Phase diagram of spin-11 chains with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

We investigate an antiferromagnetic spin-$1$ Heisenberg chain in the presence of Dyzaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMI) and an external magnetic field. We study the resulting spin chain using a combination of numerical and analytical techniques. Using DMRG simulations to determine the spectral gap and the entanglement spectrum, we map out the phase diagram as a function of magnetic field strength and DMI strength. We provide a qualitative interpretation for these numerical findings by mapping the spin-$1$ chain on a spin-$1/2$ ladder and using a bosonization approach.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

The accessory bacteriochlorophyll

The primary electron transfer in reaction centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides is studied by subpicosecond absorption spectroscopy with polarized light in the spectral range of 920-1040 nm. Here the bacteriochlorophyll anion radical has an absorption band while the other pigments of the reaction center have vanishing ground-state absorption. The transient absorption data exhibit a pronounced 0.9-ps kinetic component which shows a strong dichroism. Evaluation of the data yields an angle between the transition moments of the special pair and the species related with the 0.9-ps kinetic component of 26 +/- 8 degrees. This angle compares favorably with the value of 29 degrees expected for the reduced accessory bacteriochlorophyll. Extensive transient absorbance data are fully consistent with a stepwise electron transfer via the accessory bacteriochlorophyll

ZZE-Configuration of chromophore ß-153 in C-phycocyanin from Mastigocladus laminosus

The photochemistry of C-phycocyanin has been studied after denaturation in the dark. It shows an irreversible reaction which has characteristics of a Ζ,Ζ,Ε- to Z,Z,Z-isomerization of dihydrobilins. Its amplitude depends on the reaction conditions, with a maximum corresponding to 15% conversion of one of the three PC chromophores. This chromophore is suggested to be ß-153, for which recent X-ray data T. Schirmer, W. Bode, and R. Huber, J. Mol. Biol., submitted, show ring D being highly twisted out of the plane of the other rings. During unfolding, there is thus a probability of falling into the photochemically labile Z,Z,^-configuration

Phase diagram of spin-1 chains with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

We investigate an antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain in the presence of Dyzaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMI) and an external magnetic field. We study the resulting spin chain using a combination of numerical and analytical techniques. Using DMRG simulations to determine the spectral gap and the entanglement spectrum, we map out the phase diagram as a function of magnetic field strength and DMI strength. We provide a qualitative interpretation for these numerical findings by mapping the spin-1 chain on a spin-1/2 ladder and using a bosonization approach

Parafermion braiding in fractional quantum Hall edge states with a finite chemical potential

Parafermions are non-Abelian anyons which generalize Majorana fermions and hold great promise for topological quantum computation. We study the braiding of Z2n parafermions which have been predicted to emerge as localized zero modes in fractional quantum Hall systems at filling factor ν=1/n (n odd). Using a combination of bosonization and refermionization, we calculate the energy splitting as a function of distance and chemical potential for a pair of parafermions separated by a gapped region. Braiding of parafermions in quantum Hall edge states can be implemented by repeated fusion and nucleation of parafermion pairs. We simulate the conventional braiding protocol of parafermions numerically, taking into account the finite separation and finite chemical potential. We show that a nonzero chemical potential poses challenges for the adiabaticity of the braiding process because it leads to accidental crossings in the spectrum. To remedy this, we propose an improved braiding protocol which avoids those degeneracies

A CONCRETIZAÇÃO DO PRINCÍPIO DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA COMO LEGITIMIZADORA DA TRIBUTAÇÃO NO ESTADO DEMOCRÁTICO DE DIREITO: SOLIDARIEDADE E NEOLIBERALISMO

RESUMO Busca o presente trabalho analisar a imposição tributária estatal frente ao descumprimento do princípio basilar do Estado Democrático de Direito – a Dignidade da Pessoa Humana. Através do método dedutivo e de pesquisa doutrinária, concluiu-se que, embora o pagamento dos tributos seja uma expressão de solidariedade humana, para que todos possam viver dignamente em sociedade, o individualismo e o neoliberalismo, aliados à uma estrutura estatal brasileira que parece ter um fim em si mesmo, tornam questionável a própria tributação, cuja função única é servir ao interesse público, mais especificamente aos princípios que fundam o Estado Democrático de Direito.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Dignidade da pessoa Humana; Estado Democrático de Direito; Neoliberalismo; Solidariedade; Tributação. ABSTRACT Search this work to analyze the state tax levy against the breach of the basic principle of law of a democratic state - Dignity of the Human Person. By the deductive method and doctrinal research is concluded that although payment of taxes is an expression of human solidarity, so that everyone can live with dignity in society, individualism, neo-liberalism, combined with a Brazilian state structure that seems to have an end in itself, questionable itself taxation, whose sole function is to serve the public interest, specifically the principles that underlie the democratic rule of law. KEYWORDS: Dignity of the Human Person; Democratic State; Neoliberalism; Solidarity; Taxation.