A Rheo-Optical Study on Reinforcement Effect of Silica Particle Filled Rubber

In order to clarify the filler effect on rubbers, rheo-optical measurements were performed for unfilled and filled samples of a styrene–butadiene rubber/silica system. Refractive index matching was performed to increase transparency of samples and to reduce form birefringence of particles. The component stress of matrix rubber and the filler was successfully determined by using the strain-induced birefringence data. Our results were consistent with the composite model in micromechanics if the vitrified rubber layer is consider on the surface of fillers. On the basis of the experimental results, we proposed a phenomenological equation for large tensile properties for ideal filled rubbers

Cell membrane protein coding genes which express more than 10 FPKM in either or both of adult and fetal corneal endothelial cells.

<p>Both: genes substantially expressed both in adult and fetal corneal endothelial cells.</p><p>Adult: genes substantially expressed only in adult corneal endothelial cells.</p><p>Fetal: genes substantially expressed only in fetal corneal endothelial cells.</p><p>Cell membrane protein coding genes which express more than 10 FPKM in either or both of adult and fetal corneal endothelial cells.</p

Immunofluorescence staining of human donor corneal tissue sections.

<p>(A) Green signals represent the expression of each protein detected by the specific antibody. (B) Negative control by using isotype specific rabbit IgG (green signal) and goat IgG (red signal) as primary antibodies. Hoechst 33342-stained nuclei are shown in blue. A white arrow indicates the corneal endothelium. All scale bars indicate 50 μm.</p

qRT-PCR analysis of 6 corneal endothelial cell marker candidate genes within ocular tissues.

<p>CECs: corneal endothelial cells, cCECs: cultured corneal endothelial cells, C.stroma: corneal stroma, C.epi.: corneal epithelial cells, iris pig. epi.: iris pigment epithelial cells, TM: trabecular meshwork, CB: ciliary body, RPE: Retinal pigment epithelial cells, ON: optic nerve. Y axis indicates % ACTB, and error bars represent standard deviation of four replicates.</p