289 research outputs found
Dynamic electromagnetic response of three-dimensional Josephson junction arrays
We present a theoretical study on the dynamical properties of
three-dimensional arrays of Josephson junctions. Our results indicate that such
superconducting networks represent highly sensitive 3D-SQUIDs having some major
advantages in comparison with conventional planar SQUIDs. The voltage response
function of 3D-SQUIDs is directly related to the vector-character of external
electromagnetic fields. The theory developed here allows the three-dimensional
reconstruction of a detected external field including phase information about
the field variables. Applications include the design of novel magnetometers,
gradiometers and particle detectors.Comment: 5 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Journal of Applied Physic
High performance magnetic field sensor based on Superconducting Quantum Interference Filters
We have developed an absolute magnetic field sensor using Superconducting
Quantum Interference Filter (SQIF) made of high-T_c grain boundary Josephson
junctions. The device shows the typical magnetic field dependent voltage
response V(B), which is sharp delta-like dip in the vicinity of zero magnetic
field. When the SQIF is cooled with magnetic shield, and then the shield is
removed, the presence of the ambient magnetic field induces a shift of the dip
position from B_0 ~ 0 to a value B ~ B_1, which is about the average value of
the earth magnetic field, at our latitude. When the SQIF is cooled in the
ambient field without shielding, the dip is first found at B ~ B_1, and the
further shielding of the SQIF results in a shift of the dip towards B_0 ~ 0.
The low hysteresis observed in the sequence of experiments (less than 5% of
B_1) makes SQIFs suitable for high precision measurements of the absolute
magnetic field. The experimental results are discussed in view of potential
applications of high-T_c SQIFs in magnetometry.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Quadratic Mixing of Radio Frequency Signals using Superconducting Quantum Interference Filters
The authors demonstrate quadratic mixing of weak time harmonic
electromagnetic fields applied to Superconducting Quantum Interference Filters,
manufactured from high- grain boundary Josephson junctions and
operated in active microcooler. The authors use the parabolic shape of the dip
in the dc-voltage output around B=0 to mix \emph{quadratically} two external
rf-signals, at frequencies and well below the
Josephson frequency , and detect the corresponding mixing
signal at . Quadratic mixing takes also place when the SQIF
is operated without magnetic shield. The experimental results are well
described by a simple analytical model based on the adiabatic approximation.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure
Immunoreactive inhibin in human follicular fluid in an ovarian hyperstimulation proramme for in vitro fertilisation: correlations and different forms
Effect of Growth Hormone (hGH) Replacement Therapy on Physical Work Capacity and Cardiac and Pulmonary Function in Patients with hGH Deficiency Acquired in Adulthood.
The effects of 6 months of replacement therapy with recombinant human GH (hGH) on physical work capacity and cardiac structure and function were investigated in 20 patients with hGH deficiency of adult onset in a double blind, placebo-controlled trial. The GH dose of 12.5 micrograms/kg BW was self-administered daily sc. Oxygen consumption (VO2), CO2 production, and ventilatory volumes were measured during exercise on a bicycle spiroergometer. M-Mode echocardiography was performed using standard techniques. The VO2 max data, expressed per kg BW (mL/min.kg BW) showed a significant increase from 23.2 +/- 2.4 to 30.0 +/- 2.3 (P < 0.01) in the hGH-treated group, whereas the VO2 max data, expressed per lean body mass (milliliters per min/kg lean body mass) did not change significantly in either group. Maximal O2 pulse (milliliters per beat) increased significantly from 15.2 +/- 5.6 to 19.6 +/- 3.3 mL/beat (P < 0.01), but remained constant in the placebo group. The maximal power output (watts +/- SE) increased significantly (P < 0.01) from 192.5 +/- 13.5 to 227.5 +/- 11.5 in the hGH-treated group, but remained constant in the placebo group. Cardiac structure (left ventricular posterior wall, interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular mass, left ventricular end-systolic dimension, and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension) as well as echocardiographically assessed cardiac function did not change significantly after 6 months of treatment in either group. We conclude that hGH replacement in hGH-deficient adults improves oxygen uptake and exercise capacity. These improvements in pulmonary parameters might be due to an increase in respiratory muscle strength and partly to the changes in muscle volume per se observed during hGH replacement therapy. Furthermore, an increased cardiac output might contribute to the improvement in exercise performance during hGH treatment. According to our data, hGH replacement therapy leads to an improvement of exercise capacity and maximal oxygen uptake, but has no significant effect on cardiac structure
Groundstate and Collective Modes of a Spin-Polarized Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Harmonic Trap
We report new results for the Thomas-Fermi groundstate and the quadrupolar
modes of density oscillations of a spin- polarized dipolar interacting
Bose-Einstein condensate for the case when the external magnetic field is not
orientated parallel to a principal axis of a harmonic anisotropic trap.Comment: Final version, published in Physical Review
Nonperiodic Flux to Voltage Conversion of an Arithmetic Series Array of dc SQUIDs
A theoretical study on the voltage response function of a series array of
dc SQUIDs is presented in which the elementary dc SQUID loops vary in size and,
possibly, in orientation. Such series arrays of two-junction SQUIDs possess
voltage response functions vs. external magnetic field B that differ
substantially from those of corresponding regular series arrays with identical
loop-areas, while maintaining a large voltage swing as well as a low noise
level. Applications include the design of current amplifiers and quantum
interference filters.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure
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