Evaluating the facial esthetic outcomes of digital smile designs generated by artificial intelligence and dental professionals

This study evaluates the preference rates for smile designs created by professionals or by Artificial Intelligence (AI) among dentists, dentistry students, and laypeople. Four cases with symmetrical and asymmetrical features were selected based on the Facial Flow (FF) concept from the database of the Smile Designer app regarding anatomical facial points. Two smile designs were created for each selected case: one using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and one created manually. An online survey assessed participants' preferences for the different smile designs. The chi-square test "Pearson's and Fisher's exact test (P)" was used to analyze the survey data. A total of 628 people completed the study. Dentists preferred the manually-created smile design for the first three cases. For Case 4, dentists who used the Smile Designer program preferred the manually-created design (55.88%), while those who did not use the program preferred the AI-generated design (55.84%). There was a significant difference in esthetic perception between dentists and dental students (p = 0.001) and between dentists and laypeople (p = 0.001) for Case 1, only between dentists and dental students (p = 0.003) for Case 2, and only between dentists and laypeople (p = 0.001) for Case 3. Furthermore, we found that females (p = 0.007) and orthodontists (p = 0.025) had a higher preference for the AI-generated design in this case compared to males and other dental specialties for Case 3. While age, education level, and clinical experience did not significantly impact dentists' preference for manually-created or AI-generated smile designs (p > 0.05), our results suggest that there were some differences in preference for Case 3. Overall, our findings suggest that the use of AI-generated smile designs for symmetric faces is acceptable to both dentists and laypeople and can offer time-saving benefits for clinicians

Non-sendromik dudak damak yarığı hastalarında multidisipliner tedavi: 2 vaka raporu

Objective: It is intended in this case report to explain the multidisciplinary treatment of 2 non-syndromic cleft lip and palate patients with different approaches, the treatment phases of prosthetic rehabilitation and the results obtained. Case Reports:15-year-old unilateral cleft lip and palate patient and 25-year-old bilateral cleft lip and palate patient was admitted to our clinic with the functional and aesthetic complaints. Orthodontic, surgical and prosthetic treatments were applied Results: With multidisciplinary treatments aesthetic and functional solutions were provided. Aesthetic and functional results were obtained for both cases with fixed restorations. The treatments protocols had no complications. The outcomes were of high quality and brought satisfaction to the patients. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary treatment should be considered in cleft lip and palate patients in order to be able to fully ensure speech and hearing, continuation of occlusion and maxillofacial growth in the normal course and the improvement of physical appearance and psychological state. However, different treatment plans should be considered in its different timing for each case.Amaç: Bu vaka raporunda 2 non-sendromik dudak damak yarıklı vakanın farklı yaklaşımlarla protetik tedavisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Vaka Raporu: 15 yaşında tek taraflı dudak damak yarıklı erkek hasta ve 25 yaşında çift taraflı dudak damak yarıklı kadın hastalarımız kliniğimize estetik ve fonksiyon kaybından dolayı başvurmuşlardır. Ortodontik, cerrahi ve prostodontik yaklaşımlarla hastalara uygulanmıştır. Her iki vakada da sabit protetik restorasyonlar protokolleri uygulanan hastalarımızda herhangi bir komplikasyon gözlemlenmemiştir. Tedaviler yüksek hayat kalitesi ve memnuniyet sağlamıştır. Sonuçlar: Dudak damak yarıklı hastalarda; konuşma, maxillofacial büyümenin normal seyrinde devamı, fiziksel görünüşün arttırılması ve psikolojik durumun düzeltilmesi için multidisipliner yaklaşım gereklidir. zamanlamaları değerlendirilmelidir

Effect of simulated gastric acid on aesthetical restorative CAD-CAM materials' microhardness and flexural strength

Background: Gastric acid, which is among erosive substances, gradually rises to the mouth in individuals with reflux and bulimia nervosa disorders, and this causes various effects on dental restorations. Aim: The objective of this study is in vitro investigation of gastric acid's effect on flexural strength and hardness on aesthetic restorative computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials. Materials and Methods: For this study, four materials have been used, namely Enamic (Vita), Superfect Zir (Aidite) Zirconia, IPS e.max CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent), and Mark II (Vita). From these four different materials, 24 samples with 14 × 4 × 1 dimensions in rectangular prism form are used, which makes a total of 96 samples. One group was separated as the control group, while the rest was allowed to wait at 37°C, 5 ml gastric acid for 96 hours. Hardness value and flexural strengths were measured as pre-exposure and post-exposure to gastric acid. Results: There is a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the amount of decrease in the mean hardness after exposure to gastric acid compared to pre-exposure values (p: 0,000; P 0.05). There is a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the average flexural strength after exposure to the acid. Conclusions: According to the data obtained, it was concluded that exposure to gastric acid affects the hardness and flexural strength properties of dental restorative ceramic materials

