In Vivo Analysis of Therapeutic Effects of Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin, Paracetamol, Dexamethasone, Remdesivir and Tocilizumab in Patients Affected with Novel Covid-19

COVID 19 creates pandemic around the globe. This virus spread so rapidly and unfortunately till now there is no authentic treatment available. Based upon the trials various drugs were applied to control the disease. Different drugs found effective including hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone, azithromycin and remdesivir. In current study 100 patients were participated. The presence of disease was confirmed by PCR based tests. Initials reports represent various abnormal range of WBC’s in patients. Most of them were symptomatic while few were asymptomatic. Gender wise COVID-19 mostly affected males rather than female gender. It was also found that older person were more susceptible than younger one.Effectiveness of the drugs shows there is need to do more work on following components to control the disease prevalence until a vaccine is discovered. Keywords: COVID-19, Dexamethasone, SARS DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/81-06 Publication date:October 31st 202

Introducing PHIL (precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid) – a new embolic agent for the body interventional radiologist

A number of embolic agents are currently available each with their own properties. Precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid (PHIL) is a new dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) compatible embolic agent with a number of specific properties which make it of interest to interventional radiologists. We review the use of PHIL in a non-neurointerventional setting, describing its use in a range of procedures such as trauma embolization, pseudoaneurysm embolization, and tumor embolization. PHIL's properties include a lack of skin discoloration, the possibility of rapid injection and a lack of glare artifact on follow-up computed tomography imaging. These properties make it an important new tool in the armamentarium of the body interventional radiologist

The Dynamic Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks in Pakistan

This study investigates the dynamic effects of fiscal policy shocks in Pakistan by using structural vector auto-regressive (SVAR) model for annual time series data from 1972 to 2014. To identify the effects of fiscal shocks on macro economy, four different identification approaches has been used i.e. Recursive approach, Blanchard and Perotti approach, Sign Restriction and Event Study approach for two different lags. Both sets of impulse responses gives the same results and support Mountford and Uhlig (2005) that different lag order has no effects on the whole results. While the impulse responses of all identification approaches give different results criticized Caldara and Kamps (2006) that different identification methods given the same results. The most common results provided both government expenditure and revenue shocks showed that an expansionary fiscal policy increased output only for short and medium term at the cost of high prices and have no significant effects in the long run

The Dynamic Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks in Pakistan

This study investigates the dynamic effects of fiscal policy shocks in Pakistan by using structural vector auto-regressive (SVAR) model for annual time series data from 1972 to 2014. To identify the effects of fiscal shocks on macro economy, four different identification approaches has been used i.e. Recursive approach, Blanchard and Perotti approach, Sign Restriction and Event Study approach for two different lags. Both sets of impulse responses gives the same results and support Mountford and Uhlig (2005) that different lag order has no effects on the whole results. While the impulse responses of all identification approaches give different results criticized Caldara and Kamps (2006) that different identification methods given the same results. The most common results provided both government expenditure and revenue shocks showed that an expansionary fiscal policy increased output only for short and medium term at the cost of high prices and have no significant effects in the long run

Changing face of trauma and surgical training in a developing country: A literature review

Trauma continues to be the major cause of disability and death globally and surgeons are often involved in immediate care. However there has been an exponential decrease in the number of the trained trauma surgeons. The purpose of the current review article is to summarize the published literature pertaining to trauma education in postgraduate surgical training programmes internationally and in a developing country as Pakistan. Several electronic databases like MEDLINE, PubMed, Google scholar and PakMediNet were searched using the keywords \u27trauma education\u27 or \u27trauma training\u27 AND \u27postgraduate medical education\u27, \u27surgery residency training\u27, \u27surgery residents\u27 and \u27surgeons\u27. The current training in most surgical residency programmes, locally and globally, is suboptimal. Change in trauma management protocols, and decrease in volume of trauma cases results in variable and/ or inadequate exposure and hands-on experience of the surgical trainees in operative and non-operative management of trauma. This warrants collaborative measures for integration of innovative educational interventions at all levels of the surgical educational programmes

