Behavioral data

<p>Behavioral results of the <i>Internet</i> and <i>Presence</i> group for the <i>Inclusion</i> and <i>Exclusion</i> blocks are depicted. Mean values and standard deviations (in brackets) are presented.</p

ERP data.

<p>Grand-averaged ERPs for the event “ball possession of the participant” in the <i>Inclusion</i> (dark grey) and <i>Exclusion</i> condition (light grey) recorded from the electrode positions Fz, Cz and Pz. Three time windows are highlighted: 130–210 ms (N2), 240–300 ms (P3a), and 300–410 ms (P3b). (A) Superimposition of the ERP traces in the group <i>Internet</i>: Co-players are assumed to be connected via internet. (B) Superimposition of the ERP traces in the group <i>Presence</i>: Co-players are physically present in the lab.</p

Grand-averaged ERPs for non-target events.

<p>Grand-averaged ERPs and horizontal and vertical EOGs for the non-target events (a: Oddball task, circle at position “A” or “B”; b: Cyberball task, ball possession of the co-players) in the first (33% non-target probability; black lines) and the second (66% non-target probability; grey lines) block of the tasks. ERPs were recorded from the electrode positions Fz, Cz, and Pz. An early N2 component (100–170 ms) was followed by a fronto-central P3 complex consisting of a P3a (240–320 ms) and a P3b (320–400 ms) component. The non-target event was presented at 0 ms.</p

Electrophysiological data

<p>Mean values of ERP components of the <i>Internet</i> and <i>Presence</i> group for the <i>Inclusion</i> and <i>Exclusion</i> blocks are depicted. ERPs were recorded from Fz, Cz and Pz. Mean values and standard deviations (in brackets) in microvolt are presented for three distinct time frames (N2: 130–210 ms, P3a: 240–300 ms, P3b: 300–410 ms).</p

Questionnaire and behavioral data of the Oddball and Cyberball group for the two experimental blocks.

<p>Questionnaire and behavioral data of the Oddball and Cyberball group for the two experimental blocks.</p

Electrophysiological data of the Oddball and Cyberball group for the two experimental blocks.

<p>Electrophysiological data of the Oddball and Cyberball group for the two experimental blocks.</p

Experimental setting for the <i>Internet</i> (I) and <i>Presence</i> (II) condition.

<p>The real participant was always sitting at position C. In the <i>Internet</i> group, the two “co-players” were depicted by two photographs. In the <i>Presence</i> group, the confederates “A” and “B” pretended to be involved in the ball tossing game, which was actually possible only in 15 training trials at the beginning of the game. Please note that the photographs of co-players depicted do not refer to real persons, but are morphs of different portraits.</p

Grand-averaged ERPs for target events.

<p>Grand-averaged ERPs and horizontal and vertical EOGs for the target events (a: Oddball task, circle at position “C”; b: Cyberball task, ball possession of the participant) in the first (33% target probability; black lines) and the second (17% target probability; grey lines) block of the tasks. ERPs were recorded from the electrode positions Fz, Cz, and Pz. A parietal N2 (130–210 ms) was followed by a P3 complex with a centrally located P3a (240–300 ms) and a P3b (300–410 ms) with a parietal maximum. The target event was presented at 0 ms.</p

Target and Non-Target Processing during Oddball and Cyberball: A Comparative Event-Related Potential Study - Fig 1

<p><b>Display of the visual Oddball (a) and the Cyberball (b) task.</b> The events “circle at position ‘C’” (Oddball) or “ball possession of the participant” (Cyberball) were defined as target events, since they required the participant to press a button to move the circle/ball to the position “A” or “B” or to the left or right co-player. Before the circle/ball appeared at the selected position, it remained at the center of the screen for 500 ms. At the positions “A” or “B” or at one of the co-players’ position (non-target events) the circle/ball remained for 400 to 1400 ms, and the participant was not required to react. Note that the pictures of the presumed co-players (b) were no real photos, but morphs of different persons.</p