PillCam colon capsule endoscopy compared with colonoscopy for colorectal tumor diagnosis: a prospective pilot study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Colonoscopy is regarded as the gold standard for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. PillCam capsule endoscopy could be an alternative approach for screening large populations. We report a pilot evaluation in humans of the safety, feasibility, and performance of colon capsule endoscopy compared with colonoscopy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients included in this single-center comparative study had presented for screening colonoscopy or there was suspicion of polyps or CRC. The capsule was ingested in the morning. After excretion, colonoscopy was performed. Significant findings were defined either as polyps > 6 mm, or three or more polyps of any size. Colonoscopy and colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) review were performed by independent physicians. RESULTS: 41 patients (26 women), mean age 56 years (range 26 - 75) were included, and all had complete colonoscopies. Four patients were excluded due to technical problems and one could not swallow the capsule; thus, 36 patients were considered in the analysis. In six the capsule had not been expelled at 10 hours and was retrieved endoscopically. CCE identified 19 of the 25 patients (76 %) with positive findings and 10 of the 13 (77 %) with significant lesions detected by colonoscopy. CCE detected seven lesions not seen at colonoscopy and two tumors were detected by both examinations. Overall sensitivity of CCE to detect significant lesions was 77 %, specificity was 70 %, positive predictive value was 59 %, and negative predictive value was 84 %. No adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION: CCE showed promising accuracy compared with colonoscopy. This new noninvasive technique deserves further evaluation as a potential CRC screening tool.Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Pillcam colon capsule endoscopy compared to colonoscopy for screening colorectal cancer: a prospective pilot study

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

PillCam Colon Capsule Endoscopy Compared with Colonoscopy for Colorectal Tumor Deiagnosis: A Prospective Pilot Study

Background and aims: Colonoscopy is regarded as the gold standard for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. PillCam capsule endoscopy could be an alternative approach for screening large populations. We report a pilot evaluation in humans of the safety, feasibility, and performance of colon capsule endoscopy compared with colonoscopy. Patients and methods: Patients included in this single-center comparative study had presented for screening colonoscopy or there was suspicion of polyps or CRC. The capsule was ingested in the morning. After excretion, colonoscopy was performed. Significant findings were defined either als polyps <6mm, or three or more polyps of any size. Colonoscopy and colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) review were performed by independent physicians. Results: 41 patients (26 women), mean age 56 years (range 26-75) were included, and all had complete colonoscopies. Four patients were excluded due to technical problems and one could not swallow the capsule; thus, 36 patients were considered in the analysis. In six the capsule had not been expelled at 10 hours and was retrieved endoscopically. CCE identified 19 of the 25 patients (76%) with positive findings and 10 of the 13 (77 %) with significant lesions detected by colonoscopy. CCE detected seven lesions not seen at colonoscopy and two tumors were detected by both examinations. Overall sensitivity of CCE to detect significant lesions was 77 %, specificity was 70 %, positive predictive value was 59%, and negative predictive value was 84%. No adverse events occurred. Conclusion: CCE showed promising accuracy compared with colonoscopy. This new noninvasive technique deserves further evaluation as a potential CRC screening tool. © 2007, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart. All rights reserved.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Cloning and tissue distribution of the cyclic AMP generating peptide of the grey flesh fly Neobellieria bullata (Diptera : Sarcophagidae)

Originally, two forms of cyclic AMP Generating Peptide (cGP) were identified in whole body extracts of the flesh fly Neobellieria bullata. The long form, a 48-mer, stimulated cAMP production by Malpighian tubules of Manduca sexta. The short form, which had been discovered previously with an ovarian bioassay, turned out to be the 1-15 aa sequence of the 48-mer. We here report on the cloning, sequencing and expression profile of the cGP-gene in N. bullata. The full-length cDNA sequence, obtained by RT-PCR in combination with 5' and 3' RACE, encodes a single copy of the cGP precursor. No signal peptide is present in this precursor, which, compared to the mature peptide, is only extended at the N-terminus with an extra methionine residue. RT-PCR revealed that Neb-cGP is expressed in both larval and adult brain, testis and ovaries, flight muscles, Malpighian tubules, midgut, and fat body.status: publishe

