Constructing Robust Emotional State-based Feature with a Novel Voting Scheme for Multi-modal Deception Detection in Videos

Deception detection is an important task that has been a hot research topic due to its potential applications. It can be applied in many areas, from national security (e.g., airport security, jurisprudence, and law enforcement) to real-life applications (e.g., business and computer vision). However, some critical problems still exist and are worth more investigation. One of the significant challenges in the deception detection tasks is the data scarcity problem. Until now, only one multi-modal benchmark open dataset for human deception detection has been released, which contains 121 video clips for deception detection (i.e., 61 for deceptive class and 60 for truthful class). Such an amount of data is hard to drive deep neural network-based methods. Hence, those existing models often suffer from overfitting problems and low generalization ability. Moreover, the ground truth data contains some unusable frames for many factors. However, most of the literature did not pay attention to these problems. Therefore, in this paper, we design a series of data preprocessing methods to deal with the aforementioned problem first. Then, we propose a multi-modal deception detection framework to construct our novel emotional state-based feature and use the open toolkit openSMILE to extract the features from the audio modality. We also design a voting scheme to combine the emotional states information obtained from visual and audio modalities. Finally, we can determine the novel emotion state transformation feature with our self-designed algorithms. In the experiment, we conduct the critical analysis and comparison of the proposed methods with the state-of-the-art multi-modal deception detection methods. The experimental results show that the overall performance of multi-modal deception detection has a significant improvement in the accuracy from 87.77% to 92.78% and the ROC-AUC from 0.9221 to 0.9265.Comment: 8 pages, for AAAI23 publicatio

Simulation of Runoff Transport of Animal Manure Constituents

Runoff losses of land-applied animal manure constituents can adversely affect the quality of downstream waters. Reliable mathematical simulation models can help estimate runoff losses of animal manure constituents and identify management measures to reduce these losses. The objective of this study was to develop and calibrate an event-based simulation model to describe the runoff transport of solids (soil and manure particles) and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from areas treated with animal manure. The resulting model, consisting of linked hydrology, soil/manure transport, and nutrient transport components, is process-oriented and uses measurable parameters to the greatest degree possible. The three components of the model were calibrated sequentially (hydrology, soil/manure transport, and nutrient transport, in order) using data from plot-scale field experiments involving grassed plots treated with poultry litter. The calibrated parameter values were generally consistent with previously published values. Transport of total suspended solids, ammonia-nitrogen, dissolved phosphorus, and total phosphorus was well-predicted by the model. Transport of nitrate-nitrogen, however, was overpredicted by approximately an order of magnitude, while total Kjeldahl nitrogen transport was underpredicted by approximately an order of magnitude. Improvements in model structure (e.g., using different equations to describe the release of nitrate from the litter to the soil and assuming a significant proportion of organic nitrogen to be soluble) and parameter selection appear warranted to improve prediction of nitrate and total Kjeldahl nitrogen losses

High-Sensitivity Measurement of 3He-4He Isotopic Ratios for Ultracold Neutron Experiments

Research efforts ranging from studies of solid helium to searches for a neutron electric dipole moment require isotopically purified helium with a ratio of 3He to 4He at levels below that which can be measured using traditional mass spectroscopy techniques. We demonstrate an approach to such a measurement using accelerator mass spectroscopy, reaching the 10e-14 level of sensitivity, several orders of magnitude more sensitive than other techniques. Measurements of 3He/4He in samples relevant to the measurement of the neutron lifetime indicate the need for substantial corrections. We also argue that there is a clear path forward to sensitivity increases of at least another order of magnitude.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure

Off-axis electron holography and microstructure of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin film grown on LaAlO3

Epitaxial Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films grown on the (001) LaAlO3 substrates with the ferroelectric transition of about 250K have been investigated by TEM and off-axis electron holography. Cross-sectional TEM observations show that the 350nm-thick Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 film has a sharp interface with notable misfit dislocations. Off-axis electron holographic measurements reveal that, at low temperatures, the ferroelectric polarization results in systematic accumulations of negative charges on the interface and positive charges on the film surface, and, at room temperature, certain charges could only accumulate at the interfacial dislocations and other defective areas.Comment: 14 pages, 4figures, submitted to AP

Harmonic wave propagation in an infinite viscoelastic medium with a periodic array of cylindrical elastic fibers

The work involves the propagation of plane harmonic waves in an infinite isotropic medium in which a doubly periodic array of cylindrical fibers is embedded. The direction of propagation is perpendicular to the fibers and the matrix material is taken to be viscoelastic in shear, modeled through hereditary integrals. A finite element method based on Galerkin's technique is employed, which leads to a non-linear eigenvalue problem. An iterative scheme is used to obtain two modes of dispersion, for both real and imaginary wave numbers, for a specific composite.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/23288/1/0000225.pd

Harmonic wave propagation in an infinite elastic medium with a periodic array of cylindrical pores

The propagation of plane harmonic waves in an elastic medium in which there is a periodic distribution of infinitely long, cylindrical pores is analyzed. The waves propagate perpendicular to the pores and the approach used is a finite element method based on Galerkin's technique. Results on dispersion, for several values of porosity, and on strain energy distributions within a typical half-cell are given. Also, as a check on the dynamic results, equivalent elastic moduli are derived by using a static analysis.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/23167/1/0000092.pd

Functional and Morphological Studies of Mitochondria Exposed to Undecagold Clusters: Biologic Surfaces Labeling with Gold Clusters

This study reports morphological and functional alterations observed in respiring isolated mitochondria when they are exposed to nonpenetrating, positive electrostatically charged synthetic undecagold clusters. Modification of the undecagold clusters positive charges change or prevent the functional effects and the binding to the outside surface of the mitochondria. The mitochondrial functional alterations are dependent on the oxidative phosphorylation capacity of the isolated organelles. The results of these experiments indicate that artificial undecagold may be useful to explore the molecular mechanisms of biological energy transducers which require electric charges separation, ionic fluxes, and electric surface properties

Critical Micronutrients in Pregnancy, Lactation, and Infancy: Considerations on Vitamin D, Folic Acid, and Iron, and Priorities for Future Research

The Early Nutrition Academy and the European Commission-funded EURRECA Network of Excellence jointly sponsored a scientific workshop on critical micronutrients in pregnancy, lactation, and infancy. Current knowledge and unresolved questions on the supply of vitamin D, folic acid, and iron for pregnant women, lactating women, and infants, and their health effects were discussed. The question was addressed of whether, and under which circumstances, supplementation with these micronutrients in addition to usual dietary intakes is advisable. The workshop participants concluded that public health strategies for improving supplementation with these micronutrients in pregnancy, lactation, and infancy are required. Further research priorities should focus on adequately powered human intervention trials to obtain a stronger evidence base for the amounts of vitamin D, folic acid, and iron that have optimal effects on health. The conclusions of the workshop should help to inform the scientific community as well as public health policy strategies. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Base