Analysis and Design of E-mail Systems for Disabled Population

Email being a formal way of communication is an inextricable part of our life. Mostly keyboard and mouse is used as input devices and the differently abled people face problems to use these devices for accessing emails. This paper presents study of the existing email systems available for the differently abled people with their pros and cons, and suggests a generic system that can help the disabled people access email accounts efficiently. We are focusing on general population with different disabilities

Phase 3 randomised study evaluating the addition of low-dose nivolumab to palliative chemotherapy in head and neck cancer.

Background: The regimens approved for the treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are accessible to only 1-3% of patients in low and middle-income countries due to cost. In our previous study, metronomic chemotherapy (MC) improved survival in this setting. Retrospective data suggest that a low dose of nivolumab may be efficacious. Hence, we aimed to assess whether the addition of low dose nivolumab to MC improved the overall survival.Methods: This was a randomised phase 3 superiority open-label study. Adult patients with relapsed -recurrent or newly diagnosed advanced HNSCC being treated with palliative intent with ECOG PS 0-1 were eligible. Patients were randomised 1:1 to MC consisting of methotrexate 15 mg/m2 PO weekly, celecoxib 200 mg PO daily and erlotinib 150 mg PO daily, or MC with intravenous nivolumab 20 mg flat dose once-every-3-weeks. Therapy was continued until disease progression or intolerable adverse events. Response assessment (RECIST version 1.1) was performed every 2 months. The primary endpoint was 1-year overall survival (OS) and this was a pre-specified interim analysis with the nominal p-value for efficacy being 0.006.Results: 151 patients were randomised, 75 in MC and 76 in the MC-I arm respectively. The addition of low dose nivolumab led to an improvement in the 1-year overall survival from 16.3% (95%CI 7.95-27.4) to 43.4% (95% CI 30.8-52.3) [Hazard ratio-0.545; 95%CI 0.362-0.82; P=0.00358]. The median overall survival in MC and MC-I arms was 6.7 months (95%CI 5.83 -8.07) and 10.1 months (95%CI 7.37-12.63) respectively (P=0.0052). The median progression-free survival in MC and MC-I arms was 4.57 months (95%CI 4.2 -5.3) and 6.57 months (95%CI 4.43-8.9) respectively (P=0.0021). Response rate in MC and MC-I arm were 49.3% (95% CI 37.8-60.8) and 65.2% (95%CI 53.4-75.4) respectively (P=0.085). The rate of grade 3 and above adverse events was 50% and 46.1% in MC and MC-I arm respectively (P=0.744).Conclusions: In this first-ever randomised study, the addition of low dose nivolumab led to improved overall survival and is an alternative standard of care for those who cannot access full dose nivolumab. Clinical trial information: CTRI/2020/11/028953

Phase 3 randomised study evaluating the addition of low-dose nivolumab to palliative chemotherapy in head and neck cancer.

Background: The regimens approved for the treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are accessible to only 1-3% of patients in low and middle-income countries due to cost. In our previous study, metronomic chemotherapy (MC) improved survival in this setting. Retrospective data suggest that a low dose of nivolumab may be efficacious. Hence, we aimed to assess whether the addition of low dose nivolumab to MC improved the overall survival.Methods: This was a randomised phase 3 superiority open-label study. Adult patients with relapsed -recurrent or newly diagnosed advanced HNSCC being treated with palliative intent with ECOG PS 0-1 were eligible. Patients were randomised 1:1 to MC consisting of methotrexate 15 mg/m2 PO weekly, celecoxib 200 mg PO daily and erlotinib 150 mg PO daily, or MC with intravenous nivolumab 20 mg flat dose once-every-3-weeks. Therapy was continued until disease progression or intolerable adverse events. Response assessment (RECIST version 1.1) was performed every 2 months. The primary endpoint was 1-year overall survival (OS) and this was a pre-specified interim analysis with the nominal p-value for efficacy being 0.006.Results: 151 patients were randomised, 75 in MC and 76 in the MC-I arm respectively. The addition of low dose nivolumab led to an improvement in the 1-year overall survival from 16.3% (95%CI 7.95-27.4) to 43.4% (95% CI 30.8-52.3) [Hazard ratio-0.545; 95%CI 0.362-0.82; P=0.00358]. The median overall survival in MC and MC-I arms was 6.7 months (95%CI 5.83 -8.07) and 10.1 months (95%CI 7.37-12.63) respectively (P=0.0052). The median progression-free survival in MC and MC-I arms was 4.57 months (95%CI 4.2 -5.3) and 6.57 months (95%CI 4.43-8.9) respectively (P=0.0021). Response rate in MC and MC-I arm were 49.3% (95% CI 37.8-60.8) and 65.2% (95%CI 53.4-75.4) respectively (P=0.085). The rate of grade 3 and above adverse events was 50% and 46.1% in MC and MC-I arm respectively (P=0.744).Conclusions: In this first-ever randomised study, the addition of low dose nivolumab led to improved overall survival and is an alternative standard of care for those who cannot access full dose nivolumab. Clinical trial information: CTRI/2020/11/028953