Non-Traumatic Aortic Emergencies - Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre in

Objective: To review the incidence, clinical presentation and outcome of Non traumatic Aortic emergencies in a tertiary care hospital and its evaluation in the Emergency department (ED).Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of cases presented to the ED at Aga Khan University Hospital during 15 year period (1988 - 2002) who had final diagnosis of Aortic Dissection or Ruptured Aortic Aneurysm. Patients without confirmatory investigations were excluded. We aimed at looking for the incidence, clinical presentation, evaluation in the ED and final outcome.Results: Of the 12 cases, 7 had aortic dissection while the remaining 5 had ruptured aortic aneurysm. For Aortic dissection, mean age of presentation was 53 years with male predominance. Most of these patients had chest pain. Most common comorbid condition was hypertension. Pulse deficit was found in 2 cases, murmur in 4 cases, and focal neurologic deficit in 2 cases. Electrocardiogram revealed ischemic changes in 3 cases. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray was present in all cases. The only initial misdiagnosis was cardiac ischemia. One patient survived to discharge. For patients presenting with ruptured aortic aneurysm, mean age of presentation was 52 yrs with a male predominance. The associated comorbid condition was hypertension. Almost all patients presented classically with abdominal pain, hypotension and palpable mass. No patient survived to discharge.Conclusion: Aortic emergencies although rare, are associated with significant mortality. High index of suspicion and prompt recognition by the emergency physician is of key importanc

Group Work Assessment: Assessing Peer Assessment at Global College of Engineering and Technology

Students learning and autonomy can be improved by involving them in teaching and learning, especially in group work assessments, this can also greatly help cut down the amount of time spent by teachers on marking and providing feedback. Although peer assessment of student work can also accomplish these goals, but its application is frequently restricted to evaluating each participant's input or participation to a cooperative effort. This paper reports the considerations and lesson learnt to successfully develop a group work assessment and marked based on the individual’s contribution to avoid conflicts. It’s worth mentioning that the peer-assessed marks are not significantly different from those allocated by faculty based on evaluative criteria, quality definitions, and a scoring strategy

Magnetite Molybdenum Disulphide Nanofluid of Grade Two: A Generalized Model with Caputo-Fabrizio Derivative

Heat and mass transfer analysis in magnetite molybdenum disulphide nanofluid of grade two is studied. MoS2 powder with each particle of nanosize is dissolved in engine oil chosen as base fluid. A generalized form of grade-two model is considered with fractional order derivatives of Caputo and Fabrizio. The fluid over vertically oscillating plate is subjected to isothermal temperate and species concentration. The problem is modeled in terms of partial differential equations with sufficient initial conditions and boundary conditions. Fractional form of Laplace transform is used and exact solutions in closed form are determined for velocity field, temperature and concentration distributions. These solutions are then plotted for embedded parameters and discussed. Results for the physical quantities of interest (skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number) are computed in tables. Results obtained in this work are compared with some published results from the open literature

Zinc nutrition application augments morpho-physiological attributes, productivity and grain zinc bioavailability of Paddy Rice

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is the most important micronutrient disorders affecting plants and human health. Present study evaluated the potential of various Zn application methods in improving the performance of selected rice genotypes and Zn bioavailability in grains. Pre-selected Zn application methods through pot experiments were validated in the field. Harvested grains were fed to albino rats for Zn bioavailability. Results revealed that soil + foliar application of Zn was effective in improving the seedling growth of rice genotypes by modulating the agronomic, water related and biochemical attributes. The rats gained more body weight fed with rice genotype Accession-164 (high Zn accumulator) compared with the minimum for Super Basmati (low Zn accumulator) feed. In crux, soil application of Zn at 15 kg ha-1 followed by foliar application of 0.25% ZnSO4.7H2O solution at tillering and heading stages produced the highest grain yield (26.25%, 29.11%) with maximum bioavailable Zn (21.02%, 22.50%) during both years, respectively, in the grains for combating malnutrition in the tested rats