Biomass pyrolysis kinetics in a fluidized bed reactor: Measurements and plausibility verification for reaction conditions - Supplementary data set

A small-scale fluidized bed reactor is used to study pyrolysis kinetics of pulverized beech wood particles. The fluidized bed reactor realizes high particle heating rates (104 K/s) and high temperatures (up to 1473 K) to approximate flame-equivalent conditions of pulverized fuel boilers. Mass release rate is calculated based on time-dependent concentration profiles of 22 gas species measured with ex-situ FTIR gas analysis for batch-wise injected fuel samples. To verify if the determination of kinetic data from experiments is taking place in the reaction kinetic controlled regime, the Global Reaction Model (GRM) combined with an Arrhenius approach is used. A comparison with literature data shows that kinetic data can be measured reliable in the temperature range from 523 to 973 K. The obtained data sets are unique regarding their time resolution and number of investigated gas species, which promotes them to be used as validation data for network models in the given temperature range. For higher temperatures, the pyrolysis reaction is distorted by the insufficient gas transport to the ex-situ measurement device

Comparative Analysis of the Behaviour of Marine Litter in Thermochemical Waste Treatment Processes

Plastic in the ocean, especially plastic on the ocean surface is not only researched intensively but also photos and reports rise awareness of the challenge in the general public. While research is concerned with the fate of marine litter in the environment, recycling of these materials after collection is rarely addressed, mainly because there is neither considerable data on composition nor a suggested process to do so. This study is the first to analyse and evaluate chemical recycling (pyrolysis, gasification) and energy recovery (incineration) of marine litter. Two heterogenous marine litter samples from Sylt and Norderney, North Sea, Germany, were analysed, consisting of six different material groups. Agricultural mulch foil was used as reference material. The thermochemical treatment processes were reproduced by thermogravimetric analysis. Furthermore, pyrolysis trials on a semi-technical scale were conducted and the residues were analysed by proximate, ultimate and X-ray fluorescence analysis. The results indicate that heterogeneous and weathered material mixtures can be treated by thermochemical processes. Finally, the pyrolysis condensates are discussed as substrate for biotechnological upcycling. In summary, we present a comprehensive approach from the material characterisation of marine litter to the analysis of three different thermochemical treatment processes and the possibility to use the generated pyrolysis condensate for subsequent upcycling. The data collected form the basis for the evaluation and application of possible treatment options for the collected marine litter