Pengaruh Pemberian Jahe Merah (Zingiber Officinale Var Rubrum) Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Wanita Dislipidemia

Latar Belakang : Dislipidemia merupakan gangguan metabolisme lipoprotein yang salah satunya ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar kolesterol total yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya aterosklerosis. Jahe merah mengandung flavonoid dan polifenol memiliki efek hipokolesterol dapat menekan aktivitas enzim HMG-KoA reduktase sehingga dapat mengurangi biosintesis kolesterol total. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jahe merah terhadap kadar kolesterol total wanita dislipidemia.Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah true experimental dengan rancangan control group pre test – post test. Subjek adalah wanita usia 30-50 tahun yang memiliki kadar kolesterol total sebesar 200–249 mg/dl. Kelompok dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan dengan 15 subjek tiap kelompok. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan minuman jahe merah sebanyak 3,2 ml/kg BB per hari dan kelompok kontrol diberikan sirup rendah kalori 25 ml dengan penambahan air 200 ml selama 21 hari. Kadar kolesterol total dianalisis dengan metode Cholesterol Oxidase Phenol Aminoantipyrin (CHOD-PAP). Uji normalitas data menggunakan Saphiro-wilk. Analisis statistik menggunakan dependent t-test, independent t-test , Mann Whitney dan uji Pearson.Hasil : minuman jahe merah sebanyak 3,2 ml/kg BB per hari selama 21 hari dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total dari 226,0 ± 14,19 mg/dl menjadi 206,46 ± 15,15 mg/dl (p=0.00). Sedangkan kelompok kontrol terdapat kenaikan kolesterol total dari 223,2 ± 12,27 menjadi 235,13 ± 29,43 (p=0.09).Simpulan : Pemberian minuman jahe merah sebanyak 3,2 ml/kg BB per hari selama 21 hari dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total secara signifikan

Nosocomial Clostridium Difficile Diarrhea in Patient with Malignancy

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is the main pathogen causing antibiotics associated diarrhea and colitis. This bacterium increases with hospitalization with incidence of 20-60 cases per 100,000 patients/day. C. difficile is gram positive bacilli which produce toxins in 2,700 cases in every 100,000 exposures to particular antibiotics, such as clindamycin, cephalosporin, and ampicillin. These antibiotics disrupt the intestinal normal flora and predispose to colonization of C. difficile. This case described a 53-year old male patient with squamous cell carcinoma in his left ear who came to Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, with the complain of diarrhea since two weeks after one month hospitalization in Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat. The characteristics of the diarrhea were 10 times per day ± 100 mL, watery consistency, green yellowish in color, and no blood in the feces. Additionally, the patient also complained of pain in all parts of his stomach, especially in the epigastric area. Earlier, patient was given ceftazidime for 30 days of hospitalization. The serology examination of C. difficile in the feces showed positive result (titer = 0.790 and control = 0.190). During the colonoscopy examination, pancolitis was found and the pathologic anatomy result was found appropriate for infective colitis. Thereafter, antibiotic administration was ceased and metronidazole was administered intravenously three times a day. The diarrhea stopped after seven days and the patient was discharged