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Researching peers and disaster vulnerable communities: an insider perspective
Conducting research among peers and communities that a researcher also serves may be both daunting and rewarding. Researching peers may make the researcher feel uncomfortable raising certain questions that are sensitive or that could be construed to be testing their competencies. This paper is inclined more towards showing that it is advantageous to be an insider, whose position can facilitate collection of information that could not have been accessed, or revealed to an outsider. The paper reports on fieldwork conducted in a low-income country in Sub-Sahara Africa as part of a doctoral study with communities affected by disasters and those that work with such communities. The paper demonstrates the complexities of conducting such research and provides some insights that may be useful to insiders, outsiders or “in-betweeners” embarking on fieldwork in low-income countries and among vulnerable population struggling with manifold stresses and shocks
Photochemically Reversible Liquefaction and Solidification of Multiazobenzene Sugar-Alcohol Derivatives and Application to Reworkable Adhesives
Multiazobenzene compounds, hexakis-<i>O</i>-[4-(phenylazo)Âphenoxyalkylcarboxyl]-d-mannitols
and hexakis-<i>O</i>-[4-(4-hexylphenylazo)Âphenoxyalkylcarboxyl]-d-mannitols, exhibit photochemically reversible liquefaction
and solidification at room temperature. Their photochemical and thermal
phase transitions were investigated in detail through thermal analysis,
absorption spectroscopy, and dynamic viscoelasticity measurements,
and were compared with those of other sugar-alcohol derivatives. Tensile
shear strength tests were performed to determine the adhesions of
the compounds sandwiched between two glass slides to determine whether
the compounds were suitable for application as adhesives. The adhesions
were varied by alternately irradiating the compounds with ultraviolet
and visible light to photoinduce phase transitions. The azobenzene
hexyl tails, lengths of the methylene spacers, and differences in
the sugar-alcohol structures affected the photoresponsive properties
of the compounds
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of A diagnostic marker for superficial urothelial bladder carcinoma: lack of nuclear ATBF1 (ZFHX3) by immunohistochemistry suggests malignant progression
Specificity and sensitivity of the seven anti-ATBF1 antibodies. Western blot analysis of ATBF1 in HEK293T cells using the seven anti-ATBF1 antibodies (Fig. 5a MB33, MB34, MB39, D1-120, MB44, MB47 and MB49). Lanes 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 represent HEK293T cells with an HA-tag expression vector (pCI-HA). Lanes 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 represent HEK293T cells containing an HA-tagged ATBF1 expression vector (pCI-HA-ATBF1). HEK293T cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum at 37 °C and 5 % CO2. HEK293T cells were transfected with the HA-tagged expression vector or the HA-tagged ATBF1 expression vector (HA-ATBF1) using transIT-293 reagent. (PPTX 215 kb