Magnetic resonance imaging for deep infiltrating endometriosis: current concepts, imaging technique and key findings

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic disease affecting about 10% of reproductive-age women with symptoms like pelvic pain and infertility. Pathologically, it is defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity responsible for a chronic inflammatory process. For decades the diagnosis of endometriosis was based on surgical exploration and biopsy of pelvic lesions. However, laparoscopy is not a risk-free procedure with possible false negative diagnosis due to an underestimate of retroperitoneal structures such as ureters and nerves. For these reasons nowadays, the diagnosis of endometriosis is based on a noninvasive approach where clinical history, response to therapy and imaging play a fundamental role. Trans-vaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are suitable for recognizing most of endometriotic lesions; nevertheless, their accuracy is strictly determined by operators’ experience and imaging technique. This review paper aims to make radiologists aware of the diagnostic possibilities of pelvic MRI and familial with the MR acquisition protocols and image interpretation for women with endometriosis

Health Technology Assessment: a value-based tool for the evaluation of healthcare technologies. Reassessment of the cell-culture-derived quadrivalent influenza vaccine: Flucelvax Tetra® 2.0

1. Health Technology Assessment: strumento value‑based per la valutazione delle tecnologie sanitarie 2. Il burden dell'influenza stagionale in Italia 3. Epidemiologia dell’influenza stagionale in Italia 4. Vaccini antinfluenzali attualmente disponibili in Italia 5. Flucelvax Tetra®, il vaccino quadrivalente su coltura cellulare: una revisione sistematica e meta-analisi di immunogenicità, efficacia e sicurezza 6. Valutazione economica dell’introduzione del nuovo vaccino antinfluenzale quadrivalente da coltura cellulare nel contesto di cura italiano (update da nuova indicazione) 7. Aspetti organizzativi della vaccinazione antinfluenzale in Italia 8. Valutazione etica dell'introduzione del vaccino antinfluenzale quadrivalente da coltura cellulare 9. Il valore della vaccinazione antinfluenzale nel quadro più complesso della Value-Based Healthcare 10. Elelemnti chiave per il processo decisional

Educare per integrare: le sfide dei rifugiati all’apprendimento permanente nei contesti di istruzione terziaria.

Partendo dalla sfida che il processo di apprendimento permanente deve sostenere per favorire l’accesso ai sistemi di istruzione ed educazione terziaria da parte dei giovani e adulti rifugiati, il presente contributo offre una panoramica delle esperienze e dei risultati conseguiti dal Centro Servizio per l'Apprendimento Permanente dell'Università degli Studi di Bari (d’ora in poi CAP), che opera dal 2015 per sostenere l’integrazione accademica delle persone con background migratorio, in risposta alla crescente domanda di valutazione delle credenziali educative formali pregresse e di riconoscimento delle competenze professionali e trasversali. Vengono descritti, pertanto, la metodologia di lavoro e gli output prodotti dalle attività svolte dal Centro Servizi di Ateneo, al fine di sostenere, in un’ottica di sistema di apprendimento permanente, il processo di integrazione culturale e la partecipazione attiva sul territorio delle persone rifugiate

The Evaluation of Educational Credentials for Young Refugees Inclusion: an Explorative Research

In a historical moment such as this one marked by the Covid-19 emergency, characterised by the difficulty of access to resources for the inclusion of people with a migrant background, the need to rethink the actions that educational agencies must implement for the integration between the formal, non-formal and informal – also for the purposes of the recognition of educational credentials – strongly re-emerges (Merico and Scardigno, 2020). The process of recognition and subsequent validation aimed at migrants, in fact, «can increase participation in lifelong learning and access to the labour market» (Council of the European Union, 2012, p. 3; Souto-Otero and Villalba-Garcia, 2015, p. 588). Through the initial results of a critical review of the initiatives carried out in some North-East European countries, this contribution focuses on the experiences of validation of migrants’ skills, highlighting the role played by the connection between formal and informal systems and of no formal education in the processes of integration and enhancement of cultural capital. The aim of the research work is to reconsider the value of lifelong-learning processes, through a ‘polycentric’ structure of the training system which is far from being consolidated, yet which is decisive for the cultural and professional integration of young migrants, who are ‘challenging’ the traditional education and training system. In order to pursue this aim, an analysis of the scientific and grey literature of reference has been carried out, querying online databases and international search engines. The measures taken and described in the European Inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning show the importance of ensuring that recognition services should also be integrated with other forms of access to study and work, as migrants «are not a uniform group, but a very complex and heterogeneous one» (Clayton 2005; Sainsbury 2006; Souto-Otero and Villalba-Garcia, 2015, p. 596). The reflections reached also show the importance of ensuring a more fruitful dialogue between local governments and civil society and also of implementing measures to support tertiary education, especially for young refugees, as several Italian universities have already experimented, valuing informal education and skills acquired especially in non-formal contexts