Studies on the ambient air quality status in the Industrial belt of Kashipur, Uttarakhand, India

Industrial activity in Kashipur area, Uttarakhand give rise in to significant level of pollutants in the atmosphere, which affect the quality of life in the industrial area. In the present study, air quality status has been monitored using the AAQSM procedure in the industrial area of Kashipur, Uttarakhand, India. During course of study 24 h average criteria pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, respirable suspended particulate matter and suspended particulate matter for 2011 at ten air quality monitoring stations were measured. All the ten air quality monitoring stations has been analysed against NAAQS for particulate matters (SPM & RMP), SO2 and NOx concentrations for monitoring period of 2011. Results of monitoring reflect that ambient air quality of all the stations are under prescribed limits. The study concluded that some area need immediate attention for its proper management to maintain ambient air quality further it is suggested that maintenance of unpaved roads is of utmost importance

Studies of Ground water quality assessment at industrial belt of Kashipur, Uttarakhand, India

Pollution of ground water is one of the areas of major concern to environmentalists. Water quality is an index of health and well being of a society. Industrialisation, urbanisation and modern agriculture practices have direct impact on ground water resources. These factors influence the ground water quantitatively and qualitatively. Ground water is an important source of potable water supply for Kashipur as well as adjoined areas of the U S Nagar district for all purposes. Ten different locations were selected for the study and compared. Attempts were made to study and analyze the physico-chemical characteristics of the water. The parameters studied were temperature, pH, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, sulphate, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium and conductivity. By observing the result it can be concluded that the parameters which were taken for study the water quality are below the pollution level for ground water which satisfy the requirement for the use of various purposes like domestic, agricultural, industrial etc in Kashipur area

Studies of surfacewater quality of the Kashipur, Uttarakhand, India

Pollution of water bodies is one of the areas of major concern to environmentalists. Water quality is an index of health and well being of a society. Industrialisation, urbanisation and modern agriculture practices have direct impact on water resources. These factors influence the water resources quantitatively and qualitatively. The study area selected were the Bahella river, Mahadev stream and Kosi river basin of Kashipur, Uttarakhand, India. The Bahellariver, Mahadev and Kosi river water is an important source of potable water supply for Kashipur as well as adjointed areas of the U S Nagar district for all purposes.The physico-chemical parameters like temperature, pH, turbidity, total hardness, alkalinity, BOD, COD, chloride, nitrate and phosphate and fluoride content in water of Bahella river, Mahadev stream and Kosi river were studied to ascertain the drinking and domestic as well as irrigation water supply in Kashipur area. In this present study water quality of Bahellariver, Mahadev stream and Kosi river is taken into account and Khokartalwater is found to be severely polluted with reference to these analyzed parameters

Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 3-(2-thiazolyl)-1 ,2-benzisothiazoles

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Endodontic management of nonvital permanent teeth having immature roots with one step apexification, using mineral trioxide aggregate apical plug and autogenous platelet-rich fibrin membrane as an internal matrix: Case series

A tooth with blunderbuss canal and open apex can be an endodontic challenge because of difficulty in obtaining an apical seal, and existing thin radicular walls which are susceptible to fracture. To overcome the limitations of traditional long-term calcium hydroxide apexification procedures, nonsurgical one step apexification using an array of materials such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been suggested. However, adequate compaction of MTA in teeth with wide open apices can be an arduous task, and an internal matrix is required for controlled placement of MTA against which obturating material can be condensed. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a second generation platelet concentrate containing several growth factors that promotes hard and soft-tissue healing, has been used as an internal matrix to create an apical plug of MTA and hence prevent extrusion of filling materials. This case series presents the endodontic management of immature permanent teeth with open apices using internal matrix of autologous PRF membrane and one step apical barrier placement of MTA

Endodontic and Esthetic Management of a Dilacerated Maxillary Central Incisor Having Two Root Canals Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography as a Diagnostic Aid

Traumatic injuries to the primary dentition are quite common. When primary teeth are subjected to trauma, force transmission and/or invasion of the underlying tooth germs lying in close proximity can result in a variety of disturbances in the permanent successors. Few of these disturbances include hypoplasia, dilaceration, or alteration in the eruption sequence and pattern. Dilaceration is defined as an angulation or sharp bend or curve in the linear relationship of the crown of a tooth to its root. A rare case of maxillary left central incisor having crown dilaceration and Vertucci’s type II canal configuration with symptomatic periapical periodontitis is reported. Cone beam computed tomography was used for better understanding of the anomaly and complicated root canal morphology. The tooth was successfully managed by nonsurgical root canal therapy and restoration with resin composite to restore esthetics

Endodontic and periodontal management of a severely affected maxillary lateral incisor having combined mucosal fenestration and palatogingival groove

Mucosal fenestrations, wherein the tooth root apices are clinically discernible in the oral cavity subsequent to loss of overlying alveolar bone and mucosa, are rare pathologic entities. Palato gingival grooves- anatomic aberrations are also infrequent occurrences that notoriously predispose to periodontal pathologies of varying extent. Both conditions independently are known to popularly affect maxillary lateral incisors. Coexistent fenestration defect and palato gingival groove in the same tooth is extremely rare and undoubtedly is a perfect combination to precipitate severe endodontic-periodontal consequences. In this report, a 34-year-old patient presented to the dental department with complaint of esthetics in relation to exposed root of right maxillary lateral incisor. On closer inspection, a palato gingival groove in addition to fenestration defect was evident on the root surface along with a periodontal pocket of >5 mm. An interdisciplinary treatment was instituted which included endodontic treatment followed by root end resection, osseous bone graft placement and guided tissue regeneration procedures for repair of mucosal fenestration defect. Debridement of the palatal pocket, with saucerization of the groove and restoration with glass ionomer cement were simultaneously employed to correct the palatal defect

Knowledge, attitude, and awareness of parents regarding their children’s oral health in Bathinda, Punjab

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practical behavior of parents regarding their children’s oral health in Bathinda, Punjab. Methodology: A cross sectional study was   conducted   among 500 parents who reported in outpatient department of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab. Data were collected through a self‑administered questionnaire. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (21.0 version; Inc., Chicago IL, USA) for descriptive and multivariate analysis, and the level of statistical significance used in this study was chosen at P < 0.005. Results: The results showed that parents have satisfactory knowledge regarding the oral hygiene maintenance of their children. Lack of knowledge regarding fluoridated tooth paste were found. Moreover, many people don’t have any idea about ideal time for first dental visit. Otherwise, parents knew well about different type of brushes, importance of brushing, and food substances that may cause tooth decay etc. Conclusion: The present study indicates satisfactory results regarding knowledge of parents regarding their child’s oral health in Bathinda. Even though the knowledge and awareness is good, the caries status in children are found to be high in this region.&nbsp

Zika virus diseases – The new face of an ancient enemy as global public health emergency (2016): Brief review and recent updates

Zika virus (ZIKV) disease is caused by a virus transmitted by Aedes mosquito. It presents as flu-like symptoms lasting for 5–7 days and shows potential association with neurological and autoimmune complications such as congenital microcephaly and adult paralysis disorder, Guillain–Barré syndrome. Treatment measures are conservative as the disease is self-limiting. ZIKV earlier affected several tropical regions of Africa and Asia from 1951 to 2006. Subsequently, it moved out from these regions to land as outbreaks in Yap Island, French Polynesia, South America, and most recently in Brazil. The WHO declared it as an international public health emergency in 2016 and an extraordinary event with recommendations for improving communications, tightening vigil on ZIKV infections, and improving mosquito control measures. The authors in this article aim to briefly discuss ZIKV infection, its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, management, and prevention