メタボリック シンドローム ト ロコモティブ シンドローム オ フセグ ウンドウ リョウホウ

Japan has rapidly been becoming an aged society. In２０１０, the average lifespan of a Japanese male was７９．６４years and that of a Japanese female was８６．３９years. The most important thing for aged peaple is how to spend the healthy life without nursing care. Healthy life expectancy is an estimate of how many years are lived in good health. We must try to extend healthy life expectancy. Metabolic syndrome and locomotive syndrome shorten our healthy life expectancy. Exercise therapy prevents both metabolic syndrome and locomotive syndrome. In this report, the method of the exercise for preventing metabolic syndrome and locomotive syndrome are described

Effects of rehabilitation program for an anatomical abnormality

Introduction : Spina bifida occulta (SBO) is a common malformation of lamina of the spine, most commonly occurring in the sacrum or lower lumbar spine. Athletes with anatomical abnormalities such as SBO may be vulnerable to discoordination of muscles and/or skeletal structures. Case Report : We present a case of a 15-year-old male adolescent who presented with persistent low back pain (LBP) associated with SBO at T11-L1 that had been overlooked for several years. He participated in karate as a top-level competitor at the nationallevel, but the LBP interfered with his play. Dynamic X-ray films showed limited range of motion (ROM) in his lower lumbar spine (L3-S1). Instead, the thoracolumbar junction compensated for the lack of ROM in the lumbar spine, enabling trunk flexion and extension. To restore normal coordination, he was treated with a 2-week rehabilitation program including flexibility and core conditioning for the trunk to improve coordination of spinal movement. Two weeks later, his LBP resolved. Conclusion : These results suggest that evaluation of the coordination of the muscles and skeletal structures has an important role in the treatment of cases with an anatomical abnormality such as SBO

Treatment of osteoporosis and prevention of locomotive syndrome

Osteoporosis is one of the causes of locomotive syndrome. If osteoporosis is left untreated, fractures can occur, making it difficult to move and, in some cases, rendering the patient bedridden. Fractures have been reported to increase mortality. Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis is essential to extend healthy life expectancy. In addition to pharmacological treatment, osteoporosis control requires attention to diet, exercise and fall prevention in daily life. In this report, the treatment of osteoporosis and prevention of locomotive syndrome are described

Stand-to-sit motion in older women

Objectives : The aims of this study were to examine the biomechanics of StandTS movements in older adults and to identify their optimal StandTS motion by measuring sitting impact forces. Methods : Healthy older women (n = 17) and healthy young women (n = 18) were asked to perform SitTS and StandTS motions at a natural speed using a chair. We measured the ground reaction forces from the participants’ feet and the chair, the angle of the trunk and ankle, vertical velocity, and postural muscle activities using a force plate, motion analyzer, and electromyography, respectively. Results : Sitting impact force was significantly greater in the older women than in the young women during the StandTS motion. There was a significant difference between the trunk angle and the ankle angle during the StandTS motion and sitting impact force had a significant negative correlation with the ankle joint motion in the older women. Conclusions : The ankle joint strategy was characterized by body sway resembling a single-segment-inverted pendulum and suggests that this response is less developed in the older adult. These results indicate that the ankle joint strategy may be an important factor involved in the sitting impact force

Falls among Hospitalized Patients in an Acute Care Hospital : Analyses of Incident Reports

Falls cause injuries such as fractures, skin lacerations, bleeding, and head injury, and could result in more severe medical conditions in hospitalized patients. We retrospectively investigated the incidence and characteristics of falls among hospitalized patients in an acute care hospital from incident reports by hospital staff between January and June 2013. There were 154 falls in 135 patients, 2 of which resulted in fracture. The average age of patients who fell was 63.9 (range 0 to 91) years. Many falls occurred at the bedside (68.2%). Approximately half of all falls were related to elimination (46.6%). The most common time of discovery of falls was 2 : 00-2 : 59 AM (14/154 ; 9.1%), followed by early in the morning when patients would actively move. Fall rates in our hospital were 1.39 falls per 1,000 patient days. The department of respiratory medicine and rheumatology had the highest fall rate (3.08 falls per 1,000 patient days), followed by the departments of neurosurgery and neurology (2.98 falls per 1,000 patient days). This study revealed the characteristics of falls in an acute care hospital, and suggests that their notification in the hospital might help reduce the incidence of falls in hospitalized patients

