2,510 research outputs found
Extrapolation-Based Super-Convergent Implicit-Explicit Peer Methods with A-stable Implicit Part
In this paper, we extend the implicit-explicit (IMEX) methods of Peer type
recently developed in [Lang, Hundsdorfer, J. Comp. Phys., 337:203--215, 2017]
to a broader class of two-step methods that allow the construction of
super-convergent IMEX-Peer methods with A-stable implicit part. IMEX schemes
combine the necessary stability of implicit and low computational costs of
explicit methods to efficiently solve systems of ordinary differential
equations with both stiff and non-stiff parts included in the source term. To
construct super-convergent IMEX-Peer methods with favourable stability
properties, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions on the coefficient
matrices and apply an extrapolation approach based on already computed stage
values. Optimised super-convergent IMEX-Peer methods of order s+1 for s=2,3,4
stages are given as result of a search algorithm carefully designed to balance
the size of the stability regions and the extrapolation errors. Numerical
experiments and a comparison to other IMEX-Peer methods are included.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:1610.0051
Denominator Bounds and Polynomial Solutions for Systems of q-Recurrences over K(t) for Constant K
We consider systems A_\ell(t) y(q^\ell t) + ... + A_0(t) y(t) = b(t) of
higher order q-recurrence equations with rational coefficients. We extend a
method for finding a bound on the maximal power of t in the denominator of
arbitrary rational solutions y(t) as well as a method for bounding the degree
of polynomial solutions from the scalar case to the systems case. The approach
is direct and does not rely on uncoupling or reduction to a first order system.
Unlike in the scalar case this usually requires an initial transformation of
the system.Comment: 8 page
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Natural Language Inference for Hate Speech Detection in Languages with Limited Labeled Data
Most research on hate speech detection has focused on English where a
sizeable amount of labeled training data is available. However, to expand hate
speech detection into more languages, approaches that require minimal training
data are needed. In this paper, we test whether natural language inference
(NLI) models which perform well in zero- and few-shot settings can benefit hate
speech detection performance in scenarios where only a limited amount of
labeled data is available in the target language. Our evaluation on five
languages demonstrates large performance improvements of NLI fine-tuning over
direct fine-tuning in the target language. However, the effectiveness of
previous work that proposed intermediate fine-tuning on English data is hard to
match. Only in settings where the English training data does not match the test
domain, can our customised NLI-formulation outperform intermediate fine-tuning
on English. Based on our extensive experiments, we propose a set of
recommendations for hate speech detection in languages where minimal labeled
training data is available.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, Accepted at the 7th Workshop on Online Abuse and
Harms (WOAH), ACL 202
Composite Enclaves: Towards Disaggregated Trusted Execution
The ever-rising computation demand is forcing the move from the CPU to
heterogeneous specialized hardware, which is readily available across modern
datacenters through disaggregated infrastructure. On the other hand, trusted
execution environments (TEEs), one of the most promising recent developments in
hardware security, can only protect code confined in the CPU, limiting TEEs'
potential and applicability to a handful of applications. We observe that the
TEEs' hardware trusted computing base (TCB) is fixed at design time, which in
practice leads to using untrusted software to employ peripherals in TEEs. Based
on this observation, we propose \emph{composite enclaves} with a configurable
hardware and software TCB, allowing enclaves access to multiple computing and
IO resources. Finally, we present two case studies of composite enclaves: i) an
FPGA platform based on RISC-V Keystone connected to emulated peripherals and
sensors, and ii) a large-scale accelerator. These case studies showcase a
flexible but small TCB (2.5 KLoC for IO peripherals and drivers), with a
low-performance overhead (only around 220 additional cycles for a context
switch), thus demonstrating the feasibility of our approach and showing that it
can work with a wide range of specialized hardware
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