Safety In The Global South: Criminal Victimization In Brazilian Rural Areas

In this paper, we discuss our finding that crime was on the rise not only in Brazil's urban areas, but also in rural ones between 1988 and 2009. Its main objective is to investigating how different economic, demographic and other variables can help one understand criminal victimization in Brazilian rural areas. Data from a 2009 national survey were used to fit probit models for four types of crime: theft, robbery, attempted theft/robbery, and physical assault. Moreover, we estimated a model for a category that encompasses the three first crimes. We found that men, middle-age and single people in rural areas are at a higher risk of being victimized, as well as higher-income and more educated people living in those areas

Nonlinear relationship between income, age and criminal victimization in Brazil

This study was mainly intended to investigate the effects of the income and age of individuals on their risk of becoming victims of physical assault, theft, robbery and attempted theft or robbery. Specifically, we were looking for evidence for a nonlinear relationship between these variables and victimization risk. Data from a national victimization survey were used to estimate victimization probability models. We found that, except for robbery and physical assault, the relationship between personal income and victimization risk has an inverted-U shape. We also found an inverted U-shape relationship between the age of individuals and victimization risk for the four types of crimes analyzed