Advancing Human Rights: Update on Global Foundation Grantmaking, Key Findings - 2017 Edition

This fourth annual report explores 2014 human rights grantmaking by funder, region, issue, population, and strategy. To provide a more complete picture of giving for human rights, this report also includes data on bilateral and multilateral aid. Advancing Human Rights: Update on Global Foundation Grantmaking also highlights key changes in foundation giving between 2013 and 2014. To control for year-to-year variations in the data set, this comparison draws from a subset of 579 funders whose grants were included in the research for both 2013 and 2014. Among this matched subset, total grant dollars forhuman rights rose by 2 percent and the number of grants increased by 11 percent

Promotion Des Droits Humains: Mise À Jour Des Subventions Des Fondations Au Niveau Mondial

In 2013, foundations allocated $2.3 billion in support of human rights. The Advancing Human Rights initiative defines human rights grantmaking as funding in pursuit of structural change, often in support of marginalized populations, to advance rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and subsequent rights treaties. All grantmaking consistent with this definition was included in this research, including grants by funders who do not consider themselves to be human rights funders but who support work in intersecting fields.The 803 foundations included in this edition of Advancing Human Rights: Update on Global Foundation Grantmaking made 20,300 grants supporting human rights. These foundations range from the top-ranked Open Society Foundations, Ford Foundation, and Nationale Postcode Loterij, each reporting over$250 million in giving for human rights in 2013, to foundations awarding one or two human rights grants.This third annual report explores 2013 human rights grantmaking by funder, region, issue, population, and--for the first time--strategy. To provide a more complete picture of giving for human rights, this year's update also includes 2013 data on bilateral and multilateral aid.Advancing Human Rights: Update on Global Foundation Grantmaking also highlights key changes in foundation giving between 2012 and 2013. To control for year-to-year variations in the data set, the report limits this comparison to a set of 649 funders whose grants were included in the research for both 2012 and 2013. Among this matched subset, total grant dollars for human rights rose by 23 percent and the number of grants awarded increased by 6 percent

Avance De Los Derechos Humanos: Actualización Sobre Las Subvenciones De Fundaciones a Nivel Global

In 2013, foundations allocated $2.3 billion in support of human rights. The Advancing Human Rights initiative defines human rights grantmaking as funding in pursuit of structural change, often in support of marginalized populations, to advance rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and subsequent rights treaties. All grantmaking consistent with this definition was included in this research, including grants by funders who do not consider themselves to be human rights funders but who support work in intersecting fields.The 803 foundations included in this edition of Advancing Human Rights: Update on Global Foundation Grantmaking made 20,300 grants supporting human rights. These foundations range from the top-ranked Open Society Foundations, Ford Foundation, and Nationale Postcode Loterij, each reporting over$250 million in giving for human rights in 2013, to foundations awarding one or two human rights grants.This third annual report explores 2013 human rights grantmaking by funder, region, issue, population, and--for the first time--strategy. To provide a more complete picture of giving for human rights, this year's update also includes 2013 data on bilateral and multilateral aid.Advancing Human Rights: Update on Global Foundation Grantmaking also highlights key changes in foundation giving between 2012 and 2013. To control for year-to-year variations in the data set, the report limits this comparison to a set of 649 funders whose grants were included in the research for both 2012 and 2013. Among this matched subset, total grant dollars for human rights rose by 23 percent and the number of grants awarded increased by 6 percent

Advancing Human Rights: Update on Global Foundation Grantmaking, Key Findings - 2016 Edition

In 2013, foundations allocated $2.3 billion in support of human rights. The Advancing Human Rights initiative defines human rights grantmaking as funding in pursuit of structural change, often in support of marginalized populations, to advance rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and subsequent rights treaties. All grantmaking consistent with this definition was included in this research, including grants by funders who do not consider themselves to be human rights funders but who support work in intersecting fields. The 803 foundations included in this edition of Advancing Human Rights: Update on Global Foundation Grantmaking made 20,300 grants supporting human rights. These foundations range from the top-ranked Open Society Foundations, Ford Foundation, and Nationale Postcode Loterij, each reporting over$250 million in giving for human rights in 2013, to foundations awarding one or two human rights grants. This third annual report explores 2013 human rights grantmaking by funder, region, issue, population, and--for the first time--strategy. To provide a more complete picture of giving for human rights, this year's update also includes 2013 data on bilateral and multilateral aid. Advancing Human Rights: Update on Global Foundation Grantmaking also highlights key changes in foundation giving between 2012 and 2013. To control for year-to-year variations in the data set, the report limits this comparison to a set of 649 funders whose grants were included in the research for both 2012 and 2013. Among this matched subset, total grant dollars for human rights rose by 23 percent and the number of grants awarded inceased by 6 percent

Passive Immunization Reduces Behavioral and Neuropathological Deficits in an Alpha-Synuclein Transgenic Model of Lewy Body Disease

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) are common causes of motor and cognitive deficits and are associated with the abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn). This study investigated whether passive immunization with a novel monoclonal α-syn antibody (9E4) against the C-terminus (CT) of α-syn was able to cross into the CNS and ameliorate the deficits associated with α-syn accumulation. In this study we demonstrate that 9E4 was effective at reducing behavioral deficits in the water maze, moreover, immunization with 9E4 reduced the accumulation of calpain-cleaved α-syn in axons and synapses and the associated neurodegenerative deficits. In vivo studies demonstrated that 9E4 traffics into the CNS, binds to cells that display α-syn accumulation and promotes α-syn clearance via the lysosomal pathway. These results suggest that passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies against the CT of α-syn may be of therapeutic relevance in patients with PD and DLB

Cocaine Is Low on the Value Ladder of Rats: Possible Evidence for Resilience to Addiction

International audienceBACKGROUND:Assessing the relative value of cocaine and how it changes with chronic drug use represents a long-standing goal in addiction research. Surprisingly, recent experiments in rats--by far the most frequently used animal model in this field--suggest that the value of cocaine is lower than previously thought.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Here we report a series of choice experiments that better define the relative position of cocaine on the value ladder of rats (i.e., preference rank-ordering of different rewards). Rats were allowed to choose either taking cocaine or drinking water sweetened with saccharin--a nondrug alternative that is not biologically essential. By systematically varying the cost and concentration of sweet water, we found that cocaine is low on the value ladder of the large majority of rats, near the lowest concentrations of sweet water. In addition, a retrospective analysis of all experiments over the past 5 years revealed that no matter how heavy was past cocaine use most rats readily give up cocaine use in favor of the nondrug alternative. Only a minority, fewer than 15% at the heaviest level of past cocaine use, continued to take cocaine, even when hungry and offered a natural sugar that could relieve their need of calories.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:This pattern of results (cocaine abstinence in most rats; cocaine preference in few rats) maps well onto the epidemiology of human cocaine addiction and suggests that only a minority of rats would be vulnerable to cocaine addiction while the large majority would be resilient despite extensive drug use. Resilience to drug addiction has long been suspected in humans but could not be firmly established, mostly because it is difficult to control retrospectively for differences in drug self-exposure and/or availability in human drug users. This conclusion has important implications for preclinical research on the neurobiology of cocaine addiction and for future medication development