Locations of Participating Community Health Centers, the Southern Community Cohort Study.

<p>Locations of Participating Community Health Centers, the Southern Community Cohort Study.</p

Sedentary behaviors among females [adjusted mean (std err)] across demographic characteristics and body mass index, by race<b>.</b>

1<p>Includes total/occupational activity plus sports/exercise.</p>2<p>Wake time includes sitting, household/occupational activity, and sports.</p><p>NOTE: All models are adjusted for the other demographic characteristics shown in the table as well as for hypertension (Y/N), diabetes (Y/N), heart attack/coronary artery disease (Y/N), stroke/TIA (Y/N), and emphysema (Y/N).</p

Physical activity behaviors and walking [mean (std) or percentage], by gender and race.

1<p>Calculated by multiplying time spent in each activity intensity level by metabolic equivalent estimates (METs).</p>2<p>Includes moderate and vigorous sports/exercise.</p>3<p>Current physical activity recommendations are met if participant reported 150 or more min/week of moderate sports/exercise, 75 or more min/week of vigorous sports/exercise, or 150 or more min/week of moderate and vigorous sports/exercise combined.</p>4<p>Includes household and occupational activity plus sports/exercise.</p

Sedentary behaviors among males [adjusted mean (std err)] across demographic characteristics and body mass index, by race.

1<p>Includes total/occupational activity plus sports/exercise.</p>2<p>Wake time includes sitting, household/occupational activity, and sports.</p><p>NOTE: All models are adjusted for the other demographic characteristics shown in the table as well as for hypertension (Y/N), diabetes (Y/N), heart attack/coronary artery disease (Y/N), stroke/TIA (Y/N), and emphysema (Y/N).</p

Physical activity behaviors among females [adjusted mean (std err) or frequency] across demographic characteristics and body mass index, by race.

1<p>Includes household/occupational activity and sports/exercise.</p>2<p>Current recommendations are met if participant reported 150+ min/week of moderate sports/exercise or 75+ min/week of vigorous sports/exercise.</p><p>NOTE: All models are adjusted for the other demographic characteristics shown in the table as well as for hypertension (Y/N), diabetes (Y/N), heart attack/coronary artery disease (Y/N), stroke/transient ischemic attack (Y/N), and emphysema (Y/N).</p

Physical activity behaviors among males [adjusted mean (std err) or frequency] across demographic characteristics and body mass index, by race.

1<p>Includes household/occupational activity and sports/exercise.</p>2<p>Current recommendations are met if participant reported 150+ min/week of moderate sports/exercise or 75+ min/week of vigorous sports/exercise.</p><p>NOTE: All models are adjusted for the other demographic characteristics shown in the table as well as for hypertension (Y/N), diabetes (Y/N), heart attack/coronary artery disease (Y/N), stroke/transient ischemic attack (Y/N), and emphysema (Y/N).</p

Descriptive characteristics of African American participants in seven cohorts included in African American BMI-Mortality Pooling Project.

<p>AARP  =  NIH-AARP (formally known as the American Association of Retired Persons) Diet and Health Study; AHS2  =  Adventist Health Study 2; BWHS  =  Black Women's Health Study; CPSII  =  Cancer Prevention Study II; MEC  =  Multiethnic Cohort Study; PLCO  =  Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial; SCCS  =  Southern Community Cohort Study</p>a<p>Population of ‘All eligible' includes 239,526 participants as follows: 256,409 participants provided by cohorts less N = 8899 missing BMI, N = 234 with BMI <15 kg/m², N = 330 with BMI >60 kg/m², N = 7 with missing gender, N = 37 with missing age at enrollment, N = 7343 with one year or less of follow-up, and N = 33 people who ended follow-up before age 30.</p>b<p>Age at enrollment into individual cohorts.</p>c<p>Population of ‘Healthy, non-smokers' includes 109,849 participants as follows: 239,526 eligible participants less 116,253 for former or current cigarette smoking, 5579 for cancer, 5731 for heart disease/heart attack, and 2114 for stroke. Covariates selected <i>a priori</i> for inclusion in multivariate models include education, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and marital status.</p>d<p>Characteristics tabulated for All Eligible population.</p>e<p>The BWHS did not differentiate between post high school and some college in ascertainment of educational attainment.</p>f<p>Includes heart disease, heart attack, stroke, or cancer (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer).</p><p>Descriptive characteristics of African American participants in seven cohorts included in African American BMI-Mortality Pooling Project.</p

Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from multivariate Cox proportional hazards models for all-cause mortality according to categories of body mass index among African American participants without chronic illness^a at baseline who never smoked, stratified by duration of follow-up and educational attainment.

a<p>Chronic illness includes heart disease, stroke, or cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer).</p>b<p>Participants from only 4 cohorts with duration of follow-up 12+ years (AARP, BWHS, CPSII, and MEC).</p><p>Models adjusted for sex, education, marital status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Models stratified by cohort. Age-adjusted death rates among referent BMI category (22.5–24.9) were 7.1, 10.1, and 9.4 per 1,000 person-years for strata of follow-up of <6 years, -<12 years, and 12+ years, respectively. Age-standardized death rates among referent BMI category (22.5–24.9) were 11.7, 9.4, and 6.9 per 1,000 person-years for strata of < high school, high school, and greater than high school education, respectively. Age-standardized according to the US 2000 Standard Population using 5-year age increments.</p><p>Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from multivariate Cox proportional hazards models for all-cause mortality according to categories of body mass index among African American participants without chronic illness^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111980#nt110" target="_blank">a</a>} at baseline who never smoked, stratified by duration of follow-up and educational attainment.</p

Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from multivariate Cox proportional hazards models for all-cause mortality according to categories of body mass index among African American participants without chronic illness^a at baseline who never smoked.

a<p>Chronic illness includes heart disease, stroke, or cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer).</p><p>Models adjusted for sex, education, marital status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Models stratified by cohort. Age-standardized death rates among referent BMI category (22.5-24.9) were 11.7, 6.8, and 7.8 per 1,000 person-years for males, females, and the total population, respectively. Age-standardized according to the US 2000 Standard Population using 5-year age increments.</p><p>Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from multivariate Cox proportional hazards models for all-cause mortality according to categories of body mass index among African American participants without chronic illness^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111980#nt108" target="_blank">a</a>} at baseline who never smoked.</p

Association between body mass index and all-cause mortality, stratified by sex.

<p>Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from multivariate Cox proportional hazards models for the association between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality among never smokers with no baseline chronic illness (including heart disease, stroke, or cancer of any type except non-melanoma skin cancer), and among all participants, stratified by sex. NOTE: All models stratified by cohort and adjusted for education, marital status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Models including all participants were further adjusted for cigarette smoking status.</p