universitat Politècnica de València. En particular hemos trabajado con el foro y la wiki, además de con el blog integrado en Poliblogs. En esta experiencia han participado tres titulaciones de Grado y un Máster de ingeniería y ciencias de la vida: Grado en Ciencias Ambientales, Grado en Ingeniería Agroalimentaria y del Medio Rural, Grado en Ingeniería Mecánica, y Máster Universitario en Ingeniería del Diseño. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el alumnado valora satisfactoriamente la experiencia gracias a la interacción virtual con otros compañeros y destacan la motivación extra que les ofrece el uso de estas herramientas. Es destacable que para la obtención de buenos resultados hay dos elementos clave: 1) Normas claras de funcionamiento y evaluación y 2) Alta participación del profesor como moderador.Sebastiá Frasquet, MT.; Asensio Cuesta, S.; Gasch Molina, MI.; Pascual Seva, N.; Vargas Colás, MD. (2017). Herramientas de trabajo colaborativo para la dinamización de la competencia transversal responsabilidad ética, medioambiental y profesional. En In-Red 2017. III Congreso Nacional de innovación educativa y de docencia en red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1256-1266. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2017.2017.6827OCS1256126

Sentinel 2 Analysis of Turbidity Patterns in a Coastal Lagoon

[EN] Coastal lagoons are transitional ecosystems with complex spatial and temporal variability. Remote sensing tools are essential for monitoring and unveiling their variability. Turbidity is a water quality parameter used for studying eutrophication and sediment transport. The objective of this research is to analyze the monthly turbidity pattern in a shallow coastal lagoon along two years with different precipitation regimes. The selected study area is the Albufera de Valencia lagoon (Spain). For this purpose, we used Sentinel 2 images and in situ data from the monitoring program of the Environment General Subdivision of the regional government. We obtained Sentinel 2A and 2B images for years 2017 and 2018 and processed them with SNAP software. The results of the correlation analysis between satellite and in situ data, corroborate that the reflectance of band 5 (705 nm) is suitable for the analysis of turbidity patterns in shallow lagoons (average depth 1 m), such as the Albufera lagoon, even in eutrophic conditions. Turbidity patterns in the Albufera lagoon show a similar trend in wet and dry years, which is mainly linked to the irrigation practice of rice paddies. High turbidity periods are linked to higher water residence time and closed floodgates. However, precipitation and wind also play an important role in the spatial distribution of turbidity. During storm events, phytoplankton and sediments are discharged to the sea, if the floodgates remain open. Fortunately, the rice harvesting season, when the floodgates are open, coincides with the beginning of the rainy period. Nevertheless, this is a lucky coincidence. It is important to develop conscious management of floodgates, because having them closed during rain events can have several negative effects both for the lagoon and for the receiving coastal waters and ecosystem. Non-discharged solids may accumulate in the lagoon worsening the clogging problems, and the beaches next to the receiving coastal waters will not receive an important load of solids to nourish them.Maria-Teresa Sebastia-Frasquet was a beneficiary of the CAS18/00107 post-doctoral research grant, supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education Culture and Sports during her stay at the Universidad Autonoma de Baja California (Mexico); image processing was developed partially during her stay. J.A.A.-M. was a beneficiary of the doctorate scholarship with the announcement number 291025, supported by the Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT by its acronym in Spanish).Sebastiá-Frasquet, M.; Aguilar-Maldonado, JA.; Santamaría-Del-Ángel, E.; Estornell Cremades, J. (2019). Sentinel 2 Analysis of Turbidity Patterns in a Coastal Lagoon. Remote Sensing. 11(24):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11242926S1171124Riera, R., Tuset, V. M., Betancur-R, R., Lombarte, A., Marcos, C., & Pérez-Ruzafa, A. (2018). Modelling alpha-diversities of coastal lagoon fish assemblages from the Mediterranean Sea. Progress in Oceanography, 165, 100-109. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2018.05.003Sebastiá-Frasquet, M.-T., Altur, V., & Sanchis, J.-A. (2014). Wetland Planning: Current Problems and Environmental Management Proposals at Supra-Municipal Scale (Spanish Mediterranean Coast). Water, 6(3), 620-641. doi:10.3390/w6030620Doña, C., Chang, N.