Methodological aspects of field operational tests of after-market and nomadic driver support systems and impacts on mobility

Background: This paper reports on the methodology undertaken and some results achieved within a study of drivers using aftermarket and nomadic devices (the TeleFOT project). Objective: To evaluate the methodology for conducting Field Operational Tests for Information and Communication Technology whilst also providing an example of the method applied in the context of mobility within the TeleFOT project. Method: ‘Top down, bottom up’ approach to the derivation of research questions and hypotheses is described. Statistical analysis has been undertaken on data collected through Field Operational Tests and Travel Diaries considering the impact of information functions (such as navigation, traffic information and green driving) upon journey length. Results: A summary of the results relating specifically to how the length of a journey can be affected by information functions indicates that Navigation and Traffic information can reduce the length of journeys whilst Green Driving functions tend to increase the journey length. Conclusion: The FOT methodology was successfully applied in the TeleFOT project as was the novel method for generating research questions. When turning the theoretical FOT method developed in FESTA into practice, several good innovations were made which and can be recommended for future FOTs; collation of metadata, the use of comparable origin / destination pairs for analysis, centralised processing of raw data into legs in order to simplify the analysis of the huge datasets collected in the project

Fact sheets based on SP4 outputs: TeleFOT [Field Operational Tests of Aftermarket and Nomadic Devices in Vehicles] D4.9.2

This deliverable presents the key results of the analysis in Fact-sheet format with the intention that they can be supplied to the stakeholders as necessary. Eleven fact sheets have been prepared in total as follows; • An Overview of TeleFOT • Key findings for Navigation Support • Key findings for Traffic Information • Key findings for Green Driving Support • Key findings for Speed Info/Alert • Summary and Implications of findings for Safety • Summary and Implications of findings for Mobility • Summary and Implications of findings for Efficiency • Summary and Implications of findings for Environment • Summary and Implications of findings for User Uptake • TeleFOT Impact Assessments – General Conclusions The Fact-sheets are shown in separate pdf and PowerPoint files which are provided electronically

Summary of interim results from WP4.3 through to WP4.7 as at M48: TeleFOT [Field Operational Tests of Aftermarket and Nomadic Devices in Vehicles] D4.2.3a

This deliverable is the first of two Deliverables from Sub-project 4 of TeleFOT (Evaluation and Assessment) that each report on the results across each of the impact areas considered within TeleFOT (Safety, Mobility, Efficiency, Environment and User uptake). However, at the time of preparing this Deliverable, (M46 to M48), only limited data were available within the project on which to base the first report. Therefore, this deliverable provides a summary of the results that are available and which are presented within deliverables D4.3.2 through to D4.7.2. These results are based predominantly on the outcomes of the first analyses with the field data in each impact area and are focused on data available from both LFOTs and DFOTs. Full descriptions of the analyses can be found in TeleFOT Deliverables D4.3.2, D4.4.2, D4.5.2, D4.6.2 and D4.7.2

Summary of final results from WP4.3 through to WP4.7 as at M54: TeleFOT [Field Operational Tests of Aftermarket and Nomadic Devices in Vehicles] D4.2.3b

This deliverable is the second of two Deliverables from Sub-project 4 of TeleFOT (Evaluation and Assessment) that each report on the results across each of the impact areas considered within TeleFOT (Safety, Mobility, Efficiency, Environment and User uptake). Deliverable D4.2.3a reports on the interim/first results that were available shortly after the FOTs had finished. However, not all of the data had been processed at that stage and there was more analysis of these data requied in order to address the research questions that were formulated in the first year of TeleFOT. This deliverable therefore follows on directly from D4.2.3a and provides a summary of all final results that are available from TeleFOT and which are presented within deliverables D4.3.3 through to D4.7.3. These results are based on the outcomes of the final analyses with the field data in each impact area and are focused on data available from both LFOTs and DFOTs. Full descriptions of the analyses can be found in the following TeleFOT Deliverables • D4.3.3 – Impacts on Safety – Results and Implications • D4.3.4 – Field Opertional Tests of eCall • D4.4.3 – Impacts on Mobility – Results and Implications • D4.5.3 - TeleFOT applications efficiency impact • D4.6.3 - Impacts on Environment – Results and Implications • D4.7.3 – Results and Implications of User Uptake Analysi

