The effects of different egg yolk concentrations used with soy bean lecithin-based extender on semen quality to freeze bull semen

Özet Sarıözkan S, Tuncer PB, Bucak MN, Büyükleblebici S, Kinet H, Bilgen A. Boğa spermasının dondurulmasında soya lesitin temelli sulandırıcı ile birlikte kullanılan farklı yumurta sarısı konsantrasyonlarının sperma kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 26, 1, 45-49 Amaç: Boğa spermasını dondurmak için soya lesitin temelli sulandırıcıya (Bioxcell ® ) %5 ve 10 konsantrasyonlarında santrifüj edilmiş yumurta sarısı (SYS) katıldı ve bunların çözüm sonu sperm motilite, morfolojik anormallikler ve membran bütünlüğü üzerindeki sinerjistik etkileri değerlendirildi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Her bir Simental boğadan alınan ejakulatlar (n=12) üç eşit miktara ayrıldı ve sırasıyla %5 (B5), %10 (B10) SYS eklenmiş ve hiç SYS (B0) içerme-yen soya lesitin temelli sulandırıcı ile sulandırıldı. Ardın-dan standart protokollere göre donduruldu ve çözdürül-dü. Spermatozoa kryocanlılığı, in vitro çözüm sonu motilite (CASA), akrozomal ve diğer anormallikler ve plasma membran bütünlüğü (HOST) yönünden değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Simental boğalarda, dondurma ve çözdürme sonrası B5 ile sulandırılan grupta, diğer sulandırıcılar-la sulandırılan gruplardan önemli derecede daha yüksek CASA motilite ve CASA progresif motilite oranı elde edilmiştir (p<0.001). Gruplar arasında, VAP, VCL ve ALH yö-nünden önemli bir farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). En yüksek VSL (p<0.01) ve LIN değeri (p<0.001) B10 grubundan elde edilmiştir. Membran bütünlüğü oranı, B5 grubunda, diğer gruplara göre önemli derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.001). Öneri: Soya lesitinle kombine olarak sulandırıcıya %5 SYS eklenmesi boğa spermasının dondurulabilirliğini önemli derecede artırmıştır. Abstract Sariozkan S, Tuncer PB, Bucak MN, Buyukleblebici S, Kinet H, Bilgen A. The effects of different egg yolk concentrations used with soy lecithin-based extender on semen tuality to freeze bull semen. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 26, 1, 45-49 Aim: The centrifuged egg yolk (CEY) was added at concentrations of 0.5 or 10% to a defined soy lecithin-based extender (Bioxcell ® ) used to freeze bull semen and their synergistic effects on post-thaw sperm motility, morphological abnormalities and membrane integrity assessed. Materials and Methods: Ejaculates obtained from each Simmental bull (n:12) divided in three equal aliquots and diluted in CEY 5% (B5), 10% (B10) supplemented, and without any CEY (B0) in soy bean lecithin -based extender, respectively. Thereafter, they were frozen and thawed following a standart protocol. Sperm cryosurvival was evaluated in vitro by microscopic assessments of post-thaw sperm motility (by means of the CASA), acrosomal and other abnormalities (head, mid-pieces, and tail) and plasma membrane integrity (evaluated by HOST). Results: In Simmental bulls, semen extended with B5 had significantly higher CASA motility and CASA progressive motility than those extended with the rest of extenders after freezing and thawing (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in VAP, VCL, and ALH among the three groups (p>0.05). For VSL (p<0.01) and LIN (p< 0.001), the highest values were obtained from B10 group. The highest percentages of acrosomal and other abnormalities were found in semen diluted in B10 (p<0.001). In the group frozen B5, the percentage of membrane integrity was significantly higher than that of the other groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The use of CEY 5% in combination with soy bean lecithin significantly improved bull semen freezability

APPLICABILITY OF NON-FEED REMOVAL PROGRAMS TO INDUCE MOLTING INSTEAD OF THE CONVENTIONAL FEED WITHDRAWAL METHOD IN BROWN LAYING HENS

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to compare the applicability of non-feed removal (NFR) programs to induce molting in brown laying hens by feedusing alfalfa meal and barley grain on molting of instead of feed withdrawal in terms of performance, egg quality and profitability. A total of 240, 75-week-old Hy-Line brown laying hens were randomly divided into three groups as conventional feed withdrawal (CONV), and two non-feed removal programs using alfalfa meal (A+F) or barley grain (B+F), each containing 80 hens with 20 replicates (4 hens x 20 replicates = 80 hens). After 10 days of the induced molting the lowest body weight loss (20.01%) was found in the B+F method (p 0.05). Haugh unit of CONV group was better than NFR groups, whereas molting by NFR groups improved egg yolk color (p< 0.001). Despite higher feed cost of NFR programs, egg income and profit was better than CONV group (p< 0.001). In conclusion, molting with alfalfa meal and barley grain of brown layers may be used as non-feed removal programs, without negative effects on the performance and egg quality parameters. Besides, these non-feed removal programs have higher income and profitability

