Treatment of acute ischemic stroke with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator: practice pattern among neurologists and physicians

Background: Stroke is an abrupt onset of a neurologic deficit due to a focal vascular disease. Treatment guidelines for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within 4.5 hours of onset are thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA). To determine the practice pattern of rtPA in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke among consultants using a questionnaire.Methods: A questionnaire based study was carried out from May to September 2015. Neurologists and physicians from Kolar and Bengaluru were given a questionnaire comprising of 21 questions, regarding the treatment of AIS with rtPA. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 76.9% responded to the questionnaire, of which 18 were neurologists and 82 were physicians. An average of 4-5 AIS patients per month were seen by the doctors. Majority (72%) did not use rtPA, due to delay in patient reaching hospital or non-affordability of the drug. The consultants (66%) opined that rtPA was the best if patient arrived within 4.5 hours of onset of AIS. Only 34% consultants knew the correct score of AIS for administration of rtPA. The usage of penumbral imaging before thrombolysis was agreed by neurologists (58%) and physicians (34%). The IV+IA rtPA thrombolytic therapy produced highest rate of recanalization as expressed by neurologists (84%) and physicians (56%). Majority (80%) felt that use of rtPA beyond 4-6 hours had no beneficial effect. The adverse effects encountered were hypotension and bleeding.Conclusions: Neurologists and physicians opined that treatment with rtPA was effective in patients of AIS within 4.5 hours of onset, but the limitations were late arrival of patient to hospital and drug cost

Retrospective study of 53 cases of caesarean myomectomy regarding its safety and feasibility

Background: In recent era, many studies have come up stating the safety and feasibility of caesarean myomectomy. With the advances in surgical techniques, the risk is very minimum. Our primary objective is to evaluate the safety of caesarean myomectomy and to analyse the blood loss according to the size, site of fibroids and with various methods used to prevent blood loss and postoperative morbidity.Methods: Retrospective studies of 53 women were included in our study who underwent caesarean myomectomy in the period of June 2006 to June 2015. Site, Size and number of myomas removed were noted down. Hemoglobin difference between pre and postoperative levels also noted down.Results: There is no significant blood loss difference according to the type, number and methods used to prevent blood loss. But as the size increases, there is significant blood loss difference- P value 0.006.Conclusions: Caesaren myomectomy can be safely undertaken by experienced surgeons. Single or multiple, smaller subserosal and intramural myomas can be safely removed .Though larger fibroids have increased blood loss intraoperative, with the prophylactic measures, we can safely remove them too. Submucosal, cornual myomas have to be dealt with caution

Generic Paddy Plant Disease Detector (GP2D2): An Application of the Deep-CNN Model

Rice is the primary food for almost half of the world’s population, especially for the people of Asian countries. There is a demand to improve the quality and increase the quantity of rice production to meet the food requirements of the increasing population. Bulk cultivation and quality production of crops need appropriate technology assistance over manual traditional methods. In this work, six popular Deep-CNN architectures, namely AlexNet, VGG-19, VGG-16, InceptionV3, MobileNet, and ResNet-50, are exploited to identify the diseases in paddy plants since they outperform most of the image classification applications. These CNN models are trained and tested with Plant Village dataset for classifying the paddy plant images into one of the four classes namely, Healthy, Brown Spot, Hispa, or Leaf Blast, based on the disease condition. The performance of the chosen architectures is compared with different hyper parameter settings. AlexNet outperformed other convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in this multiclass classification task, achieving an accuracy of 89.4% at the expense of a substantial number of network parameters, indicating the large model size of AlexNet. For developing mobile applications, the ResNet-50 architecture was adopted over other CNNs, since it has a comparatively smaller number of network parameters and a comparable accuracy of 86.1%. A fine-tuned ResNet-50 architecture supported mobile app, “Generic Paddy Plant Disease Detector (GP2D2)” has been developed for the identification of most commonly occurring diseases in paddy plants. This tool will be more helpful for the new generation of farmers in bulk cultivation and increasing the productivity of paddy. This work will give insight into the performance of CNN architectures in rice plant disease detection task and can be extended to other plants too

SPECTRO-ANALYTICAL, COMPUTATIONAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON 4-PYRIDINE CARBOXALDEHYDE-3-HYDROXY-5-(HYDROXY METHYL)-2-METHYL HYDRAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE AND ITS CU (II) COMPLEXCA

Objective: The title compound 4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxy methyl)-2-methyl hydrazone (PCHHMMH) hydrochloride an analogue of Pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone PIH, is an iron chelator. The PCHHMMH has potential donor sites suitable for metal ion binding, the study on structural aspects of the compound and its copper complex are explored. With a view to understand biological importance of title compounds, antimicrobial and cytotoxic studies were planned. Methods: In the present study the spectroanalytical techniques employed were pH-metry, spectrophotometry, IR, 1H & 13C-NMR, UV-Vis, ESR, Magnetic measurements, TGA and SEM. The computational method employed is HyperChem 7.5 software. The antimicrobial studies were carried out by agar disc diffusion method for antibacterial studies against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The cytotoxic potential was measured by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) method against selected tumor cells. Results: The equilibrium studies by employing pH-metric method inferred the dissociation of two protons in it. Further titration in presence of Cu (II) ion, it is confirmed the release of two protons from title compound and formation of corresponding complex. The orientations of frontier orbitals for molecular and ionized forms of compound were computed to understand the electronic properties. The Cu (II) PCHHMMH complex was characterized by spectroanalytical methods and screened for, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Conclusion: As the structural features are important to understand the chemical behavior of metal complexes, in the present study copper complex was synthesized and characterized by employing various spectro-analytical tools viz; IR, 1H & 13C-NMR, UV-Vis, ESR, Magnetic measurements, TGA and SEM. Further the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities were evaluated and correlated with computed QSAR data