Impacts on mobility –preliminary results: TeleFOT deliverable D4.4.2

The objective of this deliverable was to provide preliminary results from the analysis of mobility impacts from the TeleFOT project. Specifically, the objective was to discuss the concept of mobility, to validate the method proposed for mobility impact assessment and to pilot the mobility research questions. Mobility is concluded to be the willingness to move along with potential and realized movement rather than just physical movement of vehicles, people and goods. Along with transport and infrastructure it encompasses people’s and road users’ attitudes, opinions and choices in their daily travelling and movement. The concept of mobility is versatile. However, it is often reduced to transport or confused with accessibility or efficiency. In TeleFOT, a travel diary was developed to meet the information needs in order to address research questions and hypotheses related to mobility impact assessment. Diaries are collected once in the before-phase of the FOT and two or three times in the after-phase depending on the length of the FOT. A supplement to the travel diary is filled in during the after-phase travel diary data collection periods to collect essential information about major changes in the mobility needs and possibilities of the test users and their families due to factors other than TeleFOT functions. Trips reported in the travel diary were compared to logged trips. Travel diaries were returned by 73% of test participants. In general the travel diaries were filled diligently by users, with 96% of travel diaries returned fully completed. However, only 67% of all trips either reported in the travel diary or logged were found in both data sets. Forty-one percent of trips reported in the travel diary were missing the corresponding logger data. Eight percent of logged trips were missing the corresponding travel diary entry. An alarmingly high (18%) proportion of the logged data was trips that were fragmented into several trips in the logger data. The pilot analyses of the research questions indicated no problems for the final analysis. All research questions concern a change in something. The change itself could not be analysed based on the first data sets available for the pilots. However, it was confirmed that most of the variables needed could be obtained from the data. The analysis of route choice could not be piloted yet, as map matching was not complete. In addition, a question related to user uncertainty was added to the post-test questionnaires. The preliminary results show no high expectations among the test participants. In conclusion, the mobility impacts of TeleFOT functions should possible to analyse for the final results as planned. More specific instructions were given for the final analysis

Impacts on safety - preliminary results from available data: TeleFOT [Field Operational Tests of Aftermarket and Nomadic Devices in Vehicles] D4.3.2

Impacts on safety - preliminary results from available data: TeleFOT [Field Operational Tests of Aftermarket and Nomadic Devices in Vehicles] D4.3.

TeleFOT: field operational tests of aftermarket and nomadic devices in vehicles. D 4.3.3, Impacts on safety: results and implications

This deliverable presents the full and final analysis results in relation to the safety impact assessment. It then draws upon these results to discuss the impact that the functions provided by Nomadic Devices have upon safety. [Continues.

Impacts on safety - results and implications: TeleFOT [Field Operational Tests of Aftermarket and Nomadic Devices in Vehicles]. D4.4.3 Vol 0.4

This deliverable presents the full and final analysis results in relation to the safety impact assessment. It then draws upon these results to discuss the impact that the functions provided by Nomadic Devices have upon safety. The deliverable is structured so as to present the key results for each Research Question (RQ) and Hypothesis within the main body of the report. These main results are then restructured on a function basis in order to assess the impact of each function upon; • Route Choice • Distance Travelled • Distraction • Speed • Lane positioning • Braking behaviour • Manual activity Further supporting analysis for each RQ is provided in Annex 1. Subsequently, an evaluation is made relating any impacts observed to consequences for safety. This evaluation is made using results that refer to singular functions; results from Field operational tests (FOT) that evaluated bundles of functions are included within the results sections for each Research Question but not included within the evaluation. This is since there are no current rigorous methods accepted within the research community for dealing with bundles of functions; this is being discussed and considered within the revision of the FESTA handbook

Improving the safety and mobility of vulnerable road users through ITS applications [VRUITS] D2.2 assessment methodology

ITS Applications have in recent years assisted in reducing the number of fatalities in Europe. However, Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) have not benefited as much as vehicle users. The EU-sponsored VRUITS project assesses the safety and mobility impacts of ITS applications for VRUs, assesses the impacts of current and upcoming ITS applications on the safety and mobility of VRUs, identifies how the usability and efficiency of ITS applications can be improved, and recommends which actions have to be taken at a policy level to accelerate deployment of such ITS. This deliverable reports on the needed modification and development of methodologies to assess the impacts of ITS applications for VRUs in the domains of safety, mobility and comfort and cost-benefit analysis (CBA). Safety assessment estimates the potential reduction in fatalities and injuries to VRU as a result of ITS applications for VRUs. Mobility and comfort are relatively new impact areas for study. The definition of mobility used in VRUITS is: Mobility is considered any form of outside (out of house) movement based on the identified soft transport modes: walking, cycling or motorcycling. These forms of movement are defined by trips from a starting point to a destination in order to conduct an out of house activity. Thus, the mobility impact assessment investigates the changes in the movement out of house (trips, length of trips, etc.) that are the result of the use of an ITS applications for VRUs. VRUITS uses the definition of comfort from Slater: “(...) a pleasant state of physiological, psychological, and physical harmony between a human being and the environment” (Slater, 1985: p. 4). Thus, the challenge in VRUITS is to assess comfort impacts as a result of the use of ITS applications by VRUs. Finally, the CBA monetises the quantified impacts (safety, mobility and comfort) to calculate the Benefit-Cost ratios. An analysis of the sub-groups of VRUs, presented in this report, forms the basis for determining which criteria the impact assessment methodologies must meet. This analysis also illuminates the data necessary as inputs to the impact assessment methodologies. For each impact assessment area, the state-of-the-art is presented. Each impact assessment area describes the required modifications to the methodology selected for use in the VRUITS project, to meet the demands of the VRU sub-groups as well as the ITS applications selected for analysis in the VRUITS project