The Romantic Socialist Origins of Humanitariamism

“Humanitarian” (humanitaire) came into use in French contemporaneously with the emergence of romantic socialism, and in the context of the rebuilding of post-revolutionary French society and its overseas empire beginning in the 1830s. This article excavates this early idea of humanitarianism, documenting an alternative genealogy for the term and its significance that has been overlooked by scholars of both socialism and humanitarianism. This humanitarianism identified a collective humanity as the source of its own salvation, rather than an external, well-meaning benefactor. Unlike liberal models of advocacy, which invoked individualized actors and recipients of their care, socialists privileged solidarity within their community and rejected the foundational logic of liberal individualism. In tracing this history, this article considers its importance for contemporary debates about humanitarianism’s imperial power dynamics

The Femme Fatale in Vogue:Femininity Ideologies in Fin-de-siècle America

This article explores how marketing influences ideologies of femininity. Tracing the evolution of femme fatale images in Vogue magazine in 1890s America, we develop a typology around four archetypal forms of the femme fatale that prevailed during this period. In doing so we respond to calls for more critical historical analyses on femininity. While studies on masculinity ideologies proliferate, there is a paucity of research on dissonant representations of femininity in popular culture media. The femme fatale, often a self-determined seductress who causes anguish to the men who become involved with her, is an intriguing and enduring challenge to traditional notions of femininity. Thus, in studying the femme fatale in her historical context and revealing the multiplicity of feminine ideologies contained within this trope, we contribute to a deeper understanding of marketing’s role in both reflecting and reinforcing societal assumptions, attitudes and problematics around gender norms.</p

Pour une thématique restreinte. Ecriture, parole et différence dans Madame Bovary

Schor Naomi. Pour une thématique restreinte. Ecriture, parole et différence dans Madame Bovary. In: Littérature, n°22, 1976. pp. 30-46

Triste Amérique : Atala et la fabrique de la femme post-révolutionnaire

Il n’y a pas très longtemps que les historiens et les historiens de l’art reconnaissent l’importance extraordinaire des allégories féminines qui abondent dans l’iconographie nationale suscitée par la Révolution française. Pour citer Lynn Hunt : « L’allégorisation féminine est un fait capital, car elle est constamment associée à la République, et cela dès le début. » Même si, comme Hunt le démontre admirablement, l’image de Marianne, figure de la Liberté et de la République française, ne s’imp..

« Une Vie » / Des Vides, ou le Nom de la Mère

Schor Naomi. « Une Vie » / Des Vides, ou le Nom de la Mère. In: Littérature, n°26, 1977. pp. 51-71

Le sourire du sphinx : Zola et l'énigme de la féminité

Schor Naomi. Le sourire du sphinx : Zola et l'énigme de la féminité. In: Romantisme, 1976, n°13-14. Mythes et représentations de la femme. pp. 183-196