An Ultra High Bandwidth Microstrip Antenna for Upper L-Band and Lower S-Band Applications

Communication on microwave frequencies have multifold advantages and as far as wireless communication is concerned, it requires an perfectly matching antenna too, for this reason plenty of research work is going ahead in the field of Microstrip antenna at many frequencies now a days. This paper has a wider role and significance in the development of Microstrip antenna because the simulation has been done on a frequency on which many important communication devices are working i.e. 2 GHz. A novel microstrip antenna has been presented in this paper, this antenna achieves bandwidth of 60.80% when simulated on IE3D platform and retains 52.80% of bandwidth when tested using spectrum analyzer. As a matter of fact high bandwidth antennas are always desirable, this novel shape may be helpful for the various applications of higher L and lower S band application

Quality control standardization of the rhizome of Curcuma yunnanensis: A comprehensive standardization process

110-117Curcuma yunnanensis (CY) (Zingiberaceae) is a plant having a long flowering season (July-October). It is well morphologically characterized by its lance-shaped leaves having a purplish stripe running down the midrib and greenish coloured rhizome when cut transversely. Pharmacognostical standardization of the rhizome has been evaluated as per WHO guidelines. The dried rhizomes are golden-brown colour and vary in size (2 to 7 cm length and 1 to 2 cm diam.). The histological characteristic of the rhizome shows dissimilarity with other existing Curcuma species. Physico-chemical standards studied are foreign organic matter (0.16% w/w), loss on drying (9.80% w/w), total ash (7.66% w/w), acid insoluble ash (1.70% w/w), water-soluble ash (3.17% w/w), alcohol soluble extractive (8.77% w/w) and water-soluble extractive (7.70% w/w), foaming index (<100), swelling index (4.3) and volatile oil content (0.8%). Powdered characterization showed the presence of starch grains, unicellular covering trichomes and lignified xylem vessels. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, phenolics, tannins and steroidal components. Quantitative estimation of total tannins and phenolics was also determined in the ethanolic extract and was found to contain 21.375 and 22.5 mg/g GAE, respectively. The presence of demethoxycurcumin in the CY ethanolic extract was also documented for the first time using HPTLC by comparing with standard curcumin

Determinants of utilization of antenatal and postnatal care services in Telangana

Background: Variation exists in utilization of antenatal and postnatal care services in public health facilities of developing countries. Provision of antenatal and postnatal care services is the major function of public health delivery system of India to improve maternal health outcomes. The objective of this study is to estimate the determinants of utilization of antenatal and postnatal care services stratified by geographical region in Telangana.Methods: It is a cross-sectional study of District Level Health and Facility Survey-4 of the state of Telangana. Multistage, stratified, probability proportional to size sample with replacement was used. 3065 women, who delivered after the year 2008, were considered for analysis. Descriptive analysis of components of antenatal and postnatal care services stratified by geographical region was carried out. Binomial logistic regression was carried out to determine association of demographic, system level variables with adequate antenatal care.Results: Study reveals variation exists across four regions of Telangana in utilization of maternal health services. Reception of adequate antenatal care is low in South region (20.6%) and high in East region (31.5%). Pregnant women with secondary education were 66% more likely to receive adequate antenatal care services compared to illiterate.Conclusions: Short term and long-term goals to be adopted and implemented by government to address the demand-supply imbalance such as public health infrastructure and quality of services in underperforming districts of Telangana to increase utilization of maternal health services by training health staff and engaging local communities to seek health care services

Quality control standardization of the rhizome of Curcuma yunnanensis: A comprehensive standardization process

Curcuma yunnanensis (CY) (Zingiberaceae) is a plant having a long flowering season (July-October). It is well morphologically characterized by its lance-shaped leaves having a purplish stripe running down the midrib and greenish coloured rhizome when cut transversely. Pharmacognostical standardization of the rhizome has been evaluated as per WHO guidelines. The dried rhizomes are golden-brown colour and vary in size (2 to 7 cm length and 1 to 2 cm diam.). The histological characteristic of the rhizome shows dissimilarity with other existing Curcuma species. Physico-chemical standards studied are foreign organic matter (0.16% w/w), loss on drying (9.80% w/w), total ash (7.66% w/w), acid insoluble ash (1.70% w/w), water-soluble ash (3.17% w/w), alcohol soluble extractive (8.77% w/w) and water-soluble extractive (7.70% w/w), foaming index (<100), swelling index (4.3) and volatile oil content (0.8%). Powdered characterization showed the presence of starch grains, unicellular covering trichomes and lignified xylem vessels. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, phenolics, tannins and steroidal components. Quantitative estimation of total tannins and phenolics was also determined in the ethanolic extract and was found to contain 21.375 and 22.5 mg/g GAE, respectively. The presence of demethoxycurcumin in the CY ethanolic extract was also documented for the first time using HPTLC by comparing with standard curcumin

Evaluating the functional outcomes of tibia and ipsilateral femur fracture, which are floating knee injuries, in adults

Background: High velocity trauma leads to ipsilateral femur and tibia fractures. Despite being very uncommon, they have a significant morbidity rate. Combinations of diaphyseal, metaphyseal, and complicated intra-articular fractures may be present in this kind of injury. Objectives were to assess the functional success of adult patients with ipsilateral femur and tibia fractures treated with various methods. Methods: The 30 adult patients with floating knee injuries underwent surgical treatment as part of the prospective research at the department of orthopedics, govt. medical college, and affiliated group of institutions in Kota. A combination of implants, such as an intra-medullary nail, locking plates, screws, or external fixators, were used to treat both femur and tibia fractures. Results: Karlstrom-Olerud criteria were used for the final evaluation. In our study, five patients (16.6%) had excellent outcomes, ten (33.3%) had good results, seven (23.3%), had acceptable results, and eight (26.6%) had poor results. Conclusions: When the fracture is diaphysis and it is treated with intra-medullary nails for both the femur and the tibia, the results are excellent. In this way, the age of the patient, the kind of fracture, the methods of fracture fixation, and the functional result were all taken into account

Study on impact of different climatic zones on physicochemical and phytochemical profile of Withaniasomnifera (L.) Dunal

The main objective of the present investigation included a comparative physicochemical, phytochemical along with chromatographic evaluation of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal roots collected from various Indian climatic zones. The study includes macroscopical, microscopical, physicochemical, phytochemical and chromatographic evaluation of W. somnifera roots collected from different climatic zones (desert, plains, coastal and plateau) of India. Further, chromatographic evaluations were carried out taking Withaferine-A and Withanoloid-A as biomarkers with the help of HPTLC and HPLC analysis. The physicochemical parameters evaluated were found to be within the prescribed limits of the WHO, while the phytochemical analysis showed the higher quantities of phytoconstituents obtained from desert followed by coastal regions. The chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of maximum number of phytoconstituents in sample from coastal and desert region. Further, the quantification of Withaferine-A and Withanoloid-A was carried out using HPTLC and HPLC. The results confirmed higher quantity of both the biomarkers in samples collected from desert followed by coastal region. Thus, the study may be helpful in understanding the role of climatic zones in relation to the variability in phytochemical composition of medicinal plants such as W. somnifera. This will help in selecting the better quality of medicinal plant for preparation of herbal formulations with best therapeutic value that will serve the society