Farklı asitleme işlemlerinin lityum disilikat seramik sistemlerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve bağlanma dayanımı üzerine etkileri

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı hidroflorik (Hf) asit ve ısıyla uygulanan deneysel asit ile pürüzlendirilmiş lityum disilikat seramiklerin rezin siman ile mikro gerilim bağlanma dayanımlarını değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler:Bu çalışmada 24 adet çürüksüz insan üçüncü molar diş kullanıldı. Dişler akrilik rezin bloklara mine-sement sınırının 2 mm aşağısında olacak şekilde gömüldü. Dişler üzerinde paraskop yardımıyla sınıf I inley kaviteler açıldı. Lityum disilikat seramik restorasyonlar üretici firma talimatına göre üretildi. Örnekler 2 gruba ayrıldı. 1) % 9’ luk Hf asit 20 sn), 2) ısıyla uygulanan deneysel asit 30 dk. Simantasyon işlemlerinden sonra örnekler termal siklusa (5000 siklus) tabi tutuldu. Sonrasında örneklere 1 mm/dk hızla mikro gerilim bağlanma testi uygulandı. Elde edilen değerlere bağımsız Örneklem T testi yapıldı (p=0.05). Yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve mikro gerilim bağlanma değerleri arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmek amacıyla pearson korelasyon katsayısıyla korelasyon testi yapıldı (p=0.01).Bulgular:Hf asit lityum disilikat seramik yüzeylerinde deneysel asit ve ısıyla karşılaştırıldığında daha fazla pürüzlülüğe ve mikro gerilim bağlanma değerlerine neden olmuştur. Pearson korrelasyon sayısı, pürüzlülük ile mikro gerilim bağlanma değerleri arasında yüksek bir değerle pozitif yönde bir korelasyon olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuçlar:Hf asitin toksik etkileri nedeniyle lityum disilikat içerikli cam seramikleri pürüzlendirmede Hf asitten daha iyi alternatif metodların arayışı devam etmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler:Deneysel sıcak asit, Hf asit, Mikro gerilim bağlanma dayanım

Effect of surface treatment and luting agent type on shear bond strength of titanium to ceramic materials

PURPOSE. This study aimed to compare the efect of diferent surface treatments and luting agent types on the shear bond strength of two ceramics to commercially pure titanium (Cp Ti). MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 160 Cp Ti specimens were divided into 4 subgroups (n = 40) according to surface treatments received (control, 50 μm airborne-particle abrasion, 110 μm airborne-particle abrasion, and tribochemical coating). The cementation surfaces of titanium and all-ceramic specimens were treated with a universal primer. Two cubic all-ceramic discs (lithium disilicate ceramic (LDC) and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLC)) were cemented to titanium using two types of resin-based luting agents: self-cure and dual-cure (n = 10). After cementation, all specimens were subjected to 5000 cycles of thermal aging. A shear bond strength (SBS) test was conducted, and the failure mode was determined using a scanning electron microscope. Data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA, and the Tukey-HSD test was used for post hoc comparisons P(<.05). RESULTS. Signifcant diferences were found among the groups based on surface treatment, resin-based luting agent, and ceramic type P(<.05). Among the surface treatments, 50 μm air-abrasion showed the highest SBS, while the control group showed the lowest. SBS was higher for dual-cure resin-based luting agent than self-cure luting agent. ZLC showed better SBS values than LDC. CONCLUSION. The cementation of ZLC with dual-cure resin-based luting agent showed better bonding efectiveness to commercially pure titanium treated with 50 μm airborne-particle abrasion

Effects of different etching processes on surface roughness and bond strength of lithium disilicate ceramic systems