-B., Caselles, V., Sánchez, J. M., Camacho, A., Delegido, J., & Vannah, B. W. (2015). Integrated satellite data fusion and mining for monitoring lake water quality status of the Albufera de Valencia in Spain. Journal of Environmental Management, 151, 416-426. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.12.003Gernez, P., Lafon, V., Lerouxel, A., Curti, C., Lubac, B., Cerisier, S., & Barillé, L. (2015). Toward Sentinel-2 High Resolution Remote Sensing of Suspended Particulate Matter in Very Turbid Waters: SPOT4 (Take5) Experiment in the Loire and Gironde Estuaries. Remote Sensing, 7(8), 9507-9528. doi:10.3390/rs70809507Caballero, I., Navarro, G., & Ruiz, J. (2018). Multi-platform assessment of turbidity plumes during dredging operations in a major estuarine system. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 68, 31-41. doi:10.1016/j.jag.2018.01.014Onandia, G., Gudimov, A., Miracle, M. R., & Arhonditsis, G. (2015). Towards the development of a biogeochemical model for addressing the eutrophication problems in the shallow hypertrophic lagoon of Albufera de Valencia, Spain. Ecological Informatics, 26, 70-89. doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2015.01.004Sòria-Perpinyà, X., Vicente, E., Urrego, P., Pereira-Sandoval, M., Ruíz-Verdú, A., Delegido, J., … Moreno, J. (2020). Remote sensing of cyanobacterial blooms in a hypertrophic lagoon (Albufera of València, Eastern Iberian Peninsula) using multitemporal Sentinel-2 images. Science of The Total Environment, 698, 134305. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134305Güttler, F. N., Niculescu, S., & Gohin, F. (2013). Turbidity retrieval and monitoring of Danube Delta waters using multi-sensor optical remote sensing data: An integrated view from the delta plain lakes to the western–northwestern Black Sea coastal zone. Remote Sensing of Environment, 132, 86-101. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.01.009Quang, N., Sasaki, J., Higa, H., & Huan, N. (2017). Spatiotemporal Variation of Turbidity Based on Landsat 8 OLI in Cam Ranh Bay and Thuy Trieu Lagoon, Vietnam. Water, 9(8), 570. doi:10.3390/w9080570Kari, E., Kratzer, S., Beltrán-Abaunza, J. M., Harvey, E. T., & Vaičiūtė, D. (2016). Retrieval of suspended particulate matter from turbidity – model development, validation, and application to MERIS data over the Baltic Sea. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 38(7), 1983-2003. doi:10.1080/01431161.2016.1230289Kuhn, C., de Matos Valerio, A., Ward, N., Loken, L., Sawakuchi, H. O., Kampel, M., … Butman, D. (2019). Performance of Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 surface reflectance products for river remote sensing retrievals of chlorophyll-a and turbidity. Remote Sensing of Environment, 224, 104-118. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2019.01.023Liu, H., Li, Q., Shi, T., Hu, S., Wu, G., & Zhou, Q. (2017). Application of Sentinel 2 MSI Images to Retrieve Suspended Particulate Matter Concentrations in Poyang Lake. Remote Sensing, 9(7), 761. doi:10.3390/rs9070761Erena, Domínguez, Aguado, Soria, & García-Galiano. (2019). Monitoring Coastal Lagoon Water Quality Through Remote Sensing: The Mar Menor as a Case Study. Water, 11(7), 1468. doi:10.3390/w11071468Caballero, I., Stumpf, R., & Meredith, A. (2019). Preliminary Assessment of Turbidity and Chlorophyll Impact on Bathymetry Derived from Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-3A Satellites in South Florida. Remote Sensing, 11(6), 645. doi:10.3390/rs11060645Toming, K., Kutser, T., Laas, A., Sepp, M., Paavel, B., & Nõges, T. (2016). First Experiences in Mapping Lake Water Quality Parameters with Sentinel-2 MSI Imagery. Remote Sensing, 8(8), 640. doi:10.3390/rs8080640Usaquén Perilla, O. L., Gómez, A. G., Gómez, A. G., Díaz, C. Á., & Cortezón, J. A. R. (2012). Methodology to assess sustainable management of water resources in coastal lagoons with agricultural uses: An application to the Albufera lagoon of Valencia (Eastern Spain). Ecological Indicators, 13(1), 129-143. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.05.019Soria, J. M., Vicente, E., & Miracle, M. R. (2000). The influence of flash floods on the limnology of the Albufera of Valencia lagoon (Spain). SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010, 27(4), 2232-2235. doi:10.1080/03680770.1998.11901635Wang, S., Lee, Z., Shang, S., Li, J., Zhang, B., & Lin, G. (2019). Deriving inherent optical properties from classical water color measurements: Forel-Ule index and Secchi disk depth. Optics Express, 27(5), 7642. doi:10.1364/oe.27.007642Wernand, M. R. (2010). On the history of the Secchi disc. Journal of the European Optical Society: Rapid Publications, 5. doi:10.2971/jeos.2010.10013sAguilar-Maldonado, J. A., Santamaría-del-Ángel, E., Gonzalez-Silvera, A., & Sebastiá-Frasquet, M. T. (2019). Detection of Phytoplankton Temporal Anomalies Based on Satellite Inherent Optical Properties: A Tool for Monitoring Phytoplankton Blooms. Sensors, 19(15), 3339. doi:10.3390/s19153339Pereira-Sandoval, M., Ruescas, A., Urrego, P., Ruiz-Verdú, A., Delegido, J., Tenjo, C., … Moreno, J. (2019). Evaluation of Atmospheric Correction Algorithms over Spanish Inland Waters for Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Imagery Data. Remote Sensing, 11(12), 1469. doi:10.3390/rs11121469Sòria-Perpinyà, X., Miracle, M. R., Soria, J., Delegido, J., & Vicente, E. (2018). Remote sensing application for the study of rapid flushing to remediate eutrophication in shallow lagoons (Albufera of Valencia). Hydrobiologia, 829(1), 125-132. doi:10.1007/s10750-018-3741-6Rodrigo, M. A., & Alonso-Guillén, J. L. (2013). Assessing the potential of Albufera de València Lagoon sediments for the restoration of charophyte meadows. Ecological Engineering, 60, 445-452. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.09.041Martín, M., Oliver, N., Hernández-Crespo, C., Gargallo, S., & Regidor, M. C. (2013). The use of free water surface constructed wetland to treat the eutrophicated waters of lake L’Albufera de Valencia (Spain). Ecological Engineering, 50, 52-61. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.04.02

Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs) para la gamificación

[EN] Currently, the advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs) offer new tools to implement active teaching-learning methodologies. Gamification is a new teaching strategy, capable of implementing active methodologies in the classroom that can be facilitated by the use of ICTs. It allows the use of game mechanics in non-recreational environments to achieve educational objectives and it improves students’ motivation. This has led to the introduction in the classroom of computer applications (or apps), computer programs and tools designed to allow undertaking various types of work. The wide variety of apps available for gamification complicates their choice, not only for their topic, but also for their technology (mobile devices, tablets, and personal computers). Furthermore, although there are different apps which were not initially designed for their use in education, they can be used for this purpose. In response to this diversity, this article presents a review of different gamification experiences at higher education level. The main goal of this article is to provide a resource guide to the people interested in these apps[ES] Actualmente los avances en tecnologías la información y la comunicación (TICs) ofrecen nuevas herramientas para implementar metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje activas. Por otra parte la gamificación permite el empleo de mecánicas de juego en entornos no lúdicos para alcanzar objetivos docentes y mejorar con ello la motivación de los alumnos. Se trata pues de una nueva estrategia docente, en auge en la docencia universitaria, capaz de implementar metodologías activas en el aula que puede ser facilitada por el uso de TICs. Esto ha dado lugar a la introducción en el aula de aplicaciones informáticas o apps (del inglés applications), programas informáticos diseñados como herramientas para permitir a un usuario realizar diversos tipos de trabajos. La gran variedad de apps disponibles para la gamificación complica su elección, tanto como por su temática acomo por la tecnología utilizada (dispositivos móviles, tabletas y ordenadores personales). Además, hay distintas apps que aunque no fueran concebidas inicialmente para la gamificación pueden ser utilizadas para este fin. En respuesta a esta diversidad, el presente artículo realiza una revisión de las apps utilizadas en experiencias docentes de gamificación en el ámbito universitario. El objetivo es facilitar a los profesores interesados en desarrollar actividades de gamificación mediante TICs una guía de recursos.Pascual Seva, N.; Sebastiá Frasquet, MT.; Esteve Sendra, C.; Asensio Cuesta, S.; Babiloni Griñón, ME.; Palomares Figueres, MT.; Portalés Mañanós, AM.... (2015). Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs) para la gamificación. En In-Red 2015 - CONGRESO NACIONAL DE INNOVACIÓN EDUCATIVA Y DE DOCENCIA EN RED. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2015.2015.1594OC