Metabolic Factors and Their Influence on the Clinical Course and Response to HCV Treatment

Nowadays, direct-acting antivirals (DAA) have been used for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment leading to cure in 90–95% of non-cirrhotic patients depending on genotype, treatment experience, and regimen used. It was observed rates of antiviral response above 90% in compensated cirrhotic patients that should be treated for long time and/or ribavirin may be required. Metabolic syndrome, obesity, and insulin resistance are increasing worldwide and further contribute to hepatic steatosis and have long been recognized as a cause of lipid deposition in the liver. These factors affect the rate of antiviral response to interferon-based therapy, but it seems not impact DAA treatment. The effect of HCV eradication on hepatic steatosis and progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma warrants further study in the era of direct-acting antivirals. Other factors that could be related to increase liver damage are vitamin D and associated polymorphisms. Patients with low concentration of total vitamin D [25(OH)D] presented high degree of fibrosis and high values of total cholesterol and triglycerides. In this chapter, we review the challenges and metabolic pathology associated with HCV infection and, discuss the influence of some metabolic factors which can cause liver damage

A Cross Section Study to Determine the Prevalence of Antibodies against HIV Infection among Hepatitis B and C Infected Individuals

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-12-01T10:06:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 geane_flores_etal_IOC_2016.pdf: 295930 bytes, checksum: ed873280bd363d5f854cf8ea55438996 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-12-01T10:15:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 geane_flores_etal_IOC_2016.pdf: 295930 bytes, checksum: ed873280bd363d5f854cf8ea55438996 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-01T10:15:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 geane_flores_etal_IOC_2016.pdf: 295930 bytes, checksum: ed873280bd363d5f854cf8ea55438996 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.(1) BACKGROUND: There are limited data regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence among hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected individuals. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection among HIV individuals; (2) METHODS: A total of 409 patients (126 HBV+ and 283 HCV+) referred to the Brazilian Reference Laboratory for Viral Hepatitis from 2010 to 2013 donated serum samples. Anti-HIV, HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, anti-HBcIgM, anti-HBe, HBeAg, and anti-HCV antibodies were measured, and anti-HCV positive samples were tested for viral RNA and genotype; (3) RESULTS: The anti-HIV antibody prevalence was 10.31% and 4.59% among HBV+ and HCV+ patients, respectively. The HCV mean (SD) viral load was log 5.14 ± 1.64 IU/mL, and genotype I was most prevalent (163/283). Anti-HBs and anti-HBc were detected in 40% and 26% of HCV+ individuals, respectively. Among the HBV+ population, the presence of anti-HIV antibodies was associated with male gender, marital status (married), tattoo, sexual orientation, sexual practices (oral sex and anal sex), history of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), history of viral hepatitis treatment, and a sexual partner with hepatitis or HIV. For the HCV+ group, the presence of anti-HIV antibodies was associated with female gender, marital status (married), anal intercourse, previous history of STDs, and number of sexual partners; (4) CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of anti-HIV antibodies was found among individuals with HBV and HCV, showing the importance of education programmes towards HIV infection among HBV- and HCV-infected individuals

Hypovitaminosis D and its relation to demographic and laboratory data among hepatitis C patientes

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-19T13:49:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) adilson_almeida_etal_IOC-2015.pdf: 129039 bytes, checksum: d02848581445dd4525997677354ff94f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital Universitario de Valme. Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases and CIBERehd. Sevilla, Spain.Hospital Universitario de Valme. Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases and CIBERehd. Sevilla, Spain.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Hospital Universitário Clementino Frga Filho. Departamento de Medicina Clínica. Unidade de Hepatologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital Universitario de Valme. Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases and CIBERehd. Sevilla, Spain.The relationship betwen 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] serum levels and response to antiviral therapy and laboratory data in HCV infection remais unclear....