Umweltpsychologisch intervenieren (Intervening environmental-psychologically)

Wenn wir einen Weg aus der Umweltkrise finden wollen, ist es unumgänglich, dass wir unser Verhalten irn Umgang mit natürlichen Ressourcen ändern - als Entscheidungsträgerinnen, Produzenten,· Konsumentinnen. Die Psychologie kann dazu einen Beitrag leisten, indem sie die Bedingungen von Umweltverhalten erforscht und daraus MaBnahmen zur Verhaltensänderung ableitet. Wenn psychologische Erkenntnisse und Methoden in die Entwicklung und Durchfuhrung von UmweltschutzmaBnahmen einbezogen werden, können viele Probleme vermieden werden, die immer wieder den Erfolg selbst sorgfältig geplanter und breit angelegter Interventionen gefährden. Geringe Akzeptanz und fehlende Motivation treten irn Allgemeinen nämlich dann auf, wenn die Bedürfnisse der betroffenen Personen nicht genügend beachtet werden. Durch den subjektiven Standpunkt, den die Psychologie einnimmt, können wir Wünsche und Befurchtungen hinsichtlich einer MaBnahme, aber auch allgemeine Einstellungen und Werte, Gewohnheiten und Lebensstile der Zielpersonen analysieren und bei der Realisierung von Interventionen berücksichtigen

Person oder Situation? Umweltpsychologische Interventionen zur Änderung individuellen Verhaltens

Changing a person’s conservation behavior requires determining his or her intentions and aspirations along with the actual behavioral options open to that person. Such an approach provides a basis for deciding whether psychological interventions (such as environmental education, attitude change, and confidence formation) or structural interventions (such as rewards and other sociocultural facilitations of some specific conservation activities) are the preferable strategy for behavior change. In this paper, we present the most central conservation psychological measures, and we illustrate under what conditions these measures are expected to be most effective

Person oder Situation? Umweltpsychologische Interventionen zur Änderung individuellen Verhaltens (Person or situation? Conservation-psychological interventions to change individual behavior)

Changing a person’s conservation behavior requires determining his or her intentions and aspirations along with the actual behavioral options open to that person. Such an approach provides a basis for deciding whether psychological interventions (such as environmental education, attitude change, and confidence formation) or structural interventions (such as rewards and other sociocultural facilitations of some specific conservation activities) are the preferable strategy for behavior change. In this paper, we present the most central conservation psychological measures, and we illustrate under what conditions these measures are expected to be most effective

Person oder Situation? Umweltpsychologische Interventionen zur Änderung individuellen Verhaltens (Person or situation? Conservation-psychological interventions to change individual behavior)

Changing a person’s conservation behavior requires determining his or her intentions and aspirations along with the actual behavioral options open to that person. Such an approach provides a basis for deciding whether psychological interventions (such as environmental education, attitude change, and confidence formation) or structural interventions (such as rewards and other sociocultural facilitations of some specific conservation activities) are the preferable strategy for behavior change. In this paper, we present the most central conservation psychological measures, and we illustrate under what conditions these measures are expected to be most effective

The motivational and instantaneous behavior effects of contexts : steps towards a theory of goal-directed behavior

Contextual conditions affect behavior in 2 ways: (a) They confront people with opportunities and obstacles that affect their motivation to take action; or (b) they instantaneously shape performance, regardless of a person's motivation and even without subjective acknowledgment of the conditions. Traditionally in psychology, the immediate behavioral consequences of a context are disregarded. Based on our theory of goal-directed behavior, we are able to disentangle the instant and the motivational behavioral consequences of contexts. In an example study, 40% of the variation in performance among 660 Swiss and Spanish pupils was explained by motivational differences. Instantaneous constraints and facilitations imposed on people's acts, in turn, revealed a set of Switzerland- and Spain-specific limitations and affordances (hit rate = 97.5%)

The theory of planned behavior without compatibility? : beyond method bias and past trivial associations

Overreliance on one measurement approach can challenge accurate statements about reality, as findings can represent by-products of the compulsory measurement paradigm. Within the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the compatibility principle represents one such strictly imposed paradigm. Using 2 cross-sectional surveys of 1,394 volunteers and involving structural equation models, we demonstrate that the widely employed practice of measuring TPB constructs is confounded with method-implied bias. This means the theory cannot conclusively reveal origins of a behavior. Our results also suggest that on an aggregated level, when method bias is eliminated, its constructs are linked in hypothesized ways. Adopting a more general model—thus, adopting a more traitlike conceptualization of attitudes—has interesting implications for social psychology and its current trends