Mjerenje naboja dijelova čestica snopa – traženje čestica s necijelim nabojem

Measurement of charges ( 1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) of the projectile fragments produced in silicon-emulsion interaction at 14.5 AGeV was carried out with the help of lacunarity (L) method, using nuclear emulsion track detector. No fractionally-charged projectile fragment was found in this investigation. Only integrally-charged projectile fragments with Z=1,2 and 3 were detected.Mjerenje naboja (1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) dijelova čestica upadnog snopa proizvedenih u međudjelovanju jezgri silicija u emulziji na 14.5 AGeV načinjeno je primjenom metode isprekidanosti traga čestice, rabeći nukleografsku emulziju kao detektor. U ovom istraživanju nije nađena čestica s necijelim nabojem, već samo čestice s cjelobrojnim nabojima Z = 1, 2 i 3

Mjerenje naboja dijelova čestica snopa – traženje čestica s necijelim nabojem

Measurement of charges ( 1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) of the projectile fragments produced in silicon-emulsion interaction at 14.5 AGeV was carried out with the help of lacunarity (L) method, using nuclear emulsion track detector. No fractionally-charged projectile fragment was found in this investigation. Only integrally-charged projectile fragments with Z=1,2 and 3 were detected.Mjerenje naboja (1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) dijelova čestica upadnog snopa proizvedenih u međudjelovanju jezgri silicija u emulziji na 14.5 AGeV načinjeno je primjenom metode isprekidanosti traga čestice, rabeći nukleografsku emulziju kao detektor. U ovom istraživanju nije nađena čestica s necijelim nabojem, već samo čestice s cjelobrojnim nabojima Z = 1, 2 i 3

Dopamine-Induced Apoptosis of Lactotropes Is Mediated by the Short Isoform of D2 Receptor

Dopamine, through D2 receptor (D2R), is the major regulator of lactotrope function in the anterior pituitary gland. Both D2R isoforms, long (D2L) and short (D2S), are expressed in lactotropes. Although both isoforms can transduce dopamine signal, they differ in the mechanism that leads to cell response. The administration of D2R agonists, such as cabergoline, is the main pharmacological treatment for prolactinomas, but resistance to these drugs exists, which has been associated with alterations in D2R expression. We previously reported that dopamine and cabergoline induce apoptosis of lactotropes in primary culture in an estrogen-dependent manner. In this study we used an in vivo model to confirm the permissive action of estradiol in the apoptosis of anterior pituitary cells induced by D2R agonists. Administration of cabergoline to female rats induced apoptosis, measured by Annexin-V staining, in anterior pituitary gland from estradiol-treated rats but not from ovariectomized rats. To evaluate the participation of D2R isoforms in the apoptosis induced by dopamine we used lactotrope-derived PR1 cells stably transfected with expression vectors encoding D2L or D2S receptors. In the presence of estradiol, dopamine induced apoptosis, determined by ELISA and TUNEL assay, only in PR1-D2S cells. To study the role of p38 MAPK in apoptosis induced by D2R activation, anterior pituitary cells from primary culture or PR1-D2S were incubated with an inhibitor of the p38 MAPK pathway (SB203850). SB203580 blocked the apoptotic effect of D2R activation in lactotropes from primary cultures and PR1-D2S cells. Dopamine also induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation, determined by western blot, in PR1-D2S cells and estradiol enhanced this effect. These data suggest that, in the presence of estradiol, D2R agonists induce apoptosis of lactotropes by their interaction with D2S receptors and that p38 MAPK is involved in this process

Aqueous-Phase Synthesis of Silver Nanodiscs and Nanorods in Methyl Cellulose Matrix: Photophysical Study and Simulation of UV–Vis Extinction Spectra Using DDA Method

We present a very simple and effective way for the synthesis of tunable coloured silver sols having different morphologies. The procedure is based on the seed-mediated growth approach where methyl cellulose (MC) has been used as soft-template in the growth solution. Nanostructures of varying morphologies as well as colour of the silver sols are controlled by altering the concentration of citrate in the growth solution. Similar to the polymers in the solution, citrate ions also dynamically adsorbed on the growing silver nanoparticles and promote one (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) growth of nanoparticles. Silver nanostructures are characterized using UV–vis and HR-TEM spectroscopic study. Simulation of the UV–vis extinction spectra of our synthesized silver nanostructures has been carried out using discrete dipole approximation (DDA) method