A terminal assessment of stages theory : introducing a dynamic states approach to entrepreneurship

Stages of Growth models were the most frequent theoretical approach to understanding entrepreneurial business growth from 1962 to 2006; they built on the growth imperative and developmental models of that time. An analysis of the universe of such models (N=104) published in the management literature shows no consensus on basic constructs of the approach, nor is there any empirical confirmations of stages theory. However, by changing two propositions of the stages models, a new dynamic states approach is derived. The dynamic states approach has far greater explanatory power than its precursor, and is compatible with leading edge research in entrepreneurship

Factor structure of the Figure-Drawing Test

The Figure-Drawing Test was administered to 788 male Caucasian John Hopkins medical students. The tests were scored by slightly modified versions of the Jones and Thomas (1964, 1965) technique for scoring structural and graphic characteristics plus the sophistication-of-body-concept scale ratings of Witkin (Witkin et al, 1962; Thomas, 1966). From these data 10 independent factors which accounted for a substantial proportion of the variance associated with the 57 figure-drawing variables used were factor analytically identified. Six if these factors were related to descriptive characteristics of the drawings, e.g., sophistication and nudity. Two of the factors are related to graphic characteristics of the drawings, or techniques used in drawing the figures, such as the degree of line pressure. The final 2 factors are related to how the figures were positioned on the page