NBRP, National Bioresource Project of Japan and plant bioresource management

The National BioResource Project has been organized and established to promote research activities using valuable bioresources. A total of twenty-eight bioresources for ten animals, nine plants and nine microorganisms/cell lines developed or collected in Japan were selected for the project. Resources are categorized into several different groups in the project; genetic resources, germplasm, genome resources and their information. Choices of how many resources must be preserved and maintained and in which categories are dependent on the status of the research community of each organism. These resources, if utilized systematically and intelligently, are powerful means for leading new scientific discoveries. Some examples can be seen in this paper. This paper reviews plant bioresources with the main focus on rice resource activities within the project

Transient severe hypotension with once-weekly subcutaneous injection of teriparatide in osteoporotic patient : a case report and insight for the drug interaction between hypotensive agents and teriparatide

Teriparatide, a recombinant form of parathyroid hormone, were well recognized as a useful option for the treatment of the osteoporosis. Although some side effects of teriparatide include headache, nausea, dizziness, and limb pain were reported. Here we present a 80-year-old woman of transient asymptomatic hypotension with once-weekly subcutaneous injection of teriparatide for the treatment of osteoporosis with hypertension disease as acute-phase reactions. Systolic blood pressure decreased in both 30 min and 60 min after injection compared with before injection. Heart rate increased with passage of time. Statistically significant were observed among before, 30min, 60min after injection of teriparatide. Slight nausea was seen as subjective symptoms with the first and second injection after 30 min. This case indicates careful attention, at least 1 hr, was recommended with weekly subcutaneous injections of teriparatide in the treatment for osoteoproteic patient with hypertension decreases. This is a first report, to the best of our knowledge, to demonstrate the transient asymptomatic hypotension after once-weekly injection of teriparatide with hypertension disease. Transient hypotension occurred after injection of teriparatide during the treatment period and was asymptomatic except for the first 2 injections

Muscle mass, quality, and strength; physical function and activity; and metabolic status in cachectic patients with head and neck cancer

Background & aims: Cancer cachexia is commonly associated with poor prognosis in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). However, its pathophysiology and treatment are not well established. The current study aimed to assess the muscle mass/quality/strength, physical function and activity, resting energy expenditure (REE), and respiratory quotient (RQ) in cachectic patients with HNC. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study analyzed 64 patients with HNC. Body composition was measured via direct segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis, and muscle quality was assessed using echo intensity on ultrasonography images. Muscle strength was investigated utilizing handgrip strength and isometric knee extension force (IKEF). Physical function was evaluated using the 10-mwalking speed test and the five times sit-to-stand (5-STS) test. Physical activity was examined using a wearable triaxial accelerometer. REE and RQ were measured via indirect calorimetry. These parameters were compared between the cachectic and noncachectic groups. Results: In total, 23 (36%) patients were diagnosed with cachexia. The cachectic group had a significantly lower muscle mass than the noncachectic group. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in terms of fat between the two groups. The cachectic group had a higher quadriceps echo intensity and a lower handgrip strength and IKEF than the noncachectic group. Moreover, they had a significantly slower normal and maximum walking speed and 5 STS speed. The number of steps, total activity time, and time of activity (<3 Mets) did not significantly differ between the two groups. The cachectic group had a shorter time of activity (≥3 Mets) than the noncachectic group. Furthermore, the cachectic group had a significantly higher REE/body weight and REE/fat free mass and a significantly lower RQ than the noncachectic group. Conclusions: The cachectic group had a lower muscle mass/quality/strength and physical function and activity and a higher REE than the noncachectic group. Thus, REE and physical activity should be evaluated to determine energy requirements. The RQ was lower in the cachectic group than that in the noncachectic group, indicating changes in energy substrate. Further studies must be conducted to examine effective nutritional and exercise interventions for patients with cancer cachexia

Mineral to matrix ratio determines biomaterial and biomechanical properties of rat femur : application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

We studied the changes of biomaterial and biomechanical properties of the rat femur during development. Thirty male Wistar rats were allocated to 6 groups : aged 6 weeks (n=5), 9 weeks (n=5), 12 weeks (n=5), 15 weeks (n=5), 24 weeks (n=5), and 36 weeks (n=5). The mineral to matrix ratio (M/M ratio) of rat femur by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was 0.97 0.10 at the age of 6 weeks, and reached the maximum of 1.52 0.17 at the age of 36 weeks. Total bone mineral density (BMD) by peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the femoral shaft aged 6 weeks was 479.1 58.7 mg/cm3, and reached the maximum of 1022.2 42.3 mg/cm3 at the age of 36 weeks. The ultimate load to failure of the femur of the rat aged 6 weeks by the three-point bending test was 29.6 6.1 N. At the age of 36 weeks, the ultimate load to failure of the rat femur increased to the maximum of 283.5 14.7 N. The results showed that the M/M ratio increased with development as total BMD and bone strength increased. The results suggest that the M/M ratio is one of the determinants of the biomaterial and biomechanical properties of bone