Find Me the Evidence: Connecting the Practitioner With the Evidence on Bereavement Care

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in DEATH STUDIES on January 15 2015, available online: http://wwww.tandfonline.com/10.1080/07481187.2014.992498 Author version under embargo for 12 months from publication, in accordance with the publisher's policy.This study reports on the development and application of a Bereavement Search Filter with a known level of retrieval performance to support access to the underlying knowledge base for bereavement care

On the Application of Strong Magnetic Fields during Organic Crystal Growth

We investigate the effect of crystal growth within a magnetic field for three polymorphic pharmaceuticals, using an experiment where the magnetic field can be varied in strength without altering other crystallization conditions. In the case of carbamazepine, fields above 0.6 T produce metastable form I, and for flufenamic acid, there is an increased propensity to crystallize metastable form I around 1 T. In contrast, the magnetic field has no effect on the crystallization of mefenamic acid, a closely related molecule. The growth of the metastable β polymorph of coronene within a magnetic field at ambient temperature is difficult to reproduce but has been seen as a minor component, consistent with this transformation to the more stable form being facile, depending on the particle size. Calculations of the diamagnetic susceptibility tensors of the polymorphs and their morphologies provide semiquantitative estimates of how the diamagnetic susceptibilities of crystallites differ between polymorphs and explain why mefenamic acid crystallization is unaffected. As the onset of crystallization of carbamazepine and coronene, as defined by changes in turbidity, occur at lower temperatures and hence greater supersaturations in certain ranges of magnetic field strength, this suggests that the field causes precipitation of the metastable form through Ostwald’s rule of stages

Does Fungal Endophyte Infection Improve Tall Fescue’s Growth Response to Fire and Water Limitation?

Invasive species may owe some of their success in competing and co-existing with native species to microbial symbioses they are capable of forming. Tall fescue is a cool-season, non-native, invasive grass capable of co-existing with native warm-season grasses in North American grasslands that frequently experience fire, drought, and cold winters, conditions to which the native species should be better-adapted than tall fescue. We hypothesized that tall fescue’s ability to form a symbiosis with Neotyphodium coenophialum, an aboveground fungal endophyte, may enhance its environmental stress tolerance and persistence in these environments. We used a greenhouse experiment to examine the effects of endophyte infection (E+ vs. E−), prescribed fire (1 burn vs. 2 burn vs. unburned control), and watering regime (dry vs. wet) on tall fescue growth. We assessed treatment effects for growth rates and the following response variables: total tiller length, number of tillers recruited during the experiment, number of reproductive tillers, tiller biomass, root biomass, and total biomass. Water regime significantly affected all response variables, with less growth and lower growth rates observed under the dry water regime compared to the wet. The burn treatments significantly affected total tiller length, number of reproductive tillers, total tiller biomass, and total biomass, but treatment differences were not consistent across parameters. Overall, fire seemed to enhance growth. Endophyte status significantly affected total tiller length and tiller biomass, but the effect was opposite what we predicted (E−\u3eE+). The results from our experiment indicated that tall fescue was relatively tolerant of fire, even when combined with dry conditions, and that the fungal endophyte symbiosis was not important in governing this ecological ability. The persistence of tall fescue in native grassland ecosystems may be linked to other endophyte-conferred abilities not measured here (e.g., herbivory release) or may not be related to this plant-microbial symbiosis

A review of the analytical techniques for the detection of anabolic–androgenic steroids within biological matrices

Anabolic–androgenic steroids (AASs) and other image and performance enhancing drugs (IPEDs) are controlled by governments and sport institutions such as the World Anti-doping Agency (WADA). Although elite athletes and professional bodybuilders are the most visible AAS abusers, the introduction of the internet has increased the accessibility of AASs, with use being observed among recreational gym goers at increasing prevalence. Despite reported increase in use, routine analysis for these substances is uncommon, with many forensic laboratories opting to outsource AAS analysis. This review collates information regarding the extraction and analysis of AASs from various biological matrices with the considered purpose of providing a reference for the development of AAS methods to allow for routine detection by forensic laboratories

Expansion of Foxp3+ T-cell populations by Candida albicans enhances both Th17-cell responses and fungal dissemination after intravenous challenge

Research Funding Wellcome Trust, UK. Grant Numbers: 086827, 080088 NIH. Grant Number: DE022550Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Acceleration and Substructure Constraints in a Quasar Outflow

We present observations of probable line-of-sight acceleration of a broad absorption trough of C IV in the quasar SDSS J024221.87+004912.6. We also discuss how the velocity overlap of two other outflowing systems in the same object constrains the properties of the outflows. The Si IV doublet in each system has one unblended transition and one transition which overlaps with absorption from the other system. The residual flux in the overlapping trough is well fit by the product of the residual fluxes in the unblended troughs. For these optically thick systems to yield such a result, at least one of them must consist of individual subunits rather than being a single structure with velocity-dependent coverage of the source. If these subunits are identical, opaque, spherical clouds, we estimate the cloud radius to be r = 3.9 10^15 cm. If they are identical, opaque, linear filaments, we estimate their width to be w = 6.5 10^14 cm. These subunits are observed to cover the Mg II broad emission line region of the quasar, at which distance from the black hole the above filament width is equal to the predicted scale height of the outer atmosphere of a thin accretion disk. Insofar as that scale height is a natural size scale for structures originating in an accretion disk, these observations are evidence that the accretion disk can be a source of quasar absorption systems. Based on data from ESO program 075.B-0190(A).Comment: 14 emulateapj pages, 7 figures, ApJ in pres

Unclaimed Children Revisited: The Status of Children's Mental Health Policy in the United States

The needs of children and youth who experience mental health difficulties, as well as the needs of their families, cannot be addressed adequately without solid policy foundations at both state and federal levels. Unclaimed Children Revisited: The Status of Children's Mental Health Policy in the United States aims to document and assess how well child mental health policies across the 50 states and three territories respond to the needs of children and youth with mental health problems, those at risk, and their families. Comprising a national study and four sub-studies, this report presents a range of data collected from service users, providers, family members, youth advocates, and state and county system leaders across the child serving spectrum. The report then uses these data to identify state- and federal-level policy implications and recommendations with the goal of promoting improved mental health service delivery through policy reform