Adubação de cafeeiro conilon com fertilizante mineral misto granulado, fonte de magnésio, enxofre e micronutrientes.

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a influência da aplicação de óxido de magnésio associado ao gesso agrícola e a micronutrientes (zinco e boro), na forma de fertilizante granulado sobre o pH do solo, e os teores de cálcio e magnésio no solo, produção de matéria seca e conteúdo de cálcio, magnésio, zinco e boro na planta, em experimento conduzido em casa de vegetação. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com três repetições, distribuído em um esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, sendo as parcelas principais compostas por seis tratamentos (controle sem adubação; N + P + K; gesso agrícola; óxido de magnésio; gesso/MgO (70/30); gesso/MgO (70/30) + Zn + B; e as subparcelas compostas por nove períodos de amostragem. Os resultados mostraram teores superiores de cálcio (1,19 cmolc dm-3), magnésio (1,87 cmolc dm-3) e zinco (7,33 mg dm-3) no solo para os tratamentos com aplicação de gesso agrícola, granulados gesso/MgO (70/30) e gesso/ MgO (70/30) + Zn + B, respectivamente. A aplicação de gesso agrícola também promoveu maiores conteúdos de cálcio (89,66 e 27,74 mg/planta nas folhas e nos caules, respectivamente) e maior produção de matéria seca de folhas (11,22 g/planta), de caules (5,67 g/planta) e de raízes (9,88 g/planta). O tratamento com granulado gesso/MgO (70/30) promoveu maiores conteúdos de Mg nas folhas (33,86 mg/planta), nos caules (13,36 mg/planta) e nas raízes (62,97 mg/planta). Os maiores conteúdos de B nas folhas (2,83 mg/planta) e nos caules (0,24 mg/planta) foram encontrados no tratamento gesso/MgO (70/30) + Zn + B

Nematic liquid crystal alignment on chemical patterns

Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) promoting both homeotropic and planar degenerate alignment of 6CB and 9CB in their nematic phase, were created using microcontact printing of functionalised organothiols on gold films. The effects of a range of different pattern geometries and sizes were investigated, including stripes, circles and checkerboards. EvanescentWave Ellipsometry was used to study the orientation of the liquid crystal (LC) on these patterned surfaces during the isotropic-nematic phase transition. Pretransitional growth of a homeotropic layer was observed on 1 ¹m homeotropic aligning stripes, followed by a homeotropic mono-domain state prior to the bulk phase transition. Accompanying Monte-Carlo simulations of LCs aligned on nano-patterned surfaces were also performed. These simulations also showed the presence of the homeotropic mono-domain state prior to the transition.</p

Straw removal effects on sugarcane root system and stalk yield.

The sugarcane (Saccharum spp. L.) mechanical harvesting system leaves a large amount of straw mulch on the soil surface. The straw mulch may affect soil conditions, root regrowth, and sugarcane yield. Thus, this study assessed the response of sugarcane root system growth and stalk yield to different rates of straw removal. An experiment was conducted in a Rhodic Kandiudox with sand clay loam texture to test the impact of four rates of straw removal: no removal (18.9 Mg ha&#8722;1 of dry mass); moderate removal (8.7 Mg ha&#8722;1); high removal (4.2 Mg ha&#8722;1) and total removal on sugarcane root system and stalk yield. Higher concentrations of roots (60%) were found in the first 40 cm of soil. Moderate straw removal resulted in higher root mass (3.6 Mg ha&#8722;1 ) and stalk production (23 Mg ha&#8722;1 of dry mass). However, no straw removal reduced root mass by 20% (105 Mg ha&#8722;1). Through regression analysis, it was estimated that retaining between 8.5 and 13 Mg ha&#8722;1 of straw resulted in the highest root mass and stalk yield. Managing straw removal to retain a moderate amount enables producers to sustain suitable soil conditions for sugarcane root growth and stalk production while providing straw for industrial use

In Vitro Generation of Human NK Cells Expressing Chimeric Antigen Receptor Through Differentiation of Gene-Modified Hematopoietic Stem Cells.

NK cells represent a very promising source for adoptive cellular approaches for cancer immunotherapy, and extensive research has been conducted, including clinical trials. Gene modification of NK cells can direct their specificity and enhance their function, but the efficiency of gene transfer techniques is very limited. Here we describe two protocols designed to generate mature human NK cells from gene-modified hematopoietic stem cells. These protocols use chimeric antigen receptor as the transgene, but could potentially be modified for the expression any particular transgene in human NK cells