TRANSPORT AND ECONOMIC BALANCE AND ITS ROLE IN THE COORDINATION OF TRANSPORT PLANNING DURING THE DIGITALIZATION ERA

Econometrics tools in framework of Transport and Economic Balance (TEB) for transport planning and forecasting are aimed at improving transport links and transport connectivity via accounting the ratio between the volume of production and consumption of goods and the demand for transport services for their import and export. The TEB’s econometrics model includes the basic balance equations that define its structure and formation rules. The transport and economic balance of the Russian Federation aggregate the actual and forecast freight flows and their correspondence between the regions of the country (OD-matrix) by rail, road, inland water and maritime transport by type of commodities. The balance of actual freight traffic built for 2007-2016 based on statistics for industrial production, domestic and external trade, construction, agriculture and energy, as well as statistics for rail, maritime, inland water and road transport. The forecast of the cargo base and freight traffic is built for the period up to 2030 using the scenarios and forecast estimations by the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, as well as the indices of regional economic development, considering the technological and transport connectivity of main cargo generating industries. The TEB will make it possible to calculate and substantiate the predicted impacts on the infrastructure considering various options for its reconstruction and development, changing routes, optimally distribute the forecasted flows over the network, considering the predicted characteristics of throughput, speeds and predictability of delivery time, workload of transport network and elimination of bottlenecks

Оxidizing processes in blood and aorta of hamsters in the conditions of design of peroxidative ateroarteriosclerosis’ model at chronic intoxication by sodium nitrate

В експерименті на 30 золотистих сірійских хом’яках виявлено, що хронічна інтоксикація нітратом натрію супровождується підвищенням продукції супероксидного аніон-радикала мікросомальним і мітохондріальним електронно-транспортними ланцюгами клітин аорти, активацією процесів пероксидного окиснення ліпідів та зменшення антиоксидантного потенціала в крові хом’яків, що робить предумови для розвитку атеросклеротичного пошкодження судин. Виявлено, що при пероксидному атероартеріосклерозі в умовах хронічної інтоксикації нітратом натрію значно активується пероксидне окиснення ліпідів, що носить декомпенсований характер.В эксперименте на 30 золотистых сирийских хомяках выявлено, что хроническая интоксикация нитратом натрия сопровождается повышением продукции супероксидного анион-радикала микросомальной и митохондриальной электронно-транспортными цепями клеток аорты, активацией процессов пероксидного окисления липидов и уменьшением антиоксидантного потенциала в крови хомяков, что создает предпосылки для развития атеросклеротического повреждения сосудов. Выявлено, что при пероксидном атероартериосклерозе в условиях хронической интоксикации нитратом натрия существенно активируется пероксидное окисление липидов, что носит декомпенсированный характер.In an experiment it is educed on 30 goldish Syrian hamsters, that chronic intoxication of nitrate of sodium is accompanied by the increase of products superoxide anionradical microsomal and mitohondrial electronno-transport chains of cells of aorta, activating of processes of peroxidic oxidization of lipids and diminishing of antioxidantic potential in blood of hamsters, that creates pre-conditions for development of atherosclerotic damage of vessels. It is educed, that at peroxidic ateroarteriosclerosis in the conditions of chronic intoxication nitrate of sodium is activate peroxidization of lipids substantially, that carries the decompensated character

Surface NMR sounding and inversion to detect groundwater in key aquifers in England : comparisons with VES-TEM methods.

This paper describes pilot experiments to assess the potential of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sounding and inversion for detecting groundwater at several sites in built-up, industrial and intensively cultivated regions in England where it is difficult to deploy large transmitter loops. The targets represent near-surface (ca. 1 m below the surface) and deep (>30 m) aquiferous (chalk, sand and gravel) deposits. The NUMIS field system was used in all the experiments and has infield processing and regularised one-dimensional (1D) inversion capabilities. All the sites were characterised by high noise levels and NMR depth soundings could only be effected using a small figure-of-eight loop for which the maximum depth of investigation was approximately 40–50 m. For comparison, conventional inductive and galvanic resistivity depth soundings were performed at these sites and the data have been inverted to yield the respective subsurface resistivity distributions. At two sites with shallow water levels, the location of the water deduced from inversion of NMR data corresponded with the water level measured in the nearby boreholes. For the site where the data quality is highest, the inverted profile of decay constants also corresponded with the known geology and the geoelectrical model. The NMR data from the other five sites are noisy and it is difficult to ascertain what aspects of the inversion models are correlatable to geoelectrical and geological data. The geoelectrical inversion results correlate with lithological and fluid content variations in the subsurface. It would appear that surface NMR (SNMR) sounding with figure-of-eight loop may be effective only when the ambient noise is less than 900 nV in the UK setting