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı hidroflorik (Hf) asit ve ısıyla uygulanan deneysel sıcak asit ile pürüzlendirilmiş lityum disilikat seramiklerin rezin siman ile mikro gerilim bağlanma dayanımlarını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu çalışmada 24 adet çürüksüz insan üçüncü molar diş kullanıldı. Dişler akrilik rezin bloklara mine-sement sınırının 2 mm aşağısında olacak şekilde gömüldü. Dişler üzerinde parallelometre yardımıyla sınıf I inley kaviteler açıldı. Lityum disilikat seramik restorasyonlar üretici firma talimatına göre üretildi. Örnekler 2 gruba ayrıldı. 1) % 9’luk Hf asit 20 sn, 2) deneysel sıcak asit 30 dk. Seramik yüzeylerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü AFM altında değerlendirildi (n=12). Dual şertleşen rezin siman ile simantasyondan sonra örnekler termal siklusa (5000 siklus) tabi tutuldu ardından elmas separe ile seramik ve dişten oluşan 1.2 mm2 ’lik mikrobarlar elde edildi. Her grup için her dişten en uygun iki mikrobar mikrogerilim testi için kullanıldı (n=24). Sonrasında örneklere 1 mm/dk hızla mikro gerilim bağlanma testi uygulandı. Elde edilen değerlere bağımsız örneklem T testi yapıldı (P=0.05). Yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve mikro gerilim bağlanma değerleri arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmek amacıyla Pearson korelasyon katsayısıyla korelasyon testi yapıldı (P=0.01). Bulgular: Deneysel sıcak asit uygulanan grubun ortalama değerleri Hf asit uygulanan gruptan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşüktür (P<0.05). Deneysel sıcak asit uygulanan grubun mikro gerilim bağlanma değerleri Hf asit uygulanan gruptan anlamlı derecede düşüktür (P<0.05). Pearson korelasyon katsayısı, pürüzlülük ile mikro gerilim bağlanma değerleri arasında yüksek bir değerle pozitif yönde bir korelasyon olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç: Hf asit, lityum disilikat içerikli cam seramikleri pürüzlendirmede ve bağlantı dayanımlarını arttırmada deneysel sıcak asitten daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir.Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strengths of resin cement, and lithium disilicate ceramics etched with hydrofluouric (Hf) acid and experimental hot etching acid. Methods: In this study, 24 non-carious human third molar teeth were used. Teeth were embedded in chemically cured acrylic resin blocks up to 2 mm below the cemento-enamel junction. Class I inlay cavity was prepared using a milling machine. Lithium disilicate restorations were prepared to manufacturer’ s instructions. Specimens were divided into 2 groups. 1) etched with % 9 Hf (20 sec), 2) experimental hot etching (30 min). Ceramic surfaces were evaluated under an AFM (n=12). After dual cure resin cement cementation process, the specimens were thermal cycled (5000 cycles). The top half consisting of ceramic and the bottom half consisting of dentin microbars were sectioned into 1.2 mm2 wide sections. For each group most suitable 2 microbars were used for microtensile test (n=24). Then 1mm/min speed microtensile bond strength test was applied. Sample T-test was used to analyze surface roughness and microtensile bond strength values of variance (P=0.05). Correlation test was used to analyze relationship between the Surface roughness and microtensile bond strength values (P=0.01). Results: Mean values of experimental hot acid treated group were significantly lower than Hf acid treated group (P<0.05). Micro-tensile bonding values of experimental hot acid treated group were significantly lower than Hf acid treated group (P <0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficient indicates a positive correlation between the roughness and microtensile bonding values. Conclusions: Hf acid resulted higher surface roughness and microtensile bonding values on lithium disilicate ceramic surfaces when compared with experimental hot etching acid

Effect of mucosa thicknesses on stress distribution of implant-supported overdentures under unilateral loading: Photoelastic analysis

