The impact of endorsing Spitzer’s proposed criteria for PTSD in the forthcoming DSM-V on male and female Veterans

This study explored differences between Spitzer’s proposed model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the current DSM-IV diagnostic classification scheme in 353 Veterans. The majority of Veterans (89%) diagnosed with PTSD as specified in the DSM-IV also met Spitzer’s proposed criteria. Veterans who met both DSM-IV and Spitzer’s proposed criteria had significantly higher Clinician Administered PTSD Scale severity scores than Veterans only meeting DSM-IV criteria. Logistic regression indicated that being African American and having no comorbid diagnosis of major depressive disorder or history of a substance use disorder were found to predict those Veterans who met current, but not proposed criteria. These findings have important implications regarding proposed changes to the diagnostic classification criteria for PTSD in the forthcoming DSM-V

Brief Motivational Interview–Based Intervention for Women in Jail With History of Drug Addiction and Sex-Trading

Women admitted to jail with a substance use disorder who are trading sex for money or drugs represent a population at particularly high risk for severe addiction, mental and physical health comorbidities, and a multiplicity of psychosocial barriers to achieving recovery. Time in jail can be an opportunity to reach this subgroup of incarcerated women with a brief intervention focused on increasing motivation for change and assisting with postrelease planning. However, there is no research on the use of brief interventions for assisting this group of women with postrelease planning. The purpose of the current project was to test the feasibility of offering a brief motivational interviewing–based intervention adapted for use in the jail setting and designed to accommodate a wide variety of participant concerns. Participants were 91 incarcerated women who volunteered to participate in the 2-appointment intervention. Participants demonstrated a high prevalence of severe drug addiction (73%), major depression (54%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (66%) based on screening measures. Participants also endorsed the need for help with a number of other top-ranked concerns involving housing, employment, custody of children, and education. Participants showed a significant decrease in average number of arrests in the 12-month period after receiving the intervention compared to the 12-month period prior. These findings suggest that a brief motivational interviewing–based intervention may be feasible for assisting women who are in jail with postrelease planning related to their psychosocial and mental health needs. Additional research will be required to determine if the intervention improves on outcomes compared to usual jail procedures

Brief Motivational Interview–Based Intervention for Women in Jail With History of Drug Addiction and Sex-Trading

Women admitted to jail with a substance use disorder who are trading sex for money or drugs represent a population at particularly high risk for severe addiction, mental and physical health comorbidities, and a multiplicity of psychosocial barriers to achieving recovery. Time in jail can be an opportunity to reach this subgroup of incarcerated women with a brief intervention focused on increasing motivation for change and assisting with postrelease planning. However, there is no research on the use of brief interventions for assisting this group of women with postrelease planning. The purpose of the current project was to test the feasibility of offering a brief motivational interviewing–based intervention adapted for use in the jail setting and designed to accommodate a wide variety of participant concerns. Participants were 91 incarcerated women who volunteered to participate in the 2-appointment intervention. Participants demonstrated a high prevalence of severe drug addiction (73%), major depression (54%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (66%) based on screening measures. Participants also endorsed the need for help with a number of other top-ranked concerns involving housing, employment, custody of children, and education. Participants showed a significant decrease in average number of arrests in the 12-month period after receiving the intervention compared to the 12-month period prior. These findings suggest that a brief motivational interviewing–based intervention may be feasible for assisting women who are in jail with postrelease planning related to their psychosocial and mental health needs. Additional research will be required to determine if the intervention improves on outcomes compared to usual jail procedures