Influence of sowing date on the growth and yield performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties

A field study was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the effect of sowing date on the performance of wheat varieties. The experiment, laid out in RCBD with three replications, comprised four sowing dates viz.,15 November, 30 November, 15 December and 30 December, and four varieties of wheat viz. BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27 and Shatabdi. The results suggested that the highest plant population m-2 (58.17) and the highest plant height (89.59 cm) were obtained in 15 November sowing. BARI Gom 25 produced the highest plant population m-2 (50.33) and the highest plant height (86.32) while the same trend was observed in the interaction of BARI Gom 25×15 November sowing. The lowest performance of these two parameters was observed in the interaction of Shatabdi × 30 December sowing. The highest grain yield (2.18 ha-1) was found in the interaction of BARI Gom 25 × 15 November sowing as contributed by its highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (4.73), the highest number of spikelets spike-1 (17.77), the highest number of grains spike-1(37.89) and the highest 1000-grain weight (29.99g). The individual effect of the BARI Gom 25 and 15 November sowing on those parameters was also observed as the highest. The lowest grain yield (1.5 t ha-1) was found in the interaction of Shatabdi × 30 December sowing because of the poor performance of the yield components of this treatment combination. The variety BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 both gave better yield when sown on 15 November. Therefore, BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 should be sown on 15 November rather than late sowing to obtain better performance and grain yield of wheat

Growth analysis of short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija) under three agronomic practices

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the growth of short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija) under three agronomic practices. The study comprised of two nursery seeding densities viz. 40 and 80 g seeds m-2, three ages of seedlings viz. 20, 30 and 40-day old, and three levels of seedlings hill-1 viz. 2, 4 and 6 seedlings hill-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. For individual treatment effects, the highest plant height, number of tillers hill-1, total dry matter, leaf area index and crop growth rate were found when seedlings were raised @ 40g seed m-2 and 30-day old seedlings were transplanted @4 seedlings hill-1. In interaction, the highest number of tillers hill-1 (13.00) and total dry matter (22.93 g) at 45 DAT, and crop growth rate (6.71 g m-2 day-1) at 15-30 DAT were obtained from the interaction among 40 g seed m-2 × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill-1. On the other hand, the tallest plant (73.27 cm) at 45 DAT was found from the interaction among 80 g seed m-2 × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill-1, while the highest leaf area index (2.87) was recorded from the interaction of 40 g seed m-2 × 30-day old seedlings × 2 seedlings hill-1 at 50 DAT. Considering both the significant individual and interaction treatment effects on the growth parameters, the use of 40 g seed m-2 × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill-1 could improve the growth performance of short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija). Therefore, a nursery seeding density of 40 g seed m-2 and 30-day old seedlings transplanting with 4 seedlings hill-1 appears as the promising combination in respect of growth performance of short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija)

Assessing the influence of integrated nutrient management on growth performance of aromatic fine rice

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July 2017 to December 2017 to study the combined effect of vermicompost with inorganic fertilizers on the growth attributes of aromatic fine rice varieties. The experiment comprised three varieties viz. BRRI dhan34, Binadhan-13 and Kalizira, and five nutrient managements viz. Control (no application of manures and fertilizer), Recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers ( i.e. 150, 95, 70, 60, 12 kg ha-1 of Urea, TSP, MOP, Gypsum and Zinc Sulphate, respectively), vermicompost @ 3 t ha-1, 25% less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 1.5 t ha-1, 50 % less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 3 t   ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Growth characters of aromatic fine rice were significantly influenced by variety, nutrient management and interaction of variety and nutrient management. In case of variety, the highest number of total tillers hill-1 leaf area index, total dry matter production and chlrophyll content were obtained from Binadhan-13 at all sampling dates. While, Kalizira produced the lowest number of total tillers hill-1, total dry matter, leaf area index and chlorophyll content except plant height at all sampling dates. In case of nutrient management, the tallest plant, the highest number of total tillers hill-1, total dry matter production, leaf area index and chlrophyll content were obtained from 50 % less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 3 t ha-1 at all sampling dates. But the shortest plant, the lowest number of total tillers hill-1, leaf area index, total dry matter production, crop growth rate and chlorophyll content were found in control (no manures and fertilizers) at all sampling dates. In case of interaction of variety and nutrient management, the highest number of total tillers hill-1, leaf area index, total dry matter production and chlorophyll content were found in Binadhan-13 along with 50 % less than recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 3 t ha-1 at all sampling dates. So, it can be concluded that Binadhan-13 along with 50% less than the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + vermicompost @ 3 t ha-1 combination might be a promising practice for aromatic fine rice cultivation

Integrated nutrient management practices affect the growth performance of aromatic fine rice varieties in Boro season