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different heights of attachment and mucosa thicknesses on the stress distribution of two implant-retained mandibular overdenture designs under loading using the photoelastic stress analysis method. Materials and methods: Six photoelastic models of an edentulous mandibula were fabricated with two solitary implants that were placed in the canine regions. The attachment systems studied were ball and locator stud attachments. Both the ball and locator groups included three models that had different residual ridge heights so as to provide different mucosa thicknesses (1 mm-1 mm, 1 mm-2 mm, 1 mm-4 mm). A static vertical force of 135 N was applied unilaterally (each on the right then the left side) to the central fossa of the first molars. Models were positioned in the field of a circular polariscope to observe the distribution of isochromatic fringes around the implants and the interimplant areas under loading. The photoelastic stress fringes were monitored and recorded photographically. Results: The ball attachment groups showed higher stress values than did the locator groups under loading. Both attachment systems produced the lowest stress values in stimulated 1 mm-1 mm mucosa thickness models. The models with 1 mm-2 mm mucosa thicknesses showed higher stress values than did other models for both attachment systems. The highest stress value observed around both attachment systems was the moderate level in all test models. Conclusion: In different height mucosa thicknesses, locator attachment models distributed the load to the other side of the implant and its surrounding tissue, whereas the ball attachment did not. Regardless of mucosal thickness and attachment type, the implant on the loading side was subjected to the highest stress concentration.Selcuk Universit

Management of restricted mouth opening caused by radiation: A clinical report

WOS: 000371280600002PubMed ID: 26548882Trismus, a commonly observed sequela in patients who have undergone radiation therapy to treat malignancies of the head and neck, causes a loss of function that reduces patients' overall quality of life. Radiation can cause intense fibrosis in the masticatory muscles, and this fibrosis may lead to trismus. This clinical report describes the management of a patient with radiation-induced trismus who was treated with a custom-made mouth-opening device. The device had maxillary and mandibular sections, was made of a thermoactive acrylic resin material, and was connected with 2 vertical screws in the right and left canine regions. The screws were adjusted daily to increase the oral opening, such that each turn of the screws increased the opening by 0.25 mm. With the help of this device, at the end of a 4-month follow-up period, the patient's maximal interdental distance had increased from 7.16 mm to 19.50 mm. The intraoral opening device described in this study is useful for achieving a vertical opening sufficient to perform dental treatment

Peri-implant defektlerinin tedavisini takiben yapılan vida retansiyonlu bir hibrid protez: Olgu bildirisi

The etiology of marginal bone loss around osseointegrated implants is primarily based on the biomechanical and/or microbial factors. If stresses and strains around dental implants under functional loading conditions are expected to exceed the physiologic tolerance thresholds of the alveolar bone, the fixed hybrid prosthesis might be a more reliable treatment of choice instead of fixed metal ceramic restorations. The purpose of this article is to report the 1-year follow-up of the periodontal and prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient who has presented with symptoms of peri-implantitis due to incorrectly planned implant supported fixed metal ceramic bridge which was later replaced with screw-retained hybrid prosthesis following the treatment of peri-implant defects. Treatment helped to maintain patient's self-confidence and comfort, as well as favorable masticatory function. Rehabilitation with screw retained hybrid prosthesis is an ideal treatment of choice for maxillomandibular skeletal discrepancies.Osseointegre implantların etrafındaki kemik kaybının etyolojisi, primer olarak biyomekanik ve/veya mikrobiyal faktörlere dayanır. İnsan çene kemiklerinde oluşan gerilme ve gerilim kuvvetlerinin fizyolojik tolerans eşiğinin üstünde olduğu durumlarda; sabit metal seramik restorasyonların yerine, sabit hibrid protezler daha güvenilir bir tedavi seçeneği olabilir. Bu olgu bildirisinin amacı, yanlış olarak planlanmış implant destekli sabit bir metal seramik köprüye sahip olan ve mevcut implantlarında peri-implantitis bulunan bir hastanın; peri-implant defektlerinin tedavisi sonrasında periodontal ve protetik rehabilitasyonun 1 yıllık takibini sunmaktır. Yapılan tedavi, hastanın hem özgüveninin ve rahatının kazandırılmasını, hem de etkili bir çiğneme fonksiyonuna sahip olmasını sağlamıştır. Vida retansiyonlu hibrid protezler ile yapılan oral rehabilitasyon, maksillomandibular iskeletsel malokluzyonlar için ideal bir tedavi seçeneğidir

Glaze işlemlerinin konvansiyonel ve CAD/CAM hibrit seramiklerin renk stabilizasyonunun üzerine etkisi: Karşılaştırmalı çalışma

