Implementazione della simulazione virtuale nelle attività formative professionalizzanti della Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia UNIVPM: progettazione di un laboratorio didattico sulla gestione del paziente critico in modalità blended

Virtual simulation is a type of simulation that places the participant in a central position, allowing the development of his “decision-making” in dynamic and immersive clinical environments both within and outside the hospital. The appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent impossibility of carrying out face-to-face lessons for safety reasons made it necessary to evaluate alternative teaching methods, such as virtual simulation. For this purpose, in the context of the Master's Degree Course in Medicine and Surgery of the Polytechnic University of Marche, it was fundamental and strategic to plan teaching in blended mode to guarantee the achievement of the educational objectives envisaged for the vocational training activities.La simulazione virtuale è un tipo di simulazione che pone il partecipante in una posizione centrale, permettendo lo sviluppo del suo “decision-making” in ambienti clinici dinamici ed immersivi sia intra, sia extra ospedalieri. La comparsa della pandemia COVID-19 e la conseguente impossibilità di effettuare lezioni in presenza per motivi di sicurezza, ha reso necessaria la valutazione di metodiche alternative di insegnamento, come per l’appunto la simulazione virtuale. A tale scopo, nell’ambito del Corso di Laurea Magistrale a Ciclo Unico in Medicina e Chirurgia dell’Università Politecnica delle Marche, è risultato fondamentale e strategico progettare un’attività didattica in modalità blended a garanzia del raggiungimento degli obiettivi formativi previsti per le attività formative professionalizzanti. &nbsp

Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: From the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) to the Italian Neurosurgical Society (SINch) Recommendations

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a progressively growing pathology to afford by a spinal surgeon due to the aging of the population, associated with better treatment manage-ment and the best diagnosis and treatment solutions are greatly discussed. Nowadays that scientific literature is progressively increasing to identify the gold standard in diagnosis and treatment can be very challenging. This is particularly evident in spinal surgery with many different indications not only in different countries but also in the same local reality. In this scenario, many neurosurgical societies works to identify some guideline or recommenda-tions to help spinal surgeons in daily practice. Furthermore, in an era in which legal issues are increasingly present in clinical practice to have some indications globally accepted can be very useful. World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) few years ago starts this process creating a list of recommendations originating from a worldwide steering com-mittee to respect all the local reality. The spinal section of Italian Neurosurgical Society de-cides to adopt the WFNS recommendations with some revision basing on Italian scenario. The steering committee of the Spinal Section of Italian Neurosurgical Society identify 7 groups to review the literature of the last 10 years about different topics on CSM and to analyses the WFNS recommendations to adapt it to the Italian daily practice. The state-ments were discussed and voted in 2 sessions to obtain the final version. A list of recom-mendations on natural course and clinical presentation; diagnostic tests; conservative and surgical treatment; anterior, posterior and combined surgical treatment; role of neurophys-iological monitoring and follow-up and outcome was created with only few new or revised statements respect the ones of WFNS. The Spine Section of Italian Neurosurgical Society create a list of recommendations that represent the more contemporary treatment concepts for CSM as presented in the highest quality clinical literature and best clinical practices available on this subject