Le genre Thermobathynella Capart, 1951 (Bathynellacea, Malacostraca) et ses relations phylétiques

#Thermobathynella adami, recueillie dans une source chaude du Parc national de l'Upemba (Zaïre), est redécrite. Cette espèce est la quatrième jamais décrite de la famille des Parabathynellidae. Un nouvel examen de syntypes de cette espèce a permis de déterminer la position phylétique exacte du genre. Il fait partie du "groupe de genres #Cteniobathynella" et est étroitement affilié à ce dernier genre. La diagnose du genre #Thermobathynella$ est révisée. (Résumé d'auteur

Sea ice inhabiting Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) of the Weddell Sea (Antarctica)

Five species of harpacticoid copepods belonging to three families and four genera were collected from various samples of sea ice taken during five cruises of RV Polarstern to the Weddell Sea from 1985-89. One species is new and described, namely Hastigerella antarctica sp. n. Drescheriella racovitzai comb. n. (Griesbrecht, 1902), Harpacticus furcifer Giesbrecht, 1902 and Idomene antarctica (Giesbrecht, 1902) are redescribed. The fourth nauplius of an unknown representative of Ectinosomatidae is described as well as three naupliar stages of Harpacticus furcifer

An <i>r</i>-strategist in Antarctic pack ice

The Antarctic copepod Drescheriella glacialis, an inhabitant of sea ice, is the first polar invertebrate metazoan to have been cultured throughout its life cycle. We describe its demographic characteristics on the basis of a laboratory cohort study and correlative field data. When compared to its closest temperate zone relatives, D. glacialis shows temperate compensation of developmental and reproductive rates. A genuine r-strategist in every respect, it does not fit established trends for Antarctic invertebrates but appears well adapted to the peculiar spatio-temporal variability

Distribution and adaptations of sea ice inhabiting <i>Harpacticoida</i> (Crustacea, Copepoda) of the Weddell Sea (Antarctica)

Seven harpacticoid species were found to be associated with sea ice collected during 5 Antarctic cruises of the RV Polarstern. Their distribution within the fast ice and pack ice zones of the Weddell Sea is presented. Whereas some individuals probably become entrapped into the ice only accidentally, at least 4 species are genuinely sympagic. These have evolved remarkable adaptations, as evidenced by field and laboratory studies of Drescheriella glacialis, which is by far the most abundant. Such adaptations include: the ability to penetrate deep into ice; a comparatively high salinity tolerance allowing it to endure large salinity fluctuations associated with ice crystal formation and melting; good swimming ability, necessary both for horizontal dispersal and for a planktonic intermezzo after annual melting of the sea ice. D. glacialis is the first polar non-vertebrate metazoan to be cultivated through its entire life cycle. Its life history suggests an r-strategy; this would be the first indication of such a trait in the polar environment. A new species of Drescheriella, on the other hand, exhibits resting stages (CIV-V) known to date only for Calanoida but not reported for Harpacticoida

Comparing harpacticoid species diversity (Crustacea: Copepoda) of the Angola deep-sea Basin (Southeast Atlantic, DIVA 1) and the Northern Gulf of Mexico deep-sea

Identification of harpacticoid copepods sampled with a multiple corer during DIVA 1 expedition of RV METEOR (cruise M 48/1) from the Angola Basin yielded the enormous number of 684 species out of 2222 adult specimens. The species number is comparable to that provided by BAGULEY et al. (2006) for the Northern Gulf of Mexico deep-sea (696 species out of 3654 adults). However, BAGULEY et al. (2006) sampled 43 stations scattered over hundreds of kilometres, while we analysed data from only two stations 600 kilometres apart from each other. Regarding the two stations from the Angola Basin, significant diversity differences were detected, the Northern station # 346 being far more diverse than the Southern station # 325 with respect to species density

Staggering species diversity of Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) in the deep sea of the Angola Basin (southeast Atlantic)

DIVA 1 was the first of three cruises realized so far within the CeDAMar deep-sea project DIVA (Latitudinal Gradients of Deep-Sea BioDIVersity in the Atlantic). It took place in July/August 2000, sampling several locations in the Angola deepsea basin off Namibia. Investigations on the alpha-diversity of the harpacticoid fauna (Crustacea, Copepoda) of two repeatedly sampled stations using the Multicorer (MUC) (southern station #325 and northern station #346) revealed for the first time a significant diversity difference between two abyssal sites (Rose et al., 2005). While studies on alpha-diversity do not necessarily require explicit over-all taxonomic species determination, detailed community analyses of benthic associations certainly do. Recently, the Harpacticoida sampled at the above mentioned stations have been determined completely. In total, 16,350 specimens were collected. For further multivariate analyses, 75 MUC cores were randomly selected. They yielded 7,082 Harpacticoida, 4,860 (68.6%) of which being copepodids and 2,222 (31.4%) being adults. More than ¾ of the adult specimens are females. Due to damages, 67 individuals had to be excluded. Thus, a number of 2,155 adult Harpacticoida were analysed at species level. They distribute over 683 species, being only five (0.73%) known from other localities. More than half of the species (385, i.e. 56.4%) are represented by singletons, whereas few species like e.g. Argestes angolaensis George, 2009 (Argestidae) show remarkably high individual numbers. The results of a detailed community analysis are presented. They confirm a significant difference between the two Angola-basin stations

Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries

Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of stroke - the second leading cause of death worldwide - were conducted predominantly in populations of European ancestry(1,2). Here, in cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of 110,182 patients who have had a stroke (five ancestries, 33% non-European) and 1,503,898 control individuals, we identify association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci: 60 in primary inverse-variance-weighted analyses and 29 in secondary meta-regression and multitrait analyses. On the basis of internal cross-ancestry validation and an independent follow-up in 89,084 additional cases of stroke (30% non-European) and 1,013,843 control individuals, 87% of the primary stroke risk loci and 60% of the secondary stroke risk loci were replicated (P < 0.05). Effect sizes were highly correlated across ancestries. Cross-ancestry fine-mapping, in silico mutagenesis analysis(3), and transcriptome-wide and proteome-wide association analyses revealed putative causal genes (such as SH3PXD2A and FURIN) and variants (such as at GRK5 and NOS3). Using a three-pronged approach(4), we provide genetic evidence for putative drug effects, highlighting F11, KLKB1, PROC, GP1BA, LAMC2 and VCAM1 as possible targets, with drugs already under investigation for stroke for F11 and PROC. A polygenic score integrating cross-ancestry and ancestry-specific stroke GWASs with vascular-risk factor GWASs (integrative polygenic scores) strongly predicted ischaemic stroke in populations of European, East Asian and African ancestry(5). Stroke genetic risk scores were predictive of ischaemic stroke independent of clinical risk factors in 52,600 clinical-trial participants with cardiometabolic disease. Our results provide insights to inform biology, reveal potential drug targets and derive genetic risk prediction tools across ancestries.Paroxysmal Cerebral Disorder