Objective: Ceramic glazing and polishing are important for patient satisfaction and long-term clinical success. Till date, no study has compared color changes after glazing procedures between conventional and more recently introduced ceramics. In this study, we investigated the effects of glazing procedures on the color stability of conventional and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) hybrid ceramics using a spectrophotometer.Materials and Methods: Eighty-four disc-shaped specimens were fabricated with seven different dental porcelain materials according to the manufacturers' instructions (n=12 each): Ivoclar IPS DSign, Vita Omega 900, Ceramco III, Vita Mark II, Vita Enamic, GC Cerasmart, and Vita Suprinity. Both sides of the specimens were polished with wet 600-, 1000-, and 1500-grit aluminium oxide abrasive papers, and color values (L*, a*, b*) were measured using a spectrophotometer before and after glazing. Treatment-induced changes in the specimen color and topography were evaluated and recorded. The color change (Delta E) was calculated from the changes in the mean L*, a*, and b* values. All data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Wilcoxon tests (95% confidence interval).Results: Color changes were below the clinically perceptible level (Delta E, <3.7) in all specimens. Color change values after the glazing procedures were 2.27 +/- 0.55, 2.99 +/- 0.67, 1.01 +/- 0.58, 1.62 +/- 0.70, 0.74 +/- 0.45, 1.35 +/- 0.52, and 1.37 +/- 0.72 for Ivoclar IPS DSign, Vita Omega 900, Ceramco III, Vita Mark II, GC Cerasmart, Vita Enamic, and Vita Suprinity, respectively; thus, there were significant differences between the conventional and CAD/CAM ceramics (p<0.05). The conventional ceramic Vita Omega 900 presented the least color stability, while the CAD/CAM ceramic GC Cerasmart presented the maximum color stability.Conclusion: Glazing procedures do not cause evident changes in the color of conventional and CAD/CAM hybrid ceramics, although the color stability of the latter is better than that of the former.Amaç: Seramik glaze ve parlatma işlemleri hasta memnuniyeti ve uzun süreli klinik başarı için önemlidir. Bugüne kadar hiçbir çalışma,geleneksel ve daha yeni tanıtılan seramikler arasındaki glaze işlemlerinden sonra renk değişimlerini karşılaştırmamıştır. Bu çalışmadaglaze prosedürlerinin bir spektrofotometre kullanarak geleneksel ve bilgisayar destekli tasarım/bilgisayar destekli üretim (CAD/CAM)hibrit seramiklerin renk stabilitesi üzerindeki etkilerini araştırılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Üretici firma talimatlarına göre seksen dört disk şeklindeki örnekten yedi farklı porselen malzemesi ile üretildi(n=12): Ivoclar IPS DSign, Vita Omega 900, Ceramco III, Vita Mark II, Vita Enamic, GC Cerasmart ve Vita Suprinity. Numunelerinher iki tarafı 600-, 1000- ve 1500-grit alüminyum oksit aşındırıcı kağıtlarla aşındırılmış ve glaze işleminden önce ve sonra birspektrofotometre kullanılarak renk değerleri (L*, a*, b*) ölçülmüştür. Örneklerin rengindeki ve topografisindeki tedaviye bağlıdeğişiklikler değerlendirildi ve kaydedildi. Renk değişimi (∆E), ortalama L*, a* ve b* değerlerindeki değişikliklerden hesaplandı. Tümveriler Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U ve Wilcoxon testleri kullanılarak analiz edildi (%95 güven aralığı).Bulgular: Renk değişiklikleri tüm örneklerde klinik olarak algılanabilir seviyenin (ΔΕ <3,7) altındaydı. Glaze işlemlerinden sonra renkdeğişimi değerleri sırasıyla Ivoclar IPS DSign, Vita Omega 900, Ceramco III, Vita Mark II, GC Cerasmart, Vita Enamic ve Vita Suprinityiçin 2,27±0,55, 2,99±0,67, 1,01±0,58, 1,62±0,70, 0,74±0,45, 1,35±0,52 ve 1,37±0,72 olarak bulundu; bu nedenle, konvansiyonelve CAD/CAM seramikleri arasında önemli farklılıklar vardı (p<0.05). Geleneksel seramik Vita Omega 900 en düşük renk stabilitesinisunarken, CAD/CAM seramik GC Cerasmart maksimum renk stabilitesini sundu.Sonuç: Glaze prosedürleri, konvansiyonel ve CAD/CAM hibrit seramiklerin renginde belirgin değişikliklere neden olmamakla birlikte,işlem sonrasının renk stabilitesi öncekinden daha iyidir