Tvornost tujih in prevzetih glagolskih predpon v slovenščini

V Toporišičevi slovnici (2000: 215) v poglavju Besedotvorje in podpoglavju o izpeljavi glagolov iz glagolov s predlogi in členki so med predponami navedene tudi naslednje tuje predpone: a- (atrofirati), ab- (abdicirati), ad-/a- (asistirati), de- (defenestrirati), de-/dez- (demaskirati, dezangažirati), dis- (diskriminirati), dis- (diskvalificirati), e- (elidirati), eks- (ekshumirati), in-/im- (inkorporiratiimobilizirati), inter- (interpolirati), re- (reorganizirati). V prispevku so besedotvorne operacije, ki temeljijo na navedenih predponah, analizirane v okviru leksematskega besedotvornega pristopa, zlasti glede vprašanja njihove tvornosti (živosti). Empirično podprta analiza, ki temelji na korpusih Nova Beseda in Gigafida, kaže, da se nobeden od naštetih glagolov ne izkaže kot tvoren in da je treba "navidezno" izpeljane glagole kljub razlikam, ki zadevajo posamezne predpone, obravnavati kot izposojenke.In the grammar of Jože Toporišič (2000: 215) in the chapter Word formation under the title verb derivation with prepositions and particles, the following "loan" prefixes are listed: a- (atrofirati), ab- (abdicirati), ad-/a- (asistirati), de- (defenestrirati), de-/dez- (demaskirati, dezangažirati), dis- (diskriminirati), dis- (diskvalificirati), e- (elidirati), eks- (ekshumirati), in-/im- (inkorporiratiimobilizirati), inter- (interpolirati), re- (reorganizirati). In this paper, the operations of word formation are analysed within the theory of lexematic word formation approach underlining their productivity. This empirically based analysis on corpora Nova Beseda and Gigafida points out that no one amont the listed prefixes cannot be assumed as productive and that the "so called" derived verbs, in spite of differences among the prefixes should be treated as loan words

Ko vsak uporablja svoj lastni jezik in razume svojega sogovorca

Medjezikovno sporazumevanje je sporazumevalna praksa, pri kateri dve osebi govorita vsaka svoj jezik in se med seboj sporazumeta, ne da bi se prej (na)učili jezika svojega sogovorca. Običajno je to mogoče pri jezikih, ki pripadajo isti jezikovni družini, na primer med slovanskimi, romanskimi ali germanskimi jeziki. V članku predstavljamo pojem medjezikovnega razumevanja kot alternativo sporazumevanju v angleščini kot lingui franci. Tako sporazumevanje je od nekdaj obstajalo med Skandinavci, prvo metodo pa so razvili za romanske jezike (EuRomCom) v začetku 21. stoletja. Danes obstaja več metod tudi za germanske in slovanske jezike. V članku predstavimo nekatere od njih, pa tudi možne prakse za utrjevanje medjezikovnega sporazumevanja

Comparison of serum versus plasma collection in gas chromatography--mass spectrometry-based metabolomics

Bovine serum, EDTA-plasma and EDTA-plasma fortified with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) as antioxidant were compared with regard to their suitability for metabolomic studies. Metabolic fingerprints were generated from GC-TOF-MS data using the Leco ChromaTOF software in combination with the in-house retention time correction and data alignment tool INCA. A total of 6, 9 and 21 significant features with a false discovery rate of <0.05 were identified by INCA upon comparing EDTA- versus EDTA-ASA-plasma, EDTA-plasma versus serum and EDTA-ASA-plasma versus serum, respectively. To confirm that the observed signal intensities in the GC-TOF-MS fingerprints reflected true metabolite abundances, 19 amino acids, glucose and 6 organic acids were quantified by means of GC-MS using stable-isotope-labeled internal standards. As observed with the fingerprints, only the concentrations of lactate and citrate were found to be significantly lower in EDTA-plasma and serum, respectively, whereas the concentrations of the other metabolites were similar among the three sample types investigated