Isolation of angiotensin converting enzyme from testes of Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera)

By means of a tracer assay using a labeled synthetic angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) substrate hippurylglycylglycine, we have detected high ACE activity in the testes of the African migratory locust, Locusta migratoria. Lower, but significant, ACE activity was observed in midgut and hemolymph. In a two-step purification procedure involving anion exchange and gel permeation chromatography, we have purified LomACE from the locust testes. The enzyme of approximately 80 kDa shows substantial amino-acid sequence homology with ACE from both vertebrate and invertebrate origin. The ACE identity of the purified enzyme was further confirmed by cDNA cloning of the Locusta ACE fragment, which, after in silico translation, revealed a mature protein of 623 amino acids with a large structural similarity to other known ACE proteins.status: publishe

Isolation and characterization of an angiotensin converting enzyme substrate from vitellogenic ovaries of Neobellieria bullata

Vitellogenic ovaries of the gray fleshfly Neobellieria bullata contain a variety of unidentified substances that interact, either as a substrate or as an inhibitor, with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). We here report the isolation and characterization of the first ACE interactive compound hereof. This 1312.7 Da peptide with the sequence NKLKPSQWISL, is substrate to both insect and human ACE. It is a novel peptide that shows high sequence similarity to a sequence at the N-terminal part of dipteran yolk polypeptides (YPs). We propose to call it N. bullata ovary-derived ACE interactive factor or Neb-ODAIF Both insect and human ACE hydrolyze Neb-ODAIF by sequentially cleaving off two C-terminal dipeptides. K-m values of Neb-ODAIF and Neb-ODAIFI-9 (NKLKPSQWI) for human somatic ACE (sACE) are 17 and 81 muM, respectively. Additionally, Neb-ODAIF(1-7) (NKLKPSQ) also interacts with sACE (K-m/i = 90 muM). These affinity-constants are in range with those of the physiological ACE substrates and suggest the importance of Neb-ODAIF and its cleavage products in the elucidation of the physiological role of insect ACE. Alternatively, they can serve as lead compounds in the development of new drugs against ACE-related diseases in humans. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.status: publishe

Characterization of four substrates emphasizes kinetic similarity between insect and human C-domain angiotensin-converting enzyme

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was already discovered in insects in 1994, but its physiological role is still enigmatic. We have addressed this problem by purifying four new ACE substrates from the ovaries of the grey fleshfly, Neobellieria bullata . Their primary structures were identified as NKLKPSQWISLSD (Neb -ODAIF- 1(1-13) ), NKLKPSQWI (Neb -ODAIF- 1(1-9) ), SLKPSNWLTPSE (Neb -ODAIF- 2) and LEQIYHL. Database analysis showed significant homology with amino acid sequence stretches as present in the N-terminal part of several fly yolk proteins. An antiserum raised against Neb -ODAIF-1(1-9) immunostained one out of three yolk protein bands of SDS/PAGE-separated fly haemolymph and egg homogenate, thus confirming that these peptides originate from a yolk protein gene product. Kinetic analysis of these peptides and of the peptides Neb -ODAIF and Neb -ODAIF- 1(1-7) with insect ACE and human ACE show both similar and unique properties for insect ACE as compared with human C-domain ACE.status: publishe

Immunocytochemical distribution of angiotensin-I converting enzyme in the central nervous system of insects and speculations about its possible function

Insect peptidyl-dipeptidase A [angiotensin I - converting enzyme (ACE)] is a soluble single-domain peptidyl-dipeptidase that has many properties in common with the C-domain of mammalian somatic ACE and with the single-domain mammalian ACE. In agreement with a variety of insects, immunocytochemical studies reveal the presence of an ACE-like protein in Locusta migratoria. ACE-like immunoreactivity is present in neurosecretory cells of the pars intercerebralis. These cells have axons projecting into the nervus corporis cardiaci I and into the storage part of the corpus cardiacum, a neuroendocrine organ directly releasing into the aorta. The localisation of ACE in neurosecretory cells is consistent with its proposed role as a processing enzyme that is involved in the generation of active peptide hormones.status: publishe