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University during November 2016 to April 2017 to investigate the effect of nutrient management on the growth performance of some aromatic rice varieties in Boro season. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications considering two factors viz. varieties and nutrient management. This experiment consisted of three varieties viz., BRRI dhan50, Basmati and BRRI dhan63, and seven nutrient managements viz., poultry manure 5 t ha-1, recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (i.e. 250, 126, 120, 100 and 10 kg N-P-K-S-Zn, respectively ha-1), 25% less than recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1, 50% less than recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, vermicompost @ 10 t ha-1, 25% less than recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 and 50% less than recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + vermicompost @ 10 t ha-1. The results revealed that variety, nutrient management and their interaction exerted significant influence on growth characters of aromatic fine rice in Boro season. The highest plant height (55.14 cm, 66.14 cm) at 70 and 85 DAT, dry matter hill-1 (15.39 g) at 85 DAT and chlorophyll content (39.29) at 55 DAT was recorded from BRRI dhan63. While, Basmati produced the highest leaf area index (0.60) at 60 DAT and the highest number of total tillers hill-1 (11.52, 10.81, 9.619) was obtained from BRRI dhan50 at 55, 70, 85 DAT. In case of nutrient management practices, 25% less than recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + vermicompost 5 t ha-1 produced the highest plant height (45.22cm, 55.22cm, 65.67 cm) at 55, 70, 85 DAT, leaf area index (0.70) at 60 DAT and chlorophyll content (41.56) at 55 DAT, respectively. Again, from the interaction, it was observed that all the growth parameters were significantly influenced and increased with suitable variety along with proper nutrient management. Therefore, from this study, it can be decided that BRRI dhan63 fertilized along with 25% less than recommended dose of chemical fertilizer + vermicompost 5 t ha-1 might be the best possible combination for proper growth of plant

Effect of nursery seeding density, age of seedling and number of seedlings hill−1 on the performance of short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija)

The cultivar Parija is a short duration transplanted Aus rice, which can be cultivated in between Boro and transplanted Aman rice without hampering their yield. Hence, research work on proper agronomic practices warrant due attention to augment the grain yield of this cultivar. An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during April to July 2012 to examine the effect of nursery seeding density, age of seedling and number of seedlings hill−1 and their effects on the yield components and yield of short duration transplant Aus rice (cv. Parija). The experiment consisted of two nursery seeding densities viz. 40, 80 g seeds m−2, three ages of seedlings viz. 20-, 30- and 40-day old and three levels of seedlings hill−1 viz. 2, 4 and 6 seedlings hill−1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The results showed that the treatments 40 g seed m−2 × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill−1 individually had significant effect on the total tillers hill−1, effective tillers hill−1, grains panicle−1 and sterility percentage. In consequence, the highest grain yields of 3.28, 3.35 and 3.5 t ha−1 were found at 40 g seed m−2, 30-day old seedlings and 4 seedlings hill−1, respectively. In case of interaction the highest grain yield (4.22 t ha−1) was found in 40 g seed m−2 × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill−1 which was at par with the interaction of 40 g seed m−2 × 30-day old seedlings × 6 seedlings hill−1 (3.84 t ha−1) and 80 g seed m−2 × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill−1. Considering both the individual and cumulative significant effects of the treatments on the yield components and grain yield, the use of 40 g seed m−2, 30-day-old seedlings and 4 seedlings hill−1 could improve the yield components and grain yield of short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija). Therefore, short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija) can be cultivated maintaining a nursery seeding density of 40 g seed m−2 and 30-day old seedlings with 4 seedlings hill−1 for obtaining maximum grain yield

Effectiveness of integrated weed management in five varieties of aromatic rice in Bangladesh

An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh to evaluate the efficacy, rice selectivity and cost-effectiveness of some integrated weed control methods on the productivity of aromatic rice under randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of five aromatic rice varieties; Kalijira, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan37, BRRI dhan38 and Binadhan-13, and six different weed management practices comprising no weeding, weed free, mechanical + manual weeding, pre–emergence herbicide + manual weeding, post–emergence herbicide + manual weeding, pre– + post–emergence herbicide. Ten weed species belonging to five families infested the experimental plots. Herbicide treatments provided excellent weed control efficiency and produced much higher net benefit and cost benefit ratio than weedy plot. Among the herbicidal and mechanical treatments, sequential application of Bensulfuran methyl + Acetachlor at early growth stage (pre-emergence herbicide) followed by Pyrazosulfuran ethyl at mid growth stage (post-emergence herbicide) provided the highest weed control efficiency, productivity and net benefit. Single application of Pyrazosulfuran ethyl at mid growth stage followed by one hand weeding performed very close to the pre– + post–emergence herbicide application in terms of productivity and net benefit but in terms of weed control efficiency at 45 days after transplanting application of Bensulfuran methyl + Acetachlor at early growth stage followed by one hand weeding performed very close to pre– + post–emergence herbicide application. Mechanical weeding followed by one hand weeding and application of Bensulfuran methyl + Acetachlor at early growth stage followed by one hand weeding also provided satisfactory results in terms of productivity and economic return. Since manual weeding was less economic, sequential application of pre- and post-emergence herbicides may be recommended for effective weed management in aromatic rice

