Familial transmission of alcohol use, III. Impact of imitation non-imitation of parent alcohol use (1960) on the sensible/problem drinking of their offspring (1977)

Imitation/non-imitation by adult offspring of alcohol-related parent behavior was examined in the context of the fall-off effect’ and of sensible/problem alcohol use, two processes which tend to constrain drinking. Evidence indicates there is more imitation by adult offspring of abstemious parents (both abstainer and low volume) than of high volume parents. Adult offspring drink significantly less, on the average, than their high volume parents, a phenomenon here termed‘fall-off effect’ for both men and women with respect to either their fathers or mothers. This fall-off among social drinkers appears when the mother approaches or the father consumes at or more than a typical daily drinking level (≥1 drink per day). More sensible drinking occurs among adult offspring when (I) the parent has no drinking problem-signs than when the parent has drinking problems (this pattern appears at all levels of offspring consumption), and (2) when parents drink at high volume and have no problems for those offspring who do not imitate parent volume. Drinking “sensibly’ appears to be associated directly with the level of parent alcohol use and offsprings’ own drinking levels (considered as imitation or non-imitation of parents), and indirectly with offspring recall of problematic intake by parents. Drinking sensibly is a medical, education and public health issue.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72393/1/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03439.x.pd

A Bayesian model for longitudinal count data with non-ignorable dropout

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73907/1/j.1467-9876.2008.00628.x.pd

Prospective Evaluation of Two Dosing Equations for Theophylline in Premature Infants

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90141/1/j.1875-9114.1996.tb02995.x.pd

Accuracy and Reliability of Dosing Equations to Individualize Theophylline Treatment of Apnea of Prematurity

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90103/1/j.1875-9114.1995.tb04360.x.pd

Intraocular pressure measurement in the conscious rat

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74866/1/j.1600-0420.1999.770108.x.pd

R-wave amplitude changes during exercise in adolescents with left ventricular pressure and volume overload

To determine the diagnostic value of exerciseinduced R-wave changes in adolescents with congenital heart disease, the responses of 50 adolescents without significant heart disease were compared with those of 72 patients with either a left ventricular (LV) pressure or volume overload lesion. Among the pressure overload group, 24 patients had valvular aortic stenosis (AS) and 27 had coarctation of the aorta. The volume overload group included 12 patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) and 9 with aortic regurgitation (AR). Severity of the cardiac lesion was assessed using cardiac catheterization in patients with AS, physical examination in patients with coarctation of the aorta and clinical or angiographiec criteria, or both, in patients with valvular regurgitation. The R wave was measured in 10 consecutive QRS complexes in leads II, aVF and V5 at rest, maximal exercise and 1-minute recovery. At maximal exercise, control subjects had a mean decrease in amplitude ([Delta]R) of -3.6 mm (p > 12 mm Hg (n = 7), the decrease in [Delta]R was also greater than that in patients with LV end-diastolic pressure <= 12 mm Hg (n = 14) (p < 0.006). Among patients with volume overload, more severe valvular regurgitation was associated with a smaller [Delta]R (p < 0.03). In patients with AS an increased [Delta]R reflects ischemia or diminished LV compliance, or both, whereas in patients with volume overload a decrease in [Delta]R is an indicator of the severity of regurgitation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/25108/1/0000540.pd

Familial transmission of alcohol use: V. Drinking patterns among spouses, Tecumseh, Michigan

This study examined concordance and discordance of self-reported alcohol consumption in 184 spouse pairs drawn from a representative sample of the Tecumseh, MI community. A significant association (tau B=.57, p <.001) between self-reported alcohol consumption of husbands and that of wives was observed. Drinking daily and high maximum drinking were also significantly correlated between spouses, as were church attendance, smoking, impulsivity, and sociability. A significant association between the drinking of wives and that of their mothers-in-law was noted. The relationship between husbands' drinking and that of their fathers-in-law was marginally significant. However, three-quarters of daughters of heavy-drinking fathers (21 of 28) married abstemious men (never drank or drank lightly), while only 7% married heavy-drinking husbands. These findings lend support to the idea that a network of familial influences—both primary and secondary assortative mating—contributes to regulating adult drinking behavior.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44107/1/10519_2005_Article_BF01066793.pd

The Safety After Fifty Evaluation trial: Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of antihypertensive therapy with metoprolol in patients 50 to 75 years of age: Study design

Hypertension increases in prevalence with advancing age and is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease in elderly patients. However, the presence of coexisting illness, altered drug metabolism, enhanced susceptibility to drug side effects, and physiologic changes such as reduced plasma volume and lower plasma renin levels make truatment of hypertension in elderly patients more difficult. Nonetheless, several studies have now demonstrated the beneficial effects of antihypertensive drug therapy in older parlents. The Safety After Fifty Evaluation trial was designed to determine the short-term efficacy and tolerabillty of once-daily therapy with the cardioselective [beta]-blocker metoprolol anone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of mild hypertension in patients 50 to 75 years of age. A total of 24,816 patients were enrolled in the trial by 2821 practicing physicians from across the United States. This article describes the detalls of the Safety After Fiffy Evaluation study design. Results of the trial will be reported separately.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/27529/1/0000573.pd

Evaluation of Conventional and New Maximum Heart Rate Prediction Models for Individuals

In October of 1992 I submitted an abstract to the American College of Sports Medicine, co-authored with Dr. Schork and Dr. Edington from the University of Michigan, to present our study at the 1993 Annual Meeting. A few weeks later I received Volume 24, issue 10 of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, where Whaley and colleagues had published a similar paper. Discouraged by the bad timing, I never tried to publish my own paper. Several years later, other similar papers have been published, arguing for a correction to the conventional 220-age formula for maximum heart rate. I realized I should have tried to publish my paper back in 1993! I have dug out the original poster presentation materials, scanned them, and prepared this document for the sake of teaching my students (who often quote Tanaka et al. and Gellish et al.) the importance of prompt publication of their work.The purpose of this study was to develop a regression model to predict maximum heart rate (HRmax) from basic sociodemographic variables and to compare it with the 220-age rule of thumb. Data were obtained from 635 adults of all ages, gender, and physical activity levels, rigorously tested for maximum aerobic capacity. HRmax was found to be significantly correlated (p<.05) to age, tobacco use in the past, current tobacco use, and self-reported physical activity. There was no evidence of a difference in HRmax between males and females (p=.997). Several significant (p<.00005) linear regression models involving these variables were developed, but their ability to explain the variation in HRmax was only slightly better than a model that relied on age alone. Based on R2 values, the age model was able to account for 44.9% of the variation in HRmax, compared to 48% when using the most complicated model. The 220-age rule of thumb also gave an r2 =.449 (44.9%), but the average estimate was biased (-8 beats per minute [b * min~l]). Individual estimates were highly inaccurate: 50.5% of the predicted values were off by 10 b * min-1 or more, compared to 27.6% with our simplest model based on age alone. Furthermore, both the 220-age rule and our regression models were very poor predictors when applied to ten-year age subgroups. It was concluded that in spite of a significant correlation between HRmax and other variables, regression models based on these variables are highly inaccurate in the prediction of individual HRmax values. Therefore, the practice of relying on them for individualized exercise prescription and as a criterion for graded exercise test termination is not warranted.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Sociales::Facultad de Educación::Escuela de Educación Físic