28 research outputs found

    Agro-écosystème et société : la diversité des façons de produire des agriculteurs dans les coteaux de Gascogne

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    *INRA, Centre de Toulouse Diffusion du document : INRA, Centre de Toulouse DiplĂ´me : Dr. d'Universit

    La diversite des facons de produire des agriculteurs

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    National audienc

    Structures et fonctions de la foret dans les exploitations agricoles du Comminges

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    National audienc

    L'analyse éco-énergétique des écosystèmes ruraux

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    [eng] Outlook for the study of different agricultural production systems in France - The eco-energy analysis (AEE) enables energy investments in humanized systems, especially in farming and the food industry, to be estimated. Balance sheets have already been drawn up at various theoretical levels and in various forms taking methodological difficulties into account. For French farming, apart from global balance sheets, balance sheets for the main production networks and for the various types of farms in their relationships with the fertilizers and processing industries seem indispensible. - Moreover the methods of the AEE need to be confronted with economic analysis. In this way the similarity between the AEE and the labour-value theory. The AEE provides the means of analysing and judging the future ot the present management of natural resources. [fre] L'analyse éco-énergétique (AEE) permet d'évaluer les investissements énergétiques dans les systèmes humanisés notamment agricoles et agro-alimentaires. Des bilans ont déjà été effectués à divers niveaux d'appréhension et sous diverses formes tenant compte des difficultés méthodologiques. Pour l'agriculture française, en plus des bilans globaux, des bilans des principales filières de production et des différents types d'exploitations, replacés dans leurs relations avec l'amont et l'aval, paraissent indispensables. . En outre, les méthodes de l'AEE appellent une confrontation avec l'analyse économique : on note ainsi l'homologie entre AEE et théorie de la valeur-travail. L'AEE procure des instruments d'analyse pour juger l'avenir historique de la gestion actuelle des ressources naturelles.

    Detection of Escherichia coli sequence type 131 by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry: implications for infection control policies?

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    International audienceSequence type 131 (ST131) is a predominant lineage among extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. It plays a major role in the worldwide dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli. The ST131 pandemic is mainly the result of clonal expansion of the single well-adapted subclone H30-Rx, which is acquired in hospitals more frequently than other ESBL-producing E. coli clones. To develop a rapid method using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to identify ST131 for infection control purposes. Peak biomarkers of ST131 were identified from the mass spectrum profiles of 109 E. coli isolates (including 50 ST131 isolates). The models accurately identified ST131 isolates from mass spectrum profiles obtained with and without protein extraction. The rapid identification of ST131 isolates with MALDI-TOF MS can be easily implemented in the laboratory, and could help to target infection control measures in patients carrying multi-drug-resistant E. coli that are more likely to spread
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