Low-Dose Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer:A Randomized Study

PURPOSE The regimens approved for the treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are accessible to only 1%-3% of patients in low- and middle-income countries because of their cost. In our previous study, metronomic chemotherapy improved survival in this setting. Retrospective data suggest that a low dose of nivolumab may be efficacious. Hence, we aimed to assess whether the addition of low-dose nivolumab to triple metronomic chemotherapy (TMC) improved overall survival (OS).METHODS This was a randomized phase III superiority study. Adult patients with recurrent or newly diagnosed advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma being treated with palliative intent with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1 were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to TMC consisting of oral methotrexate 9 mg/m2 once a week, celecoxib 200 mg twice daily, and erlotinib 150 mg once daily, or TMC with intravenous nivolumab (TMC-I) 20 mg flat dose once every 3 weeks. The primary end point was 1-year OS.RESULTS One hundred fifty-one patients were randomly assigned, 75 in TMC and 76 in the TMC-I arm. The addition of low-dose nivolumab led to an improvement in the 1-year OS from 16.3% (95% CI, 8.0 to 27.4) to 43.4% (95% CI, 30.8 to 55.3; hazard ratio, 0.545; 95% CI, 0.362 to 0.820; P =.0036). The median OS in TMC and TMC-I arms was 6.7 months (95% CI, 5.8 to 8.1) and 10.1 months (95% CI, 7.4 to 12.6), respectively (P =.0052). The rate of grade 3 and above adverse events was 50% and 46.1% in TMC and TMC-I arms, respectively (P =.744).CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first-ever randomized study to demonstrate that the addition of low-dose nivolumab to metronomic chemotherapy improved OS and is an alternative standard of care for those who cannot access full-dose checkpoint inhibitors.</p

Low-Dose Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer:A Randomized Study

PURPOSE The regimens approved for the treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are accessible to only 1%-3% of patients in low- and middle-income countries because of their cost. In our previous study, metronomic chemotherapy improved survival in this setting. Retrospective data suggest that a low dose of nivolumab may be efficacious. Hence, we aimed to assess whether the addition of low-dose nivolumab to triple metronomic chemotherapy (TMC) improved overall survival (OS).METHODS This was a randomized phase III superiority study. Adult patients with recurrent or newly diagnosed advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma being treated with palliative intent with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1 were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to TMC consisting of oral methotrexate 9 mg/m2 once a week, celecoxib 200 mg twice daily, and erlotinib 150 mg once daily, or TMC with intravenous nivolumab (TMC-I) 20 mg flat dose once every 3 weeks. The primary end point was 1-year OS.RESULTS One hundred fifty-one patients were randomly assigned, 75 in TMC and 76 in the TMC-I arm. The addition of low-dose nivolumab led to an improvement in the 1-year OS from 16.3% (95% CI, 8.0 to 27.4) to 43.4% (95% CI, 30.8 to 55.3; hazard ratio, 0.545; 95% CI, 0.362 to 0.820; P =.0036). The median OS in TMC and TMC-I arms was 6.7 months (95% CI, 5.8 to 8.1) and 10.1 months (95% CI, 7.4 to 12.6), respectively (P =.0052). The rate of grade 3 and above adverse events was 50% and 46.1% in TMC and TMC-I arms, respectively (P =.744).CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first-ever randomized study to demonstrate that the addition of low-dose nivolumab to metronomic chemotherapy improved OS and is an alternative standard of care for those who cannot access full-dose checkpoint inhibitors.</p

Abstracts of Scientifica 2022

This book contains the abstracts of the papers presented at Scientifica 2022, Organized by the Sancheti Institute College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra, India, held on 12–13 March 2022. This conference helps bring researchers together across the globe on one platform to help benefit the young researchers. There were six invited talks from different fields of Physiotherapy and seven panel discussions including over thirty speakers across the globe which made the conference interesting due to the diversity of topics covered during the conference. Conference Title:  Scientifica 2022Conference Date: 12–13 March 2022Conference Location: Sancheti Institute College of PhysiotherapyConference Organizer: Sancheti Institute College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra, Indi