Improving Porosity of Glycerol-plated Silica from Rice Husk Silica

Research on the increasing pore size of rice husk silica with the addition of glycerol as a template has been done. Sodium silicate obtained from rice husk can be extracted with sodium hydroxide. The resulting sodium silicate is then added to the glycerol and followed by precipitation using hydrochloric acid to obtain silica. The obtained results were calcined at 600°C. The resulting material analised by FT-IR, XRD and BET. The FT-IR data shows an asymmetric Si-O-Si absorption peak at wave number 1067 cm-1 and a symmetrical Si-O-Si peak absorption at 806.77 cm-1 wave number. Diffractogram XRD also shows a widening peak in the area of 22.820 that the silica is amorphous. The result of adsorption of nitrogen desorption of silica isotherm indicated Type IV isotherm adsorption which was characteristic of mesoporous material and obtained the size distribution of       9.2 nm and the pore volume was 0.002850 cc / g and the surface area of silica was               80.38 m2/

Isolation of Sillica from Pantai Cermin Sand and Modification with Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ligan Ethylendyamine Through Coating Method as Absorption of Pb Metal

Research on the formation of synthesis and modification coating of silica and obtained silica with a quartz structure used to absorb lead metal ions. This isolation was performed by extracting silica from sand with the co-precipitation method using NaOH 7M and then adding HCl 2M. The resulting silica was coated with sodium lauryl sulfate and ethylenediamine to increase adsorption. The FT-IR spectrum on silica shows the presence of Si-O-Si, Si-O-, Si-OH, S–O, SO3, CH2, and NH—Sillica coating, which sodium lauryl sulfate and ethylenediamine ligands were carried out by coating method at pH 2. The results obtained before and after coating on silica were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM EDX analysis. The FT-IR spectrum on sillica showed the presence of Si-O-Si, Si-O, and Si-OH functional groups. After the coating, there was a change in the spectrum, indicating new functional groups in the S-O, SO3, CH2, and NH spectra. Characterization using XRD shows the diffraction peaks were of 2 27,6297°, which indicates the amorph. After coating, the diffraction peaks appeared at an angle of 2 in the area of 19.62 °, 20.47°, 21.04 °, 25.56 °, 26.50 °, and 29.73 ° with a high enough intensity indicating increased crystallinity. The morphology, composition, and size of the silica produced before and after coating were observed by SEM-EDX. Where there is a change in the size before and after a modification, that is 100,788 nm to 85,3773 nm. Silica before and after coating is used as an adsorbent to reduce levels of heavy metal lead (Pb). This analysis showed that the adsorption of Pb²⁺ with silica was 4,5162 ppm, while the adsorption of Pb²⁺ after coating was 1,1146 ppm

Fabrication of Synthetic Zeolite from Sinabung Mountain Volcanic Ash via Sol-Gel Method

Fabrication of synthetic zeolite from Sinabung Mountain volcanic ash by Sol-Gel method. The zeolite is obtained by extraction of alkalis sodium silicate and sodium aluminate. At first volcanic ash was characterized using XRF and XRD analyses. The XRF analysis shows that silica is 44.8%. In contrast, XRD analysis showed a sharp peak at a 2Ѳ corner area of 27.55o to express bonded with silica mineral salt. At the same time, the silica characterization is done by FT-IR analysis. The FT-IR analysis shows the presence of Si-O-Si groups at wave numbers 1064.71 cm-1, 786.96 cm-1 and Si-OH at wave 3749.62 cm-1 and 3448.72 cm-1, identifying the presence of silica. The synthetic zeolite characterization analysis obtained is FT-IR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and BET analysis. In the FT-IR analysis, the O-Si-O group was obtained at wave 987,85 cm-1 and O-Al-O at wave 447,89-585,30 cm-1, identifying X zeolite. Diffractogram XRD showed a sharp peak at 66.8°, 28.12°, and 45.84°, forming mixed crystalline X and zeolite A. SEM-EDX analysis shows that zeolite morphology is tight and homogeneous and has a high aluminium content of 24.79 and Si 16.12. While for nitrogen desorption, adsorption analysis on pore size, surface area and pore volume are 3,22 nm, 61,86 m2/g and 0,095 cc/g. The result of synthetic zeolite isotherm adsorption-desorption shows type V showing mesoporous size

OKSIDASI SORBITOL MENGGUNAKAN MOLEKUL OKSIGEN YANG DIAKTIFASI KATALIS Pd/-Al2O3 DALAM PELARUT AIR

 ABSTRACT The sorbitol has been oxidized by molecular oxygen that activated by Pd/g-Al2O3 catalyst in water solvent at 70°C. The product was contained 1.3 g (26%) of the glucaric acid. The product was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectrophotometer. The product oxidation was reacted with solution of sodium hydroxide methanol at 70°C during 5 hours produced sodium dicarboxylate in the form yellow gel about 0.3 g (30%). The product was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectrophotometer. Keywords: sorbitol, oxidation, catalyst, Pd/g-Al2O3, oxygen molecular

AIR QUALITY MONITORING OF KALABAHI-ALOR’S SEAPORT-EAST OF NUSA TENGGARA

Evaluation of environment of seaport is needed as well as our responsibility to nature sustainability. The Alor’s seaport belongs to Pelindo III. In order to know the air quality of Alor’s seaport, we did this study. Our aims are to know level quality of air at Alor’s seaport and compare to the government regulation. This study refers to Pararosaniline (SOx), Saltzman (NOx), Particle Calculation (dust) and decibel (noisy) methods. We used four locations, those are A-1 (Entrance gate of PELINDO (8013’09.12”S, 124031’07.21”E)); A-2 (In front of passengers terminal (8013’08.75”S, 124031’01.60”E)); A-3 (Exit  gate Kalabahi’s seaport (8013’08.2”S, 124031’00.87”E)) and A-4 (In front of port of the people (8011’09.12”S, 124031’07.21”E)). Results show that the averages level of SOx, NOx and dust of A-1, A-2 and A-3 are 103.01, 104.65 and 107.47 (µg/Nm3), 37.87, 30.62, and 39.73 (µg/Nm3), 56.64, 47.47 and 50.72 (µg/Nm), respectively. On the other hand, the level of noisy of A-1, A-2, A-3 and A-4 are 68.76, 65.69, 65.20 and 73.60 (dBA), respectively. Base on all of data, we conclude that the air quality of Alor’s seaport is still appropriate according to government regulation (PP. No. 4, 1999)

Synthesis of silicon nanoparticles with various additions of inert salt as scavenger agent during reduction by the magnesiothermic method as anode lithium-ion batteries

A heat scavenger agent magnesiothermic reduction of quartz sand was used to make Si nanoparticles in a way that can be easily scaled up. Its source of SiO2 is safe for the environment, easy to get, and cheap. It can make silicon nanoparticles that work well as an anode material for Li-ion batteries. It is known that using inert salt NaCl has a better characterization of Si and electrochemical performance than KCl, KBr, and CaCl2. XRD diffractogram show 2θ are formed at 27.42°, 47.30°, 56.11°, 69.19°, and 76.37°. The surface area shows 9.75 m2/g, and the pore size is 15.35 Å. In the TEM images, it is found that the silicon shape is spherical. The electrical conductivity voltage of 1 V is 2599.33 µS/cm. The cyclic voltammetry curve during the highest oxidation is 0.57 V, and the lowest oxidation peak is 0.16 V. After the first cycle, the Rs is 4.22 Ω, and the Rct formed is 51.19 Ω. The first discharge capacity is 2599.57 mAh/g, corresponding to coulombic efficiencies at 97.12 %