PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SELECTIVE WEIGHTED LINEAR PARALLEL INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION SCHEME FOR MC-CDMA SYSTEM

ABSTRACT A novel Selective Weighted Linear Parallel Interference Cancellation (SWLPIC) technique is proposed to reduce the interference (degrading effect) on a desired user caused by other users sharing the same channel in a Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) system. The SWLPIC technique cancels the interference using WLPIC on selected users whose instantaneous Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) exceed certain threshold on Rayleigh fading channels in each subcarrier. In WLPIC the multi access interference (MAI) are estimated and cancelled based on the soft outputs of individual subcarriers. The MAI estimate of individual subcarriers is scaled by a weight before cancellation. Also, the SIR for each subcarrier is determined and an expression for the optimum threshold is derived by optimizing the approximate expression for the SIR. The interference cancelled outputs of different subcarriers are then combined to form the final decision statistic. The simulation results show that the SWLPIC technique outperforms over matched filter (MF) detector and conventional Linear PIC (LPIC). Also the performance of SWLPIC approaches weighted LPIC (WLPIC)

The Role of Internet of Things (IoT) in Hydel Energy Sector- Perspectives

The integration of renewable energy and the optimization of energy use are crucial components of sustainable energy transitions aimed at mitigating climate change. Modern technology, notably the Internet of Things (IoT), offers a myriad of applications within the energy sector, spanning energy supply, transmission and distribution, and demand. IoT holds the potential to enhance energy efficiency, boost the share of renewable energy sources, and reduce the environmental impact of energy consumption. This review article synthesizes existing literature on IoT applications in Hydelenergy systems, with a particular focus on smart grids. Furthermore, it delves into the enabling technologies of IoT, including cloud computing and data analysis platforms. Challenges in deploying IoT in the energy sector, such as privacy and security concerns, are also addressed, with proposed solutions like blockchain technology. This review serves as a comprehensive resource for energy policymakers, economists, and managers, providing insights into IoT’s role in optimizing policymakers, economists, and managers, providing insights into IoT’s role in optimizing energy systems

Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems: An Integrated Approach to Rural Electrification

In recent years, there has been a marked shift in focus towards sustainable and renewable energy solutions, particularly in the context of developing nations. This article explores the immense potential of hybrid renewable energy (RE) systems for ushering in a transformative change in electrifying remote and rural areas within these countries. The importance of such endeavours becomes paramount as a multitude of nations globally seek strategies to diminish carbon footprints. Renewable energy systems, combining sources such as solar, wind, hydro, and biomass, emerge as crucial assets in this drive, especially when considering regions that remain largely isolated from major electrical grids. The growing emphasis on research in this domain, coupled with favourable policies, signifies a promising trajectory for RE in developing nations. Such hybrid models, by capitalising on the diverse spectrum of renewable resources at hand, are on the brink of initiating a revolution in rural electrification strategies. This review accentuates the urgency and significance of rapidly integrating these avant-garde systems, setting the stage for a future that is not only environmentally conscious but also ensures broader and more equitable access to energy

Spectrum of chlorophyll mutations and morphological variations in Abelmoschus esculentus L. induced through gamma radiation

Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench], is an economically exploited important traditional vegetable crop of the world. The present investigation examined the variability in induced chlorophyll mutants and othermorphological variations in okra. Seeds of two open pollinated popular varieties of okra namely Arka Anamika and Arka Abhay were irradiated with gamma doses of 30, 50 and 80 kR. The treatment 50 kR enhanced plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, single fruit weight and total fruit yield per plant. Spectrum of several chlorophyll mutants were observed in the M1 generation. Other macro-mutants such as early and late flowering types, dwarf statured plants, leaf and flower mutants were also noticed at different doses of gamma radiation. The total number of visible mutation followed a trend of increasing frequency with the increase in dose of radiation

Speed Breeding- An Emerging Trend in Crop Improvement

During the past century, traditional breeding programs resulted in several significantly better types in a variety of unique breeding programs around the world. The plant develops slowly because of the lengthy breeding cycle, which can take ten to fifteen years from the cross to cultivar release. That stated it is quite difficult to combine multiple polygenic traits using traditional breeding methods. Speed breeding is a technique that reduces the length of the breeding cycle by lengthening the photoperiod and adjusting other glasshouse growth factors like temperature, soil type, spacing, etc. Rapid generational advancement is made possible by this strategy. Speed breeding yields 3 to 9 generations annually as opposed to 1 to 2 generations annually using standard selection processes. Instead of 2-3 generations per year under typical glasshouse conditions, speed breeding can produce up to 6 generations per year for spring wheat, durum wheat, barley, chickpea, and pea, and 4 generations for canola. Speed breeding, thus, permits the rapid generation of stable and homozygous genotypes

Variability Parameters, Correlation Studies and Path Analysis of Yield and Yield-Related Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.): A Comprehensive Review

Rice, a staple food crop of global importance exhibits substantial diversity in terms of yield and other agronomic traits, influenced by genetic, environmental, and management factors. Variability parameters, including genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, heritability, correlation, and path analysis provide crucial insights into the extent of trait variation and their potential for improvement through breeding programs. Furthermore, correlation studies unveil the interdependencies between different traits, shedding light on potential connections influencing yield. This analysis uncovers important trait associations, guiding breeders and researchers in the pursuit of crop improvement strategies. By identifying both positive and negative correlations, this research offers a deeper understanding of trait interplay and informs targeted trait selection efforts. Path analysis, a pivotal aspect of this review, describes the underlying causal relationships between traits and their direct and indirect effects on yield. This analysis facilitates the ranking of trait contributions and guides decisions for trait prioritization in breeding programs. By illuminating the pathways through which traits influence yield, path analysis enhances the precision of trait selection for improved rice cultivars. The synergy of variability parameters, correlation studies, and path analysis presents a holistic framework for unraveling the complexities of rice yield determination. Understanding these parameters enhances our ability to select and develop high-yielding and resilient rice varieties, contributing to food security and sustainable agriculture. This abstract delves into the significance of variability parameters in unraveling the complexities of rice yield and trait dynamics, guiding effective crop improvement strategies for the future. This review provides a valuable synthesis of existing knowledge, offering insights that can aid researchers, breeders, and agronomists in their pursuit of enhancing rice yield and overall agricultural sustainability