A review on medicinal plant of Apium graveolens

Background and aims: Medicinal plants are used in traditional medicine to treat many diseases. Celery (Apium graveolens) is a native medicinal plant to Europe. This plant has a very wide range of usage and cultivation. The wild type was found in countries such as Algeria, the Caucasus, Iran, India and America. However, due to increasing value and the special place of the plant in the new pharmaceutical industry, it is necessary to recognize the potential in the field of manufacturing and processing. This article presents morphological characteristics, vegetation compounds and evaluation of the therapeutic properties of this valuable medicinal plant. Methods: The information of this review article have been gathered from accessible journals in databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, SID and Iran Medex. The search terms wer

Effect of apium graveolens leaf extract on serum level of thyroid hormones in male rat

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Celery (APium graveolens) is a medicinal Plant with antioxidant benefits and rich of flavonoid. Since flavonoids have great imPact on Physiological functions of body and esPecially thyroid function, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of celery leaf on serum level of thyroid hormones. METHODS: In this exPerimental study, 40 male rats were divided into 5 grouPs of eight rats each. They were control, sham (received normal saline) and the exPerimental grouPs received 1 ml of hydro-alcoholic extract of celery with doses of 50,100 and 200 mg/kg during 21 days by using gavage method. One day after the last gavage, the blood samPles were collected by bloodletting from the heart. After PreParing serum, the level of T3‘T4 and TSH hormones were measured using ELISA method. FINDINGS: The serum levels of T3 (0.95±0.04 and 0.95±0.06, resPectively) and T4 (5.42±0.85 and 5.87±0.89, resPectively) hormones decreased (p0.0 5). CONCLUSION: The results showed that prescribing these doses of celery extracts caused the decrease of thyroid hormone level so it could be considered as a balance hyperthyroidism. © 2014, Babol University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Co-infection of COVID-19 and parasitic diseases: A systematic review

Co-infection of COVID-19 with other diseases increases the challenges related to its treatment management. COVID-19 co-infection with parasites is studied with low frequency. Here, we systematically reviewed the cases of parasitic disease co-infection with COVID-19. All articles on COVID-19 co-infected with parasites (protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites), were screened through defined inclusion/exclusion criteria.Of 2190 records, 35 studies remained for data extraction. The majority of studies were about COVID-19 co-infected with malaria, followed by strongyloidiasis, amoebiasis, chagas, filariasis, giardiasis, leishmaniasis, lophomoniasis, myiasis, and toxoplasmosis. No or low manifestation differences were reported between the co-infected cases and naïve COVID-19 or naïve parasitic disease.Although there was a relatively low number of reports on parasitic diseases-COVID-19 co-infection, COVID-19 and some parasitic diseases have overlapping symptoms and also COVID-19 conditions and treatment regimens may cause some parasites re-emergence, relapse, or re-activation. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the on-time diagnosis of COVID-19 and the co-infected parasites

Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutations associated with isoniazid and rifampicin resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the leading causes of worldwide death, especially following the emergence of strains resistant to isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF). This study aimed to systematically review published articles focusing on the prevalence of INH and/or RIF resistance-associated mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in recent years. Literature databases were searched using appropriate keywords. The data of the included studies were extracted and used for a random-effects model meta-analysis. Of the initial 1442 studies, 29 were finally eligible to be included in the review.The overall resistance to INH and RIF was about 17.2% and 7.3%, respectively. There was no difference between the frequency of INH and RIF resistance using different phenotypic or genotypic methods. The INH and/or RIF resistance was higher in Asia. The S315T mutation in KatG (23.7 %), C-15 T in InhA (10.7 %), and S531L in RpoB (13.5 %) were the most prevalent mutations. Altogether, the results showed that due to S531L in RpoB, S315T in KatG, and C-15 T in InhA mutations INH- and RIF-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates were widely distributed. Thus, it would be diagnostically and epidemiologically beneficial to track these gene mutations among resistant isolates

A gold nanoparticle colorimetric probe-based biosensor for rapid detection of VIM-2 and IMP-1 metallo-beta lactamase genes

Despite actions to reduce the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, antibiotic resistance remains a major threat in the treatment and control of infections. Therefore, the development of rapid diagnostic methods plays a significant role in the detection of antibiotic resistance genes and the management of hospital infections. This study aimed to design and develop a gold nanoparticle colorimetric probe-based biosensor was developed for faster and more accurate detection of VIM-2 and IMP-1 Metallo-Beta-Lactamases (MBLs) genes in different clinical samples. After identifying 248 clinical isolates of bacteria with standard biochemical methods and evaluation of antibiotic resistance and identifying MBL-producing strains, PCR method was carried out for detecting VIM-2 and IMP-1 genes as a gold standard. Synthesis of AuNPs were done by citrate reduction method and AuNP -IMP-1 biosensor was used for detecting IMP-1 gene, after functionalization of thiol modified oligonucleotides. AuNP biosensor and IMP-1 PCR were compared in terms of detection indices. Method PCR was defined as the gold standard. Bacteria examined, 87 isolates were resistant to carbapenems. Out of the 87 carbapenem-resistant isolates, 85 (34.2%) were phenotypically positive for MBLs. Also, 7 isolates had IMP-1 gene, but none of them carried VIM-2 gene. The AuNP biosensor had 100% sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV, respectively. The final detection limit of IMP-1 genomic DNA (LOD) by PCR and AuNP-IMP-1 biosensor technique was 0.1 fg/μl (2.5 fg/25 reactions) and 0.001 fg/μl (0.025 fg/25 reaction), respectively. According to the promising results of Diagnostic indices, AuNP biosensor is a more efficient and accurate method for direct and indirect detection of antibiotic resistance genes in clinical samples

Therapeutic and pharmacological potential of Foeniculum vulgare Mill: a review

Introduction: Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) is one of the oldest spice plants which, due to its economic importance and significant pharmaceutical industry applications, is considered as one of the world’s most important medicinal plants. The purpose of this study is to investigate and collect scientific reports such as morphological characteristics, phytochemical compounds and evaluation of the therapeutic properties of this valuable medicinal plant that have been published. Methods: In order to gather the information the keywords Fennel and Foeniculum vulgare mill, therapeutic, and pharmacology have been searched until January 1, 2015 from journals accessible in databases such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, EBSCO, Medline, PubMed, Embase, SID and Iran Medex. Results: The results showed that this plant has various pharmacological properties including antioxidant, anti-cancer activity, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-bacterial and estrogenic effects which are probably due to the presence of aromatic compounds such as anethole, estragole and fenshon. Conclusion: Fennel possesses various pharmacological properties and the fennel bioactive molecules play an important role in human health, hence, it might be used for different drug productions