Improved DASH Architecture for Quality Cloud Video Streaming in Automated Systems

In modern times, multimedia streaming systems that transmit video across a channel primarily use HTTP services as a delivery component. Encoding the video for all quality levels is avoided thanks to fuzzy based encoders' ability to react to network changes. Additionally, the system frequently uses packet priority assignment utilising a linear error model to enhance the dynamic nature of DASH without buffering. Based on a fuzzy encoder, the decision of video quality is made in consideration of the bandwidth available. This is a component of the MPEG DASH encoder. The Fuzzy DASH system seeks to increase the scalability of online video streaming, making it suitable for live video broadcasts through mobile and other devices

Optimization of DNA delivery by three classes of hybrid nanoparticle/DNA complexes

Plasmid DNA encoding a luciferase reporter gene was complexed with each of six different hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized from mixtures of poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide acid) (PLGA 50:50) and the cationic lipids DOTAP (1, 2-Dioleoyl-3-Trimethyammonium-Propane) or DC-Chol {3β-[N-(N', N'-Dimethylaminoethane)-carbamyl] Cholesterol}. Particles were 100-400 nm in diameter and the resulting complexes had DNA adsorbed on the surface (out), encapsulated (in), or DNA adsorbed and encapsulated (both). A luciferase reporter assay was used to quantify DNA expression in 293 cells for the uptake of six different NP/DNA complexes. Optimal DNA delivery occurred for 105 cells over a range of 500 ng - 10 μg of NPs containing 20-30 μg DNA per 1 mg of NPs. Uptake of DNA from NP/DNA complexes was found to be 500-600 times as efficient as unbound DNA. Regression analysis was performed and lines were drawn for DNA uptake over a four week interval. NP/DNA complexes with adsorbed NPs (out) showed a large initial uptake followed by a steep slope of DNA decline and large angle of declination; lines from uptake of adsorbed and encapsulated NPs (both) also exhibited a large initial uptake but was followed by a gradual slope of DNA decline and small angle of declination, indicating longer times of luciferase expression in 293 cells. NPs with encapsulated DNA only (in), gave an intermediate activity. The latter two effects were best seen with DOTAP-NPs while the former was best seen with DC-Chol-NPs. These results provide optimal conditions for using different hybrid NP/DNA complexes in vitro and in the future, will be tested in vivo

Urine levels of rifampicin & isoniazid in asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals

Background & objectives: AIDS and its associated gastrointestinal complications may impair the absorption of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs. Impaired absorption of anti-TB drugs could lead to low drug exposure, which might contribute to acquired drug resistance and reduced effectiveness of anti-TB treatment. The aim of this study was to obtain information on the status of absorption of rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH) in asymptomatic HIV- positive individuals, who are less immunocompromised. The D-xylose absorption test was also carried out to assess the absorptive capacity of intestive. Methods: The absorption of RMP, INH and D-xylose was studied in 15 asymptomatic HIV- positive individuals with CD4 cell counts > 350 cells/mm3 and 16 healthy volunteers, after oral administration of single doses of RMP (450 mg), INH (300 mg) and D-xylose (5 g). Urine was collected up to 8 h after drug administration. Percentage dose of the drugs and their metabolites and D-xylose excreted in urine were calculated. Results: A significant reduction in the urinary excretion of INH and D-xylose in HIV-positive persons compared to healthy volunteers was observed. The per cent dose of RMP and its metabolite, desacetyl RMP was also lower in HIV-positive persons compared to healthy volunteers, but this difference was not statistically significant. Interpretation & conclusion: Decreased urinary excretion of D-xylose and INH are suggestive of intestinal malabsorption in HIV-positive individuals. HIV infection could cause malabsorption of anti-TB drugs even at an early stage of the disease. The clinical implications of these findings need to be confirmed in larger studies

Crptography based Lifi for Patient Privacy and Emergency Health Service Using IOT

Medical care is one such region, where WIFI is as yet not utilized as the electromagnetic waves influences patients with sicknesses like neurological problems, diseases and so forth. Accordingly, LIFI can be respected the following large thing, as it represents no gamble to patients and offers more advantages than WIFI, such as faster speeds and a larger spectrum. The only issue that hospitals have while exchanging data through it is ensuring confidentiality. The methodology proposed here leverages Secure Hash Algorithms to give maximum security as a solution to this challenge. The Secure Hash Algorithm is a bonus feature that is mostly utilised for authentication. IoT connects physical devices such as sensors and actuators to networks. The programming routines can be visualised from any location thanks to cloud storage. These algorithms can be employed in a variety of applications, including smart homes, digital technologies, and banking systems. This research presents a model that takes into account a human's heart rate, glucose level, and temperature. In the even to fan emergency, adjacent hospitals are alerted to the patient's condition, allowing them to provide timely and correct care. This will save you from having to go to the hospital. Temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, gas sensor, and fall detection are among the vital signs monitored by the system. An Arduino controller and a GSM900Amodule make up the system design. The monitored values can be supplied via mobile phones, and if an abnormal state is detected, the buzzer is activated, and the information is communicated to the concerned members via the mobile app