トクシマシ シロヤマ ノ ホルトノキ ノ スイジャク コシ ノ ゲンイン ニツイテ : ホルトノキ イオウビョウ オ ヒキオコス ファイトプラズマ ノ シンコク ナ カンセン ジョウキョウ

Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus was a dominant tree species in Mt. Shiroyama (castle mountain) in the Tokushima Central Park until 1970s, however, most of the E. sylvestris trees have died. In this study we investigated whether the death has been caused by Elaeocarpus yellows. Results of nested PCR revealed that DNA of phytoplasma, the pathogen of Elaeocarpus yellows, was found in all E. sylvestris trees in Mt. Shiroyama and about 80% E. sylvestris trees in the Tokushima Central Park. Results of PCR-RFLP showed that the all the trees had the same DNA type of phytoplasma, and it was identical to the one that had been found in Japan. These results indicated that the recent decrease of E. sylvestris in Mt. Shiroyama is due to Elaeocarpus yellows

トクシマシ シロヤマ ノ ホルトノキ ノ スイジャク コシ ノ ゲンイン ニツイテ : ホルトノキ イオウビョウ オ ヒキオコス ファイトプラズマ ノ シンコク ナ カンセン ジョウキョウ

Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus was a dominant tree species in Mt. Shiroyama (castle mountain) in the Tokushima Central Park until 1970s, however, most of the E. sylvestris trees have died. In this study we investigated whether the death has been caused by Elaeocarpus yellows. Results of nested PCR revealed that DNA of phytoplasma, the pathogen of Elaeocarpus yellows, was found in all E. sylvestris trees in Mt. Shiroyama and about 80% E. sylvestris trees in the Tokushima Central Park. Results of PCR-RFLP showed that the all the trees had the same DNA type of phytoplasma, and it was identical to the one that had been found in Japan. These results indicated that the recent decrease of E. sylvestris in Mt. Shiroyama is due to Elaeocarpus yellows

Effects of N,N-dimethyldodecylamine-N-oxide on some cellular parameters of rat thymocytes

N,N-Dimethyldodecylamine-N-oxide (DDAO) is an amphoteric surfactant used in many detergents for kitchens. In this study, the effects of DDAO (10–100 μM) on cell lethality, intracellular Ca2+ level, intracellular Zn2+ level, and cellular content of nonprotein thiol were examined in mammalian cells (rat thymocytes) to further characterize its cytotoxicity. DDAO at the concentration of 100 μM (22.9 mg/L) slightly, but significantly, increased the parameters described above, and it showed no significant effect at the concentrations of 30 μM (6.87 mg/L) or less. Therefore, it is unlikely that DDAO at environmentally-relevant concentrations (< 10–70 ng/L) exerts toxic actions on wild mammals and humans

Anti-obese action of raspberry ketone

Abstract Raspberry ketone (4-(4-hydroxyphenyl) butan-2-one; RK) is a major aromatic compound of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus). The structure of RK is similar to the structures of capsaicin and synephrine, compounds known to exert anti-obese actions and alter the lipid metabolism. The present study was performed to clarify whether RK helps prevent obesity and activate lipid metabolism in rodents. To test the effect on obesity, our group designed the following in vivo experiments: 1) mice were fed a high-fat diet including 0.5, 1, or 2% of RK for 10 weeks; 2) mice were given a high-fat diet for 6 weeks and subsequently fed the same high-fat diet containing1% RK for the next 5 weeks. RK prevented the high-fat-diet-induced elevations in body weight and the weights of the liver and visceral adipose tissues (epididymal, retroperitoneal, and mesenteric). RK also decreased these weights and hepatic triacylglycerol content after they had been increased by a high-fat diet. RK significantly increased norepinephrineinduced lipolysis associated with the translocation of hormone-sensitive lipase from the cytosol to lipid droplets in rat epididymal fat cells. In conclusion, RK prevents and improves obesity and fatty liver. These effects appear t

Anti-obese action of raspberry ketone

Abstract Raspberry ketone (4-(4-hydroxyphenyl) butan-2-one; RK) is a major aromatic compound of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus). The structure of RK is similar to the structures of capsaicin and synephrine, compounds known to exert anti-obese actions and alter the lipid metabolism. The present study was performed to clarify whether RK helps prevent obesity and activate lipid metabolism in rodents. To test the effect on obesity, our group designed the following in vivo experiments: 1) mice were fed a high-fat diet including 0.5, 1, or 2% of RK for 10 weeks; 2) mice were given a high-fat diet for 6 weeks and subsequently fed the same high-fat diet containing1% RK for the next 5 weeks. RK prevented the high-fat-diet-induced elevations in body weight and the weights of the liver and visceral adipose tissues (epididymal, retroperitoneal, and mesenteric). RK also decreased these weights and hepatic triacylglycerol content after they had been increased by a high-fat diet. RK significantly increased norepinephrineinduced lipolysis associated with the translocation of hormone-sensitive lipase from the cytosol to lipid droplets in rat epididymal fat cells. In conclusion, RK prevents and improves obesity and fatty liver. These effects appear t

Anti-obese action of raspberry ketone

Abstract Raspberry ketone (4-(4-hydroxyphenyl) butan-2-one; RK) is a major aromatic compound of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus). The structure of RK is similar to the structures of capsaicin and synephrine, compounds known to exert anti-obese actions and alter the lipid metabolism. The present study was performed to clarify whether RK helps prevent obesity and activate lipid metabolism in rodents. To test the effect on obesity, our group designed the following in vivo experiments: 1) mice were fed a high-fat diet including 0.5, 1, or 2% of RK for 10 weeks; 2) mice were given a high-fat diet for 6 weeks and subsequently fed the same high-fat diet containing1% RK for the next 5 weeks. RK prevented the high-fat-diet-induced elevations in body weight and the weights of the liver and visceral adipose tissues (epididymal, retroperitoneal, and mesenteric). RK also decreased these weights and hepatic triacylglycerol content after they had been increased by a high-fat diet. RK significantly increased norepinephrineinduced lipolysis associated with the translocation of hormone-sensitive lipase from the cytosol to lipid droplets in rat epididymal fat cells. In conclusion, RK prevents and improves obesity and fatty liver. These effects appear t

Significance of nailfold videocapillaroscopy in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and immunological significance of nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) abnormalities in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). Methods: Seventy consecutive Japanese patients with untreated IIMs, enrolled between April 2014 and August 2017, were prospectively studied. Clinical features, NVC findings, autoantibody profile by immunoprecipitation and ELISA, and histopathological findings of skin biopsies of DM rash were assessed at baseline and after 1-year of immunosuppressive therapy. Results: NVC abnormalities were found in 55.7% (39/70) of IIM patients, with significantly higher prevalence in DM (65.4%) compared with PM (27.8%) (P = 0.01). In subsets of patients classified by autoantibody specificities, the prevalence of NVC abnormalities was significantly higher in patients with anti-MDA5 (87.5%) and anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma (88.9%) vs anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (26.9%, P < 0.001). Perivascular lymphocytic infiltration in the upper dermis of skin rash biopsy of DM was more severe in patients with NVC abnormalities (P < 0.05). Unexpectedly, NVC abnormalities disappeared in 75% of IIM patients after 1-year of immunosuppressive therapy in contrast to stable NVC changes seen in scleroderma patients. Conclusion: Nailfold microvascular abnormalities were common in DM patients, associated with anti-MDA5 and transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma antibodies, and perivascular inflammation in skin histology. NVC abnormalities in IIMs may become clinically useful markers for defining subsets of DM and understanding the pathogenesis of the clinical features seen in these patients