50 research outputs found

    Üriner sistem infeksiyonlarında profi laksi

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    Üriner sistem infeksiyonları, kadınlar, renal transplantlı hastalar, spinal kord hasarı bulunanlar, üriner sistem anormallikleri olan erişkinler ile bebek ve çocuklarda tekrarlayabilmektedir. Bu hasta gruplarında, profi laksi uygulaması üriner sistem infeksiyonlarının tekrarlamasını azaltmaktadır. Bu derlemede, üriner sistem infeksiyonlarının önlenmesinde uygulanan profi laksi yaklaşımları gözden geçirilmiştir

    Prophylaxis against human immunodeficiency virus

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    HIV is transmitted mainly by sexual contact, exposure to blood, and perinatally. To reduce HIV transmission, pre-exposure and post-exposure antiretroviral prophylaxis are of great importance other than early diagnosis and treatment of HIV-infected people, safe sexual contact, male circumcision, prevention of common syringe use. In this review, post- and pre-exposure prophylaxis against HIV are evaluated. © 2016, AVES Ibrahim Kara. All rights reserved

    Biyoterorizm ve şarbon

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    Biyoterörizm kişiler, gruplar veya hükümetler tarafından ideolojik, politik, dini veya ekonomik kazanç sağlamak amacıyla biyolojik ajanların insanlarda, hayvanlarda ve bitkilerde hastalık oluşturmak ve/veya ölüme neden olmak amacıyla kullanılması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Acil servisler, hastalara müdahale sürecinde bu tür saldırılardan en çok etkilenecek birimlerdir. Acil servis hekimlerininde, biyoterorizmde kullanılan ajanlar ve neden olduğu semptomlar hakkında bilgili olmaları gerekir. Bu yazı, biyoterorizm ve biyoterorizmde sık kullanılan biyolojik silahlar arasında yer alan şarbon hakkında özet bilgiler içermektedir

    Cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklar (CYBH) için acil profilaksi uygulamaları

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    Tüm dünyada, önemli hastalık ve ölüm nedeni olan cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıkların sıklığı giderek artmaktadır. Bu hastalıklardan korunmada proflaktik tedavinin zamanında başlanması önemlidir. Bu yazıda cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıkların proflaksisi gözden geçirilmiştir

    Neurotoxoplasmosis in a Patient with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Magnetic Resonance and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Findings

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    Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an important public health problem. In recent years, opportunistic infections that can develop in patients with AIDS are rapidly diagnosed by imaging modalities. A 31-year-old HIV-positive male patient presented with fever, headache and progressive bilateral muscle weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple mass lesions with peripheral edema. In MR spectroscopy (S), lactate-lipid peak was detected. Hemorrhagic transformation was observed in some lesions in control brain MRI. Here, we aimed to present MRI and MRS findings of a patient with neurotoxoplasmosis and to demonstrate that hemorrhagic transformation may develop during follow-up and treatment.C1 [Cakmak, Pinar Gulmez] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Radiol, Fac Med, Denizli, Turkey.[Kutlu, Selda Sayin] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Infect Dis & Clin Microbiol, Fac Med, Denizli, Turkey

    Acquired immune deficiency syndrome showing its first symptom with nervous system involvement

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    Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is increasingly common today and the diversity of its clinical presentation makes the diagnosis difficult. The virus can cause neurologic involvement in the entire nervous system through direct action or opportunistic infections. HIV-associated neurocognitive disease, HIV encephalopathy, HIV-associated vacuolar myelopathy, and distal symmetric polyneuropathy are some of the neurologic involvements. The aim of this article was to present patients who were admitted to Pamukkale University Hospital, Neurology Clinic with neurologic symptoms as the first clinical evidence of HIV infection, and to compare their patterns of neurologic involvement with patterns in the literature. © 2020 by Turkish Neurological Society

    Prevalence and risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization among outpatients undergoing hemodialysis treatment

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    Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is frequent among hemodialysis patients and lead to increased morbidity and mortality rates. It is known that nasal colonization plays an important role for the development of MRSA infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for MRSA colonization among outpatients undergoing hemodialysis. A total of 466 adult patients (199 female, 267 male; age range: 18-89 years, mean age: 55.8 ± 15.1 years) who were under hemodialysis between September-December 2008 in different health centers at Pamukkale/ Denizli region, Turkey, were included in the study. Swab samples obtained from anterior nares of patients were cultivated on sheep-blood agar and mannitol-salt agar media. The isolates were identified by conventional bacteriological methods. S.aureus strains were isolated from 204 (43.8%) patients and 34 (16.7%) were found methicillin-resistant. Thus the rate of MRSA colonization in hemodialysis patients was detected as 7.3% (34/466). All of the MRSA strains'were found susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid and tigecycline, while the resistance rates for the other antimicrobial agents were as follows: 70.6% to azithromycin and claritromycin; 64.7% to erythromycin; %58.8 to clindamycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; 55.9% to ciprofloxacin; 44.1% to tetracycline and rifampin; 5.9% to chloramphenicol. Inducible clindamycin resistance in MRSA isolates was %23.5 (8/34), and multidrug resistance rate was 76.5% (26/34). Multivariate analysis revealed that the history of previous hospitalization within a year [odds ratio (OR), 3.426; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.595-7.361, p= 0.002] and the presence of chronic obstructive lung disease (OR, 5.181; 95% CI, 1.612-16.648, p= 0.006) were independent risk factors for MRSA colonization in this population. A better understanding of the prevalence and risk factors for nasal MRSA colonization among hemodialysis population may hold significant implications for both the treatment strategies and prevention of MRSA infections to establish appropriate infection control measures

    Viral Baskılanma Sağlanan Kronik Hepatit B Hastasında Hepatoselüler Kanser Gelişimi

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    Kronik hepatit B tedavisinin amaçlarından biri olan hepatoselüler kanser (HSK) gelişiminin önlenmesinde, viral replikasyonun baskılanması müdahale edilebilir başlıca faktördür. Bu bildiride, antiviral tedaviyle viral baskılanma sağlanmasına rağmen HSK gelişen, 73 yaşındaki kadın olgu sunulmaktadır. Kronik hepatit B saptanan, anti-HBe-pozitif ve viral yükü 1.01x106 İÜ/ml olan hastaya telbivudin tedavisi başlandı. Hızlı virolojik yanıt alınan ve viral baskılaması devam etmekte olan hastada, tedavinin 30'uncu ayında ?-fetoprotein değeri 121 ng/lt olarak saptandı. Yapılan üst karın manyetik rezonans görüntülemesinde karaciğerde HSK ile uyumlu kitle saptandı ve biyopsiyle tanı doğrulandı. Hasta kemo-embolizasyon yöntemiyle tedavi edildi. Viral baskılanma sağlanmış olsa da kronik hepatit B hastalarında, bu olguda olduğu gibi ileri yaş, trombositopeni ve diğer HSK risk faktörlerinin varlığında, kontrol ve HSK taramalarının düzenli olarak yapılması yararlı olacaktır
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