Herbicide based weed management in aromatic rice of Bangladesh

Selection of appropriate weed management strategy helps reduce rice yield loss due to weeds. Despite some undesirable side-effects, no viable alternative is currently available to shift the chemical weed management in rice. However, time of herbicide application is very important with respect to its efficacy. Keeping in mind the inevitability of herbicidal weed control, the current study was designed to evaluate the response of selected aromatic fine rice varieties of Bangladesh to different herbicides based weed management practices compare to farmers’ practices. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of five aromatic rice varieties; Kalijira, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan37, BRRI dhan38 and Binadhan-13, and six different weed management practices comprising no weeding, weed free, mechanical + manual weeding, pre–emergence herbicide + manual weeding, post–emergence herbicide + manual weeding and pre– + post–emergence herbicide. Eleven weed species belonging to five families were observed in the experimental plots. Based on the summed dominance ratio (SDR), grassy weed species Echinochloa crusgalli (SDR of 30.7) was the most dominant species, whereas broadleaf weed Nymphaea nouchali (SDR of 0.83) was the least one. Among the weed control treatments, application of pre–+ post emergence herbicides offered the highest reduction in weed density and biomass at all sampling dates which resulted in minimum crop-weed competition facilitating improvement in the yield contributing characters and finally resulted in the highest grain yield (2.5 t ha−1) and harvest index (30.7%) next to the weed free treatment. The variety BRRI dhan38 gave the highest grain yield (3.4 t ha−1) due to the highest performance of the yield contributing characters among the varieties. In interaction, BRRI dhan38 with pre–+ post–emergence herbicide application gave the highest yield (3.4 t ha−1) apart from the weed free treatment. Being efficient in weed density and biomass reduction as well as the highest yield producer, sequential application of pre–and post–emergence herbicides may be recommended for effective weed management practices in BRRI dhan38

Impact of vermicompost based nitrogen management and plant spacing on the performance of short duration transplant Aus rice (cv. Parija)

An investigation was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University to inspect the effect of vermicompost based nitrogen management and plant spacing on the yield performance of short duration transplant Aus rice (cv. Parija). The study comprised three spacing viz. 20 cm × 20 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm and 20 cm × 10 cm, and five nitrogen management viz. no nitrogen, 75 kg N ha-1, 55 kg N ha-1 + vermicompost @1.25 t ha-1, 35 kg N ha-1 + vermicompost @2.5 t ha-1 and vermicompost @5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. At harvest, both the spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm and 20 cm × 15 cm produced the tallest plants, the highest number of total tillers hill-1 and effective tillers hill-1. The highest grain yield (3.59 t ha-1) was recorded in 20 cm × 15 cm spacing which was at par with the grain yield (3.52 t ha-1) in 20 cm × 10 cm spacing. The 20 cm × 10 cm spacing also produced the highest straw yield (4.88 t ha-1) and biological yield (8.40 t ha-1). The lowest grain, straw and biological yields were recorded at the wider spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm. In contrast, the highest grain yield (3.79 t ha-1), straw yield (4.99 t ha-1) and biological yield (8.79 t ha-1) were found in 75 kg N ha-1 which was as good as the yields of 55 kg N ha-1 N+ vermicompost @1.25 t ha-1. The highest number of total tillers hill-1 (14.11) and effective tillers hill-1 (12.67) were found in the interaction effect of 20 cm × 20 cm spacing with 75 kg N ha-1. The interaction between 20 cm × 15 cm and 55 kg N ha-1 N+ vermicompost @1.25 t ha-1 gave the highest grain yield (4.58 t ha-1), straw yield (5.71 t ha-1) and biological yield (10.29 t ha-1). The lowest grain yield (2.03 t ha-1), straw yield (3.49 t ha-1) and biological yield (5.52 t ha-1) were found in the interaction between 20 cm × 20 cm and no nitrogen. Therefore, usage of 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 55 kg N ha-1 + vermicompost @1.25 t ha-1 appeared as the promising practice of transplant Aus rice cv. (Parija) cultivation

Influence of time of sowing and nutrient management on yield and quality of table beet in Bangladesh

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from November 2019 to March 2020 to find out the effect of date of sowing and nutrient management on the growth, yield and quality of table beet. The experiment comprised three dates of sowing, viz. 15 November 2019, 15 December 2019 and 15 January 2020, and five nutrient managements, viz. recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (RDF) N-P-K @ 60-100-60 kg ha–1, respectively, 75% RDF + cowdung @ 10 t ha-1, 25% RDF + cowdung @ 10 t ha-1, 75% RDF + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1, 25% RDF + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Growth traits, yield components, yield and quality were significantly influenced by date of sowing, nutrient management and their interactions. The highest shoot length and leaf number and were recorded in early sowing on 15 November fertilized with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 5 t ha–1. The highest root girth, root length, root yield, TSS (%) and value of vitamin c were recorded when the crop was sown on 15 November. Yield components, root yield and grain TSS (%) gradually decreased due to delay in sowing. In case of nutrient, the highest root girth, root length, root yield and value of TSS (%) were recorded when the crop was fertilized with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 5 t ha–1. The highest value of ascorbic acid was recorded when fertilized with 25% RDF + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1. Early sowing on 15 November fertilized with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + vermicompost @ 5 t ha–1 was found to be promising practice for the cultivation of table beet under Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Soils of Bangladesh. [J Bangladesh Agril Univ 2023; 21(2.000): 144-151