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Dried Distillers Grain with Solubles (DDGS) and Yucca (Yucca schidigera) on Broiler Performance, Carcass Traits, Intestinal Viscosity and Marketing

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of dried distillers’ grain with soluble (DDGS) and yucca (Yucca schidigera) on broiler performance, intestinal viscosity, carcass traits, and marketing. A total of 360, 21-d-old male broiler chickens were divided into 4 groups as 1: Control (C, corn based diet, without DDGS and yucca (Y) supplementation), 2: DDGS (30%), 3: C + Y (120 mg/kg Yucca) and 4: DDGS (30%) + Y (120 mg/kg) with 6 replicates (15 chicks x 6 replicates). The study was performed between 21 to 42 days of age. As a result, there were no significant differences among the groups in terms of body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and mortality rate (P>0.05). The carcass traits and effects of different marketing type (whole sale or cutting parts) on profit were compared. A slight decrease was determined in group 4 in terms of leg quarter ratio to cold carcass weight and carcass yield. Intestinal viscosity, bacterial counts and pH values (in duodenum and ileum) were not different among the groups (P>0.05). The lowest production cost was determined in DDGS and DDGS+Y groups (

Effects of Transportation Distance, Slaughter Age, and Seasonal Factors on Total Losses in Broiler Chickens

ABSTRACT This study aimed at determining the total losses associated with the season, transportation distance, and slaughter age during the transportation of broilers from poultry farms to slaughterhouses in Turkey. All data and parameters were statistically analyzed and the change in total loss during transportation was evaluated by two-way analysis of variance to determine which factors or variables affect this change. Total transportation losses were compared among the four seasons of the year, two slaughter ages (younger broiler, 31-39 days of age; older broilers 40-46 days of age) and three distance ranges (short, ≤50 km; medium, 51-150 km; and long, ≥151 km). Total losses of 259.40 g, 307.35 g, and 350.14 g were determined for short, medium and long distances, respectively, indicating that losses increased with transportation distance (p<0.05). Broilers slaughtered at a younger age presented lower total losses than those slaughtered at an older age (p<0.05). When seasons were evaluated, the highest total loss was determined in the summer, which was not statistically different from that calculated for autumn, whereas total transportation losses in spring and winter were found relatively lower. The study showed long-distance transportation in the winter considerably increased total losses to levels similar to those obtained in the summer

Analysis of Different Production Systems in Laying Hen Enterprises with Analytic Hierarchy Process in Turkey

The present study aimed to evaluated the enterprises engaged in conventional cage, enriched cage, free-range and organic egg production in Turkey in terms of four different criteria (profit, investment cost, animal welfare/health and sales/marketing) using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). For this purpose, the questionnaires through face-to-face interviews were conducted with a total of 64 producers who had been determined by random sampling method from 5 different regions included 17 Provinces between November 2016 and March 2019, and primary data were obtained. As a result, it has been found strategically significant that enterprises, to be engaged at the level of 47.0%, 20.0%, 18.0% and 15.0% in conventional, enriched, free-range and organic cage systems, respectively, in the market in terms of profit, investment cost, animal welfare/health and sales /marketing criteria. In addition, in the enterprises within the scope of the research, the profit, investment cost, sales/marketing and animal welfare/health criteria were determined as the dominant criteria at the level of 53.5%, 22.0%, 13.5% and 11.0% respectively. In conclusion, the conventional cage system is dominant with the rates of 55.0% for profit and 53.0% for investment cost criteria, and both of the conventional and enriched systems in terms of sales/marketing criteria are 38.5% dominant and the organic system in terms of animal welfare/health is 46.0% dominant

Economical impact of tropical theileriosis in the Cappadocia region of Turkey

This study was initiated to investigate the economical impact of vaccination against tropical theileriosis in cattle in Cappadocia in Turkey. A total of 554 vaccinated and non-vaccinated animals were monitored for Theileria annulata infection using microscopic examination serology by measuring the antibody response of the animals by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The prevalence of T annulata infection, morbidity and mortality were significantly higher in unvaccinated than in vaccinated cattle, whereas the seropositivity was significantly lower in the unvaccinated group. Acute tropical theileriosis cases were diagnosed in 156 of 554 (27.61%) cattle, and 86 of 156 (56.21%) died from the disease. The total economic losses because of tropical theileriosis were estimated at US